999 dictionary words make up the 2955 words of the text. The count says how often each occurs; the last column links to the section where it first appears.
| Word | Meaning | Times | First |
|---|---|---|---|
| ā, ab, abs (+ abl.)preposition + abl.ab, ā | from, away from; by (the agent of a passive verb); since | 20 | 1 |
| abeō, abīre, abiī (abīvī), abitumirregular verbabiit, abībunt | to go away, depart; to pass away, disappear; (in + acc.) to turn into, change intoab "away" + eō "go" | 2 | 4 |
| aberrō, aberrāre, aberrāvī, aberrātumverb, 1st conj.aberrantia | to wander away, stray, go astray; to err, go wrongEnglish aberration | 1 | 22 |
| abscēdō, abscēdere, abscessī, abscessumverb, 3rd conj.abscesserit, abscessit, abscēdere | to go away, depart, withdraw; to keep away from | 3 | 15 |
| absolvō, absolvere, absolvī, absolūtumverb, 3rd conj.absolvī | to set free, acquit; to finish, complete, fulfil; (ut ūnō verbō absolvam) to sum up in a wordEnglish absolve, absolute | 1 | 26 |
| absquepreposition + abl.absque | without, apart from | 1 | 27 |
| abundō, abundāre, abundāvī, abundātumverb, 1st conj.abundantī | to overflow; to abound, be plentiful; to have plenty of (+ abl.); (ex abundantī) over and above, in full measure, more than enoughab + unda "wave"; English abound, abundant | 1 | 42 |
| accēdō, accēdere, accessī, accessumverb, 3rd conj.accēde, accēderet | to approach; to be added, come in besidesEnglish accede | 2 | 12 |
| accipiō, accipere, accēpī, acceptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)accēperās | to receive, accept; to take, hear, learn; (alicui aliquid acceptum ferre) to enter as received from someone, to credit to someone, owe to someoneEnglish accept | 1 | 15 |
| acclāmātiō, acclāmātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.acclāmātiōnēs | a shout; acclamation, public cheeringEnglish acclamation | 1 | 16 |
| accommodō, accommodāre, accommodāvī, accommodātumverb, 1st conj.accommodā | to fit, adapt; to apply, devote (to)English accommodate | 1 | 39 |
| accommodus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.accommodum | fit, suitable, adapted (+ dat.)English accommodate | 1 | 16 |
| accūrātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.accūrātus | carefully done, exact, precise; careful, painstakingEnglish accurate | 1 | 30 |
| acquiēscō, acquiēscere, acquiēvī, acquiētumverb, 3rd conj.acquiēsce, acquiēscere | to rest, find rest; to rest content with, acquiesce in (in + abl.)English acquiesce | 3 | 7 |
| acquīrō, acquīrere, acquīsīvī, acquīsītumverb, 3rd conj.acquīrās | to get in addition; to acquire, gain, winEnglish acquire | 1 | 16 |
| āctiō, āctiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.āctiōne, āctiōnumque, āctiōque | action, act, deed; a legal actionEnglish action | 5 | 7 |
| acūtus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.acūta | sharp, pointed; keen, shrewd, cleverEnglish acute | 1 | 47 |
| ad (+ acc.)preposition + acc.ad | to, towards; at, near; for (the purpose of); with a gerund, to …-ing, for …-ing | 30 | 7 |
| adeōadverbadeōque | to such a degree, so; indeed, even, actuallynot the verb adeō 'go to' | 1 | 23 |
| adhaec (ad haec)adverbadhaec | besides, moreover, in additionGataker writes ad haec as one word | 1 | 30 |
| adhibeō, adhibēre, adhibuī, adhibitumverb, 2nd conj.adhibitā, adhibēre, adhibētur | to bring to, apply, employ, use (cūram adhibēre, to apply care); to summon | 3 | 45 |
| adhūcadverbadhūc | still, as yet; so far, until now | 1 | 14 |
| adigō, adigere, adēgī, adāctumverb, 3rd conj.adāctum | to drive, push (to a place); to force, compel | 1 | 11 |
| adjiciō, adjicere, adjēcī, adjectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)adjiciātur | to throw to, add, apply; calculum adjicere, to agree withEnglish adjective | 1 | 45 |
| admīror, admīrārī, admīrātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.admīrātur | to wonder at, be surprised at; to admireEnglish admire | 1 | 14 |
| admittō, admittere, admīsī, admissumverb, 3rd conj.admittere, admīserit | to let in, admit; to accept, receive; to commit (a fault or crime)English admit | 2 | 16 |
| adversus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.adversum | facing, opposite; opposed, hostile; unfavourable (rēs adversae, misfortune)English adverse | 1 | 42 |
| adversus (adversum)preposition + acc.adversus | towards, facing; against; in relation to, towards (a person)English adverse | 2 | 35 |
| advertō, advertere, advertī, adversumverb, 3rd conj.advertāmus | to turn towards; to turn the mind to, notice, take noteEnglish advert | 1 | 20 |
| advocō, advocāre, advocāvī, advocātumverb, 1st conj.advocēs | to call to, summon; to call in as a helper; to call upon (the gods)English advocate | 1 | 23 |
| aegrēadverbaegrē | with difficulty, hardly, scarcely; with displeasure; aegrē ferre, to take ill, resentfrom aeger "sick" | 3 | 27 |
| aegrōtō, aegrōtāre, aegrōtāvī, aegrōtātumverb, 1st conj.aegrōtantibus | to be ill, be sick; (of the mind) to be troubledfrom aeger "sick" | 1 | 55 |
| aegrōtus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.aegrōtī | sick, ill; (as noun) a sick person, patient | 1 | 55 |
| aemulor, aemulārī, aemulātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.aemulārī | to rival, strive to equal; to be jealous of, envyEnglish emulate | 1 | 16 |
| aequābilitās, aequābilitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.aequābilitātem | evenness, uniformity; equality (jūris aequābilitās, equality before the law) | 2 | 30 |
| aequanimitās, aequanimitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.aequanimitātem | evenness of mind, calmness, equanimity; patience, forbearanceEnglish equanimity | 1 | 50 |
| āēr, āeris m.noun, 3rd decl.āere, āerem | airEnglish air, aerial | 2 | 15 |
| Aesculāpius, Aesculāpiī m.proper noun, 2nd decl.aesculāpius | Aesculapius (Greek Asclepius), son of Apollo and god of healing, worshipped at Epidaurus and Pergamum, where the sick slept in his temple to receive cures in dreams; in 6.43 named for healing, as the Earth is for growing crops | 1 | 43 |
| aestimātiō, aestimātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.aestimātiōne | valuation, assessment; value, worthEnglish estimation | 1 | 16 |
| aestimō, aestimāre, aestimāvī, aestimātumverb, 1st conj.aestimās | to value, rate, set a price on (with a genitive of value: tantī, magnī); to judge, reckonEnglish estimate, esteem | 1 | 16 |
| aeternus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.aeternum, aeternō | eternal, everlasting; (ab aeternō) from all eternity; (in aeternum) for everEnglish eternal | 2 | 37 |
| aevum, aevī n.noun, 2nd decl.aevum, aevī | time, eternity; age, lifetime; an eramedium aevum, the Middle Ages: English medieval | 3 | 15 |
| affectiō, affectiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.affectiōnem | a state or condition (of body or mind); feeling, emotion; fondnessEnglish affection | 1 | 38 |
| affectus, affectūs m.noun, 4th decl.affectibus, affectuum, affectū | state of mind, disposition; feeling, passionEnglish affect, affection | 3 | 16 |
| afficiō, afficere, affēcī, affectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)affectus, affectīs, afficere, afficiunt | to affect, influence; (aliquem aliqua re) to treat someone with something, visit something on someoneEnglish affect | 5 | 14 |
| aggredior, aggredī, aggressus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj. (-ior)aggrediēbāre | to approach, go to; to undertake, set about; to attackEnglish aggression | 1 | 50 |
| agō, agere, ēgī, āctumverb, 3rd conj.agendum, agimus, aguntur, agēns, ēgerō | to do, act, perform; to drive, lead; to spend (time); (gerundive agendus) to be done; (impersonal pass., agitur cum aliquō) it goes (well or ill) with someoneEnglish agent, act | 5 | 2 |
| Alexander, Alexandrī m.proper noun, 2nd decl.alexander | Alexander: in 1.12 "the Platonist", a Greek rhetorician (probably Alexander of Seleucia) who was Marcus's secretary for Greek letters; in 1.10 Alexander of Cotiaeum, the grammarian, Marcus's teacher; in 3.3, 6.24 (Alexander Macedo), 8.3, 9.29 and 10.27 Alexander the Great (356–323 BC), king of Macedon, who conquered the Persian empire | 1 | 24 |
| aliāsadverbaliāsve | at another time; otherwise, in other respectsEnglish alias | 1 | 14 |
| aliēnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.aliēna, aliēnā | another's; foreign, strange; alien to, unsuited to (+ ā/ab and abl., or dat.)English alien | 2 | 36 |
| alimentum, alimentī n.noun, 2nd decl.alimentī | food, nourishmentfrom alō "nourish"; English aliment | 1 | 16 |
| aliquandōadverbaliquandō | at some time, once; sometimes; at last | 1 | 10 |
| aliquis, aliqua, aliquid (adj. aliquī, aliqua, aliquod)indefinite pronounalicui, aliquam, aliquid, aliquō | someone, something; (as adjective) some, any | 6 | 15 |
| aliteradverbaliter | otherwise, differently, in another way; aliter quam, otherwise thanfrom alius | 1 | 27 |
| alius, alia, aliud (gen. alterīus)adjective, irregularalia, aliam, aliud, alium, alius, aliās, aliī, aliīs, aliō | other, another; (pl.) others, other peopleEnglish alias, alien | 19 | 2 |
| allīdō, allīdere, allīsī, allīsumverb, 3rd conj.allīsō | to strike against, dash against (+ dat. or ad); (pass.) to be dashed, break against | 1 | 20 |
| alter, altera, alterum (gen. alterīus)pronominal adjectivealteram, alterum, alterīus | the one, the other (of two); a second; anotherEnglish alternate | 6 | 7 |
| alteruter, alterutra, alterutrum (gen. alterutrīus)pronoun (pronominal adjective)alterutrīus | one or the other (of two), eitheralter + uter | 1 | 41 |
| amārus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.amārum | bitter; harsh, sharp | 1 | 57 |
| ambiō, ambīre, ambīvī (ambiī), ambītumverb, 4th conj.ambit | to go round, surround, encircle; to canvass, solicitEnglish ambient, ambition | 1 | 43 |
| ambitiōsus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.ambitiōsus | eager for honour or favour, ambitious; courting popularityEnglish ambitious | 1 | 51 |
| amīcitia, amīcitiae f.noun, 1st decl.amīcitiīs | friendship; an alliancefrom amīcus "friend"; English amity | 1 | 30 |
| amīcus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.amīca | friendly, dear, welcomeEnglish amicable | 1 | 38 |
| amō, amāre, amāvī, amātumverb, 1st conj.amantem, amāns | to love, be fond of; (pres. part. amāns) loving, affectionate; (+ gen.) fond of, a lover ofEnglish amorous, amiable | 2 | 30 |
| amplē (comp. amplius, superl. amplissimē)adverbamplius | fully, abundantly; comp. amplius more, further, any longer | 1 | 41 |
| amplector, amplectī, amplexus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.amplectī | to embrace, clasp; to welcome, accept; to value, esteem | 1 | 44 |
| anconjunctionan | or (in questions); whether | 5 | 2 |
| angulus, angulī m.noun, 2nd decl.angulī | corner, angle; a nook, out-of-the-way placeEnglish angle | 1 | 36 |
| anima, animae f.noun, 1st decl.animae, animam, animā | breath, air; life, the life-breath; soulEnglish animate | 8 | 8 |
| animāns, animantis m., f. or n.noun, 3rd decl. (present participle of animō)animantibus | a living being, animal, creature | 1 | 23 |
| animus, animī m.noun, 2nd decl.animum, animī, animō | mind, spirit; heart, feelings; ex animō sincerelyEnglish animosity | 12 | 10 |
| annītor, annītī, annīxus (annīsus) sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.annītāmur | to lean against; to strive, exert oneself, try hard (+ inf. or ut)also spelled adnītor; compare nītor | 1 | 50 |
| annus, annī m.noun, 2nd decl.annōs | yearEnglish annual | 1 | 49 |
| Antōnīnus, Antōnīnī m.proper noun, 2nd decl.antōnīnus, antōnīnī | Antoninus Pius, emperor AD 138–161, Marcus's uncle by marriage and adoptive father, the "father" of 1.16, whose portrait is drawn again in 6.30; also Marcus's own name as emperor (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus), taken from his adoptive father when he came to the throne in 161, as in 6.44; in 6.26 the name itself, spelled out letter by letter as an example | 3 | 26 |
| apis, apis f.noun, 3rd decl.apī | a beeEnglish apiary | 1 | 54 |
| appendix, appendicis f.noun, 3rd decl.appendicēs | an appendage, addition, supplementEnglish appendix | 1 | 36 |
| appendō, appendere, appendī, appēnsumverb, 3rd conj.appēnsa | to hang (something) on, attach; to weigh out, pay outad "to" + pendō "hang, weigh"; English append | 1 | 9 |
| appetō, appetere, appetīvī, appetītumverb, 3rd conj.appetēbās | to strive after, seek, long for; to make for, attack; (pres. part. appetēns + gen.) desirous ofEnglish appetite | 1 | 50 |
| apprehendō, apprehendere, apprehendī, apprehēnsumverb, 3rd conj.apprehēnsū | to lay hold of, seize; to grasp (with the mind), understandEnglish apprehend | 1 | 17 |
| aptus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.aptum | fastened, joined; fit, suited, appropriate (ad + acc., or + dat.)English apt | 1 | 16 |
| apudpreposition + acc.apud | at, by, near; among, in the presence of; at the house of | 3 | 12 |
| aqua, aquae f.noun, 1st decl.aqua | water; aqua intercus, dropsyEnglish aquatic | 1 | 57 |
| arbitrium, arbitriī n.noun, 2nd decl.arbitrium, arbitriī | judgment, decision; will, choice; power, controlEnglish arbitrary | 2 | 41 |
| Archimēdēs, Archimēdis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.archimēdēs | Archimedes of Syracuse (c. 287–212 BC), mathematician and engineer, killed when the Romans took the city | 1 | 47 |
| architectus, architectī m.noun, 2nd decl.architectum | an architect, master builder; an inventor, designerfrom Greek architektōn; English architect | 1 | 35 |
| armentum, armentī n.noun, 2nd decl.armenta | a herd (of cattle or horses); cattle | 1 | 14 |
| arquātus, -a, -um (arcuātus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl.arquātum | rainbow-coloured; jaundiced (morbus arquātus, jaundice); (as noun) a man with jaundicefrom arcus "rainbow", for the yellow colour | 1 | 57 |
| arrogāns, arrogantisadjective, 3rd decl.arrogantia | assuming, arrogant, overbearingEnglish arrogant; the noun is arrogantia | 1 | 47 |
| ars, artis f.noun, 3rd decl.ars, artis, artium, artēsque | skill, craft, art; a method, technique; artificeEnglish art, artisan | 5 | 14 |
| artifex, artificis m.noun, 3rd decl.artificēs | a craftsman, artisan; an artist; a master, expertars "craft" + facere "make"; English artificer | 1 | 35 |
| Asia, Asiae f.proper noun, 1st decl.asia | Asia, one of the three continents of the ancient world, with Europe and Africa; to the Romans often the province of Asia, in western Asia Minor | 1 | 36 |
| assequor, assequī, assecūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.assequeris, assequī | to follow up, overtake; to reach, attain, achieve; to grasp, understand | 2 | 19 |
| assignō, assignāre, assignāvī, assignātumverb, 1st conj.assignātum | to assign, allot; to ascribeEnglish assign | 1 | 49 |
| assuēscō, assuēscere, assuēvī, assuētumverb, 3rd conj.assuēsce | to become accustomed, get used to (+ dat. or abl.); (with acc. and dat.) to accustom someone to | 1 | 53 |
| atconjunctionat | but, yet; at vērō, but surely, but indeed | 6 | 16 |
| Athōs, Athō m.proper noun, 2nd decl. (Greek)athōs | Mount Athos, the high mountain at the end of the easternmost peninsula of Chalcidice, in northern Greece | 1 | 36 |
| atomus, atomī f.noun, 2nd decl. (Greek)atomōs | an atom, an indivisible particle (of Epicurean physics)English atom | 1 | 24 |
| atque, acconjunctionac, atque | and, and also, and indeed; (after words of likeness or difference) as, thanac is the short form, used before consonants | 17 | 13 |
| atquīconjunctionatquī | but, and yet, however; now (bringing in the next step of an argument) | 1 | 27 |
| attingō, attingere, attigī, attāctumverb, 3rd conj.attingunt | to touch; to lay hands on (also of sexual contact); to reach; to touch on, concernEnglish attain | 1 | 13 |
| attractiō, attractiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.attractiō | a drawing to, drawing in; attractionfrom attrahō; English attraction | 1 | 15 |
| attribuō, attribuere, attribuī, attribūtumverb, 3rd conj.attribuunt | to assign, allot, give; to attributeEnglish attribute | 1 | 16 |
| auctor, auctōris m.noun, 3rd decl.autōrēs | author, writer; originator, founder; adviser; authorityEnglish author | 1 | 41 |
| audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītumverb, 4th conj.audiēns | to hear, listen to; to attend the lectures of, be a pupil ofEnglish audience | 1 | 2 |
| avicula, aviculae f.noun, 1st decl.aviculārum | a little birddiminutive of avis "bird" | 1 | 15 |
| avis, avis f.noun, 3rd decl.avis | a bird; an omen (from the flight of birds)English aviary, aviation | 1 | 13 |
| aula, aulae f.noun, 1st decl.aula | courtyard, hall; palace; the court of a ruler | 1 | 12 |
| aurīgō, aurīginis f.noun, 3rd decl.aurīgine | jaundicefrom aurum "gold", for the yellow colour | 1 | 57 |
| auscultō, auscultāre, auscultāvī, auscultātumverb, 1st conj.auscultārent | to listen to, hear attentively; (+ dat.) to heed, obeyEnglish auscultation | 1 | 55 |
| autconjunctionaut | or; (aut … aut) either … or | 22 | 10 |
| autemconjunctionautem | but, however; and, moreover (never first in its clause) | 9 | 14 |
| bellua (bēlua), belluae f.noun, 1st decl.belluārum | a beast, wild animal, monster; (of a person) a brute | 1 | 16 |
| beneadverbbene | well, rightly, properly; (bene sē habēre) to be well, be in good orderEnglish benefit, benediction | 3 | 16 |
| beneficium, beneficiī n.noun, 2nd decl.beneficiō | kindness, favour, benefit, service; (abl.) by the help, thanks toEnglish benefit, benefice | 1 | 30 |
| beneficus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.benefica | doing good, kind, generous, beneficentbene "well" + facere "do"; English beneficent | 1 | 30 |
| benevolēadverbbenevolē | kindly, with goodwillfrom benevolus; English benevolent | 1 | 47 |
| bīlis, bīlis f.noun, 3rd decl.bīlem | bile, gall; angerEnglish bile | 1 | 57 |
| bonus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.bona, bonum, bonō, melius, optimus | good; (masc. pl. as noun) good men, the good; (neut. pl.) good things, goodsEnglish bonus | 8 | 6 |
| brevis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.brevis | short, briefEnglish brevity | 1 | 30 |
| cadāver, cadāveris n.noun, 3rd decl.cadāver | a dead body, corpseEnglish cadaver | 1 | 13 |
| cadūcus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.cadūca, cadūcae | falling, ready to fall; perishable, short-livedfrom cadere 'to fall' | 2 | 36 |
| Caesareus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.caesareōs | of Caesar; of the emperors, imperialfrom Caesar; in 6.30 Gataker's phrase for Marcus's coined Greek verb "be Caesarified" | 1 | 30 |
| caeterum (cēterum)adverbcaeterum | for the rest; but, however, yet, in fact | 1 | 14 |
| calor, calōris m.noun, 3rd decl.calōre | warmth, heat; the heat of summerEnglish calorie | 1 | 2 |
| canis, canis m. and f.noun, 3rd decl.cane, canēs | a dogEnglish canine | 2 | 16 |
| capillus, capillī m.noun, 2nd decl.capillōs | the hair (of the head), a hair; the hair or wool of animalsEnglish capillary | 1 | 13 |
| caput, capitis n.noun, 3rd decl.capita, capite | head; life; chief point, chapter; capitalEnglish capital, chapter | 2 | 14 |
| carō, carnis f.noun, 3rd decl.carnem | flesh; pl. pieces of flesh, the bodyEnglish carnal | 1 | 28 |
| caveō, cavēre, cāvī, cautumverb, 2nd conj.cavē, cavēmus, cavēque, cavēre | to beware of, guard against; to take careEnglish caution, caveat | 5 | 3 |
| causa, causae f.noun, 1st decl.caussa, caussam, caussā | cause, reason; a case at law; (abl. causā + gen.) for the sake ofEnglish cause | 3 | 1 |
| celebrō, celebrāre, celebrāvī, celebrātumverb, 1st conj.celebrārī | to crowd, frequent; to celebrate, praise, make famousEnglish celebrate | 1 | 18 |
| cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsumverb, 2nd conj.cēnsuerimus | to assess, rate; to think, judge, be of the opinion; to propose, decreeEnglish census, censor | 1 | 41 |
| cernō, cernere, crēvī, crētumverb, 3rd conj.cernere | to sift, separate; to see, perceive, discern; to decideEnglish discern | 1 | 13 |
| Chrȳsippus, Chrȳsippī m.proper noun, 2nd decl.chrȳsippus | Chrysippus of Soli (c. 280–207 BC), third head of the Stoic school at Athens, who gave Stoic teaching its systematic form | 1 | 42 |
| cinaedus, cinaedī m.noun, 2nd decl.cinaedī | a catamite, a man who takes the passive part in sex with men (a term of contempt); a lewd dancerfrom Greek kinaidos | 1 | 34 |
| cinnus, cinnī m.noun, 2nd decl.cinnus | a mixed drink, a potion of several ingredients; a mixture, jumbleGataker's word for Greek kykeōn, a drink of barley, cheese and wine stirred together | 1 | 10 |
| circā (+ acc.)preposition + acc.circā | around, about; near; (of time and number) about; concerning, with regard toEnglish circa | 3 | 13 |
| circumstō, circumstāre, circumstetīverb, 1st conj.circumstantibus | to stand round, surround, encircle; (pres. part.) surrounding, attendantEnglish circumstance | 1 | 11 |
| citō (comp. citius, superl. citissimē)adverbcitissimē, citō | quickly, soon; easily, readilyfrom citus, quick | 3 | 4 |
| citrāpreposition + acc.citrā | on this side of; short of; (later Latin, often in Gataker) withoutGataker uses it as a synonym of sine | 2 | 20 |
| cīvīlis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.cīvīlem, cīvīlis | of citizens, civil, civic; public, political; social, courteousEnglish civil | 2 | 14 |
| cīvitās, cīvitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.cīvitās, cīvitātibus | city, state, community of citizens; citizenshipEnglish city | 2 | 44 |
| classis, classis f.noun, 3rd decl.classēs | a class, division (of the people); a group; a fleetEnglish class | 1 | 47 |
| cōgitātiō, cōgitātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.cōgitātiōnēs | thinking, thought; reflection; an ideaEnglish cogitation | 1 | 13 |
| cōgitō, cōgitāre, cōgitāvī, cōgitātumverb, 1st conj.cōgitā, cōgitāre | to think, consider, reflect; to intendEnglish cogitate | 6 | 13 |
| cognātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.cognāta | related by birth, kindred, akin; (as noun) a relativeEnglish cognate | 1 | 37 |
| cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctumverb, 3rd conj.coēgerit | to drive together, collect; to compel, forceEnglish cogent | 1 | 58 |
| cohaereō, cohaerēre, cohaesī, cohaesumverb, 2nd conj.cohaereant | to cling together, hang together; to be connected, bound up with (+ dat. or cum)English cohere, coherent | 1 | 44 |
| coitus, coitūs m.noun, 4th decl.coitū | a coming together, meeting; sexual intercoursefrom coeō "come together"; English coitus | 1 | 13 |
| collaudō, collaudāre, collaudāvī, collaudātumverb, 1st conj.collaudātus | to praise highly, extol, commendcon- + laudō, praise; English laud | 1 | 2 |
| collīmō, collīmāre, collīmāvī, collīmātumverb, 1st conj.collīmat | to aim, direct (at); to take aima later form of collīneō, from a misreading of it in manuscripts of Cicero; English collimate | 1 | 16 |
| colluviēs, colluviēī f.noun, 5th decl.colluviēque | washings, dregs, filth; a motley medley, a jumblefrom colluō "wash out" | 1 | 10 |
| colō, colere, coluī, cultumverb, 3rd conj.colendīs, colerēs, colis, colit, colēns | to till, cultivate; to tend, care for; to honour, worshipEnglish cult, cultivate | 5 | 12 |
| cōmitās, cōmitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.cōmitātem | courtesy, friendliness, kindness, affabilityfrom cōmis "courteous, kind" | 1 | 30 |
| committō, committere, commīsī, commissumverb, 3rd conj.committuntur | to bring together, join; to entrust, commit (+ dat., to); to commit (a crime), bring aboutEnglish commit | 1 | 20 |
| commoror, commorārī, commorātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.commorārī | to stay, linger, tarry, abidecom- + moror "delay" | 1 | 10 |
| commūniō, commūniōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.commūniōnī | sharing, fellowship, communityEnglish communion | 2 | 14 |
| commūnis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.commūnis, commūnī | common, shared, public; (+ gen. or dat.) common to; in commūne, for the common goodEnglish common, community | 4 | 35 |
| commūnitās, commūnitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.commūnitātem | community, fellowship; the common good; a sense of fellowshipfrom commūnis "common"; English community | 1 | 7 |
| compāgēs, compāgis f.noun, 3rd decl.compāgēs | a joining together, joint; a framework, structure, fabricfrom compingō "fasten together" | 1 | 10 |
| competō, competere, competīvī, competītumverb, 3rd conj.competit | to come together, coincide; to be suitable, belong to, be proper to (+ dat.)English compete, competent | 1 | 44 |
| comprobō, comprobāre, comprobāvī, comprobātumverb, 1st conj.comprobātū | to approve, sanction; to confirm, proveEnglish approve | 1 | 13 |
| cōnātus, cōnātūs m.noun, 4th decl.cōnātum | attempt, effort; impulse, inclinationfrom cōnor "try" | 1 | 50 |
| concēdō, concēdere, concessī, concessumverb, 3rd conj.concēdant, concēdere | to go away, withdraw; to give way to, yield to (+ dat.); to grant, allowEnglish concede | 2 | 35 |
| conchȳlium, conchȳliī n.noun, 2nd decl.conchȳliī | a shellfish; especially the murex or purple-fish; purple dye, purple clothfrom Greek konchylion; compare English conch | 1 | 13 |
| concursus, concursūs m.noun, 4th decl.concursū | a running together, concourse; meeting, combination, concurrence (concursus rērum, the run of circumstances)English concourse | 1 | 10 |
| conditiō, conditiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.conditiōnis | condition, state, situation; make-up, constitution; position in life, rank; termsGataker's spelling of condiciō; English condition | 1 | 16 |
| condō, condere, condidī, conditumverb, 3rd conj.condet, condiderat, condiderit, conditum | to put together, found, build; to put away, store; to bury; to hide | 5 | 40 |
| condūcibilis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.condūcibilis | profitable, advantageous, beneficial; (n. as noun) what is beneficialfrom condūcere "to be of benefit" | 1 | 45 |
| condūcō, condūcere, condūxī, conductumverb, 3rd conj.condūcat, condūcere, condūcit, condūcunt | to bring together; to hire; (+ dat.) to be useful, be of benefit toEnglish conducive | 8 | 27 |
| cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, collātumirregular verbcōnferentium, cōnferre, cōnfert, cōnferunt | to bring together, collect; to compare; to confer, bestow; sē cōnferre, to betake oneselfEnglish confer, collate | 5 | 42 |
| cōnfertē (superl. cōnfertissimē)adverbcōnfertissimē | closely, densely, in a crowdfrom cōnfertus "crowded" (cōnferciō "cram together"); the positive is hardly found | 1 | 48 |
| congener, gen. congenerisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)congenerī | of the same race or kind, akin; as a noun, a kinsmanEnglish congener | 1 | 14 |
| congruus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.congruō | agreeing, fitting, suitable, in harmonyfrom congruō "agree"; English congruous | 1 | 11 |
| conjungō, conjungere, conjūnxī, conjūnctumverb, 3rd conj.conjūnctōs | to join together, connect, unite; to bind (in friendship or marriage)Gataker's spelling of coniungō; English conjunction | 1 | 23 |
| connexiō, connexiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.connexiōnem | a binding together, connection, close unionEnglish connection | 2 | 38 |
| cōnor, cōnārī, cōnātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.cōnātur, cōnātus | to try, attempt, endeavourthe noun cōnātus "attempt" is from it | 2 | 42 |
| conqueror, conquerī, conquestus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.conquerī | to complain, lament (dē + abl., about) | 1 | 16 |
| cōnscius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.cōnsciō | sharing knowledge, privy to (+ gen. or dat.); (sibi cōnscius) conscious of one's own conduct, with a good or a guilty conscienceEnglish conscious, conscience | 1 | 30 |
| cōnsecūtiō, cōnsecūtiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.cōnsecūtiōne | a following; consequence, sequence (of cause and effect); (in logic) inferencefrom cōnsequor; English consecutive | 1 | 44 |
| cōnsentāneēadverbcōnsentāneē | agreeably, consistently, in keeping (with + dat.) | 1 | 14 |
| cōnsentāneus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.cōnsentāneum | agreeing with, in accord with, suited to (+ dat.)English consent | 1 | 44 |
| cōnsentiō, cōnsentīre, cōnsēnsī, cōnsēnsumverb, 4th conj.cōnsentientem | to agree, be in harmony (+ dat. or cum); to consentEnglish consent | 1 | 16 |
| cōnsequentia, cōnsequentiae f.noun, 1st decl.cōnsequentiam | a consequence, logical sequence, succession; per cōnsequentiam, as a consequenceEnglish consequence | 1 | 36 |
| cōnsequor, cōnsequī, cōnsecūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.cōnsequēns | to follow, go after; to go with, result from; to overtake, attainEnglish consequence | 1 | 38 |
| cōnservō, cōnservāre, cōnservāvī, cōnservātumverb, 1st conj.cōnservet | to keep safe, preserve, maintainEnglish conserve | 1 | 14 |
| cōnsīderō, cōnsīderāre, cōnsīderāvī, cōnsīderātumverb, 1st conj.cōnsīderāsset | to look at closely, examine; to reflect on, considerEnglish consider | 1 | 30 |
| cōnsilium, cōnsiliī n.noun, 2nd decl.cōnsilia, cōnsiliī | plan, purpose, intention; advice; judgement; councilEnglish counsel | 3 | 44 |
| cōnsistō, cōnsistere, cōnstitī, cōnstitumverb, 3rd conj.cōnsistere, cōnsistō | to stand still, stop; (in + abl.) to consist in, rest on; (ex + abl.) to be made up ofEnglish consist | 2 | 10 |
| cōnspectus, cōnspectūs m.noun, 4th decl.cōnspectū | sight, view; presencefrom cōnspiciō "catch sight of" | 1 | 15 |
| cōnspīrātiō, cōnspīrātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.cōnspīrātiōnem | a breathing together; agreement, harmony, concord; a plot, conspiracyfrom cōnspīrō; English conspiracy | 1 | 38 |
| cōnstāns, gen. cōnstantisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)cōnstantem | standing firm, steady, unchanging; consistent; resolutethe present participle of cōnstō; English constant | 1 | 30 |
| cōnstantia, cōnstantiae f.noun, 1st decl.cōnstantiam | steadiness, firmness, constancy; consistencyEnglish constancy | 1 | 30 |
| cōnstituō, cōnstituere, cōnstituī, cōnstitūtumverb, 3rd conj.cōnstituunt | to set up, establish; to appoint, ordain, decideEnglish constitute | 1 | 16 |
| cōnstitūtiō, cōnstitūtiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.cōnstitūtiōnī | constitution, make-up, nature; arrangement; ordinanceEnglish constitution | 1 | 44 |
| cōnstō, cōnstāre, cōnstitī, cōnstātūrusverb, 1st conj.cōnstō | to stand firm; to agree; to consist of (+ abl. or ex); impersonal cōnstat it is agreedEnglish constant | 1 | 32 |
| cōnsuētus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl. (participle of cōnsuēscō)cōnsuētō | accustomed, customary, usualEnglish custom (related) | 1 | 30 |
| cōnsulō, cōnsulere, cōnsuluī, cōnsultumverb, 3rd conj.cōnsulam, cōnsuluerint, cōnsuluērunt | to consult, ask advice of (+ acc.); to look after, take thought for (+ dat.); to deliberate, take counsel (dē + abl., about); bonī cōnsulere (+ acc.), to take in good part, accept with a good graceEnglish consult | 5 | 44 |
| contemptus, contemptūs m.noun, 4th decl.contemptum | contempt, scorn; contemptuī habēre, to hold in contemptEnglish contempt | 1 | 30 |
| contendō, contendere, contendī, contentumverb, 3rd conj.contende, contendimus, contendunt | to stretch, strain; to strive, hasten towards; to contend, compete; to assertEnglish contend | 3 | 16 |
| contentus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.contentus | content, satisfied (with + abl.)in form the perfect participle of contineō; English content | 2 | 30 |
| contineō, continēre, continuī, contentumverb, 2nd conj.contineat, continentur, contineātur | to hold together, contain, enclose; to keep in, restrainEnglish contain, continent | 5 | 9 |
| contingō, contingere, contigī, contāctumverb, 3rd conj.contigerit, contingunt | to touch; to reach; (with dat.) to happen to, befallEnglish contingent, contact | 4 | 8 |
| continuitās, continuitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.continuitātem | continuity, an unbroken seriesfrom continuus; English continuity | 1 | 38 |
| contrāadverbcontrā | opposite, face to face; on the other hand, on the contrary; in reply; (as preposition + acc.) againstEnglish contrary | 2 | 16 |
| contrīstō, contrīstāre, contrīstāvī, contrīstātumverb, 1st conj.contrīstārētur | to sadden, make gloomy, grievefrom trīstis "sad" | 1 | 18 |
| conturbō, conturbāre, conturbāvī, conturbātumverb, 1st conj.conturbābant | to throw into confusion, disturb, upset, trouble | 1 | 31 |
| conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventumverb, 4th conj.convenientium, convenīre | to come together, meet; to agree; to fit, suit, be appropriate (+ dat.)English convene, convenient | 2 | 10 |
| conversor, conversārī, conversātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.conversantēs | to live with, keep company with, have dealings with (cum + abl.)English conversation (first "living together") | 1 | 44 |
| convīciātor, convīciātōris m.noun, 3rd decl.convīciātor | a railer, reviler, one who heaps abuse on othersfrom convīcium "loud abuse" | 1 | 30 |
| convincō, convincere, convīcī, convictumverb, 3rd conj.convincere | to overcome in argument, refute; to prove (someone) wrong, convict; to prove, show clearlyEnglish convince, convict | 1 | 21 |
| convulsiō, convulsiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.convulsiōne | a cramp, spasm, convulsionfrom convellō "tear loose"; English convulsion | 1 | 13 |
| corpus, corporis n.noun, 3rd decl.corpore, corpus | body; matter; (pl.) material thingsEnglish corpse, corporal | 2 | 25 |
| corpusculum, corpusculī n.noun, 2nd decl.corpusculō | a little body; a particle, atom; (contemptuous) a poor bodydiminutive of corpus; English corpuscle | 2 | 32 |
| Cratēs, Cratētis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.cratēs | Crates of Thebes (c. 365–285 BC), Cynic philosopher, pupil of Diogenes and teacher of Zeno, the founder of the Stoa | 1 | 13 |
| crēdō, crēdere, crēdidī, crēditumverb, 3rd conj.crēdere | to believe, trust (+ dat.); to think, suppose; to entrustEnglish credit, creed | 1 | 44 |
| crūdēlis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.crūdēle | cruel, unfeeling, harshEnglish cruel | 1 | 27 |
| cruor, cruōris m.noun, 3rd decl.cruōre | blood (from a wound), gore | 1 | 13 |
| cultrīx, cultrīcis f.noun, 3rd decl.cultrīx | a (female) tiller, cultivator; one who tends or devotes herself to somethingfeminine of cultor, from colō | 1 | 14 |
| cumconjunctioncum | when; since; although; (cum … tum) both … and above all, not only … but also | 10 | 1 |
| cumpreposition + abl.cum | with; joined to the end of personal pronouns: mēcum, tēcum | 6 | 13 |
| cūnctus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.cūncta, cūnctīs | all, the whole; (n. pl. as noun) cūncta, all things, everything | 5 | 23 |
| cupiō, cupere, cupīvī, cupītumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)cupis | to desire, wish, long for, wantEnglish cupidity | 1 | 59 |
| cūradverbcūr | why? for what reason? | 1 | 10 |
| cūra, cūrae f.noun, 1st decl.cūrae, cūram | care, concern, attention; anxiety; cūram gerere, to take care (of + gen.)English cure, curator | 2 | 10 |
| cūrō, cūrāre, cūrāvī, cūrātumverb, 1st conj.cūrat | to care for, take care of, attend to; to see to it (that)English cure | 1 | 16 |
| dē (+ abl.)preposition + abl.dē | down from, from; about, concerning; for | 15 | 13 |
| dēbeō, dēbēre, dēbuī, dēbitumverb, 2nd conj.dēbeō | to owe; (+ inf.) ought, mustEnglish debt | 1 | 44 |
| dēclīnō, dēclīnāre, dēclīnāvī, dēclīnātumverb, 1st conj.dēclīnāre, dēclīnēmus | to turn aside, deviate; to avoid; (in grammar) to declineEnglish decline | 2 | 20 |
| dēficiō, dēficere, dēfēcī, dēfectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)dēficere, dēficiat | to fail, give out; to desert, revolt; to be lackingEnglish deficient, defect | 2 | 29 |
| dēgō, dēgere, dēgīverb, 3rd conj.dēgerīsque, dēgunt, dēgās | to pass, spend (time, life); to live | 3 | 40 |
| deincepsadverbdeinceps | afterwards, thereafter; one after another | 1 | 20 |
| dēlātiō, dēlātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.dēlātiōnēs | an accusation; information laid against someone, denunciation | 1 | 30 |
| dēlīberātiō, dēlīberātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.dēlīberātiō | deliberation, consideration, weighing up (dē + abl., about)English deliberation | 1 | 44 |
| dēmereor, dēmerērī, dēmeritus sumdeponent verb, 2nd conj.dēmereāris | to earn, deserve; to win the favour of, oblige | 1 | 59 |
| dēniqueadverbdēnique | finally, at last; in short; at least | 1 | 30 |
| dēnūdō, dēnūdāre, dēnūdāvī, dēnūdātumverb, 1st conj.dēnūdēmus | to lay bare, strip, uncover; to revealfrom nūdus "naked"; English denude | 1 | 13 |
| dēnuōadverbdēnuō | anew, afresh; againfrom dē novō | 2 | 10 |
| deorsumadverbdeorsum | downwards, down | 2 | 17 |
| dēprehendō, dēprehendere, dēprehendī, dēprehēnsumverb, 3rd conj.dēprehendēs | to seize, catch; to catch in the act, detect, findEnglish apprehend | 1 | 45 |
| dēscendō, dēscendere, dēscendī, dēscēnsumverb, 3rd conj.dēscende | to come down, go down, descend; to stoop (to)English descend | 1 | 47 |
| dēsīderō, dēsīderāre, dēsīderāvī, dēsīderātumverb, 1st conj.dēsīderem | to long for, desire; to miss, feel the lack ofEnglish desire | 1 | 10 |
| dēsinō, dēsinere, dēsiī, dēsitumverb, 3rd conj.dēsinēs | to stop, cease, leave off (+ inf.) | 1 | 16 |
| dēstinō, dēstināre, dēstināvī, dēstinātumverb, 1st conj.dēstinātus | to fix, make fast; to direct, aim; to assign, allot, destineEnglish destine, destination | 1 | 39 |
| dēsum, dēesse, dēfuī, dēfutūrusirregular verbdēfuerit | to be lacking, be missing; to fail, fall short (+ dat., someone)a compound of sum: dē + esse | 1 | 16 |
| deus, deī m.noun, 2nd decl.deum, deōs, diī, diīs | god; pl. dī, diī or deī, dat./abl. dīs or diīsEnglish deity | 9 | 16 |
| diaeta, diaetae f.noun, 1st decl.diaetae | a way of living, regimen; diet; a living roomfrom Greek diaita; English diet | 1 | 30 |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictumverb, 3rd conj.dīcentis, dīcuntur, dīxerit, dīxit | to say, tell, speak; to call, nameEnglish diction, dictate | 4 | 13 |
| diēcula, diēculae f.noun, 1st decl.diēculam | a little day, a brief day; a short delaydiminutive of diēs "day" | 1 | 47 |
| difficilis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.difficile | difficult, hard; (of people) hard to deal withEnglish difficult | 1 | 19 |
| dignitās, dignitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.dignitāsve | worth, merit; rank, standing; dignityEnglish dignity | 1 | 3 |
| dignus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.digna, dignissimae, dignum | worthy, deserving (of + abl., or with a supine in -ū); fitting, appropriateEnglish dignity | 5 | 13 |
| dīligō, dīligere, dīlēxī, dīlēctumverb, 3rd conj.dīligere, dīligās | to value highly, esteem, loveEnglish predilection | 2 | 15 |
| dīrēctēadverbdīrēctē | in a straight line, straight; directlyEnglish direct | 1 | 36 |
| disciplīna, disciplīnae f.noun, 1st decl.disciplīnae | teaching, instruction; learning, a branch of knowledge; training, disciplineEnglish discipline | 1 | 16 |
| discipulus, discipulī m.noun, 2nd decl.discipulus | pupil, student; disciple, followerEnglish disciple | 1 | 30 |
| discursus, discursūs m.noun, 4th decl.discursuī | a running to and fro; (of the mind) a ranging from thought to thought, reasoningEnglish discursive | 1 | 28 |
| disertus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.disertī | skilful in speaking, eloquent, fluent | 1 | 47 |
| dispōnō, dispōnere, disposuī, dispositumverb, 3rd conj.dispōnere | to set in different places; to arrange, set in order, disposeEnglish dispose | 1 | 2 |
| dispositiō, dispositiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.dispositiō | arrangement, ordering; (in rhetoric) the arrangement of materialEnglish disposition | 1 | 30 |
| dissipātiō, dissipātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.dissipātiō | a scattering, dispersal; dissolution, destructionfrom dissipō "scatter"; English dissipation | 1 | 10 |
| dissipō, dissipāre, dissipāvī, dissipātumverb, 1st conj.dissipābuntur, dissipātārum, dissipātī | to scatter, disperse; to break up, destroy; to squanderEnglish dissipate | 3 | 4 |
| distinguō, distinguere, distīnxī, distīnctumverb, 3rd conj.distinguere | to separate, divide; to distinguish, tell apart; to mark, set offEnglish distinguish, distinct | 1 | 32 |
| dīversus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.dīversa | turned different ways; different, other; opposite, contraryEnglish diverse | 1 | 43 |
| dīvīnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.dīvīnam, dīvīnius | divine, of a god; godlikeEnglish divine | 2 | 17 |
| dō, dare, dedī, datumverb, 1st conj.datur, dētur | to give, grant, allow; datur, it is grantedEnglish data, donate | 2 | 13 |
| doceō, docēre, docuī, doctumverb, 2nd conj.docē | to teach, instruct; to show, demonstrateEnglish doctor, doctrine | 1 | 27 |
| domō, domāre, domuī, domitumverb, 1st conj.domat | to tame, break in; to subdue, masterEnglish indomitable | 1 | 16 |
| dormiō, dormīre, dormīvī, dormītumverb, 4th conj.dormientēs | to sleep, be asleepEnglish dormant, dormitory | 1 | 42 |
| dormītūriō, dormītūrīreverb, 4th conj.dormītūriēns | to want to sleep, be sleepya verb of desire made from dormiō "sleep", like ēsuriō "be hungry" from edō "eat" | 1 | 2 |
| dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductumverb, 3rd conj.dūcunt | to lead, guide, draw; to consider, thinkEnglish duct, conduct | 1 | 16 |
| dumconjunctiondum | while; as long as; until; provided that | 4 | 16 |
| dūrō, dūrāre, dūrāvī, dūrātumverb, 1st conj.dūrantis | to harden; to endure, hold out; to last, continueEnglish durable, endure | 1 | 47 |
| ecquis, ecquid (adj. ecquī, ecqua or ecquae, ecquod)interrogative pronounecquem, ecquid | is there anyone who?, anyone?, anything?; (as adjective) any … at all? (usually expecting the answer no) | 6 | 16 |
| ēdō, ēdere, ēdidī, ēditumverb, 3rd conj.ēdimus | to give out, put forth; to publish; to produce, perform; (operās ēdere) to render servicesEnglish edit; not edō, "eat" | 1 | 20 |
| edūlium, edūliī n.noun, 2nd decl.edūliīs | something to eat, food (mostly plural)from edō "eat"; English edible | 1 | 13 |
| effascinō, effascināre, effascināvī, effascinātumverb, 1st conj.effascinat | to bewitch, fascinate, cast a spell onfrom fascinum "a spell"; English fascinate | 1 | 13 |
| effectiō, effectiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.effectiōnis | a doing, performing, bringing about; activity; (in philosophy) an efficient causefrom efficiō 'bring about'; English effect | 1 | 42 |
| effectus, effectūs m.noun, 4th decl.effectum | a doing, carrying out; result, effect, end achievedfrom efficiō; English effect | 1 | 42 |
| efficiō, efficere, effēcī, effectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)effectū, efficiendum | to bring about, cause, make; to accomplish; to make (something) soEnglish effect, efficient | 2 | 19 |
| effugiō, effugere, effūgī, effugitumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)effugere | to flee away, escape; to avoid, shun | 1 | 52 |
| ego, meī; dat. mihi; acc. and abl. mēpersonal pronounego, egomet, mihi, mē | I, me; mēcum with meEnglish ego | 15 | 10 |
| ejusmodī (ejus modī)indeclinable adjective (genitive of is modus)ejusmodī | of that kind, of such a sort, such; ejusmodī … quī, such as to … | 3 | 13 |
| elementum, elementī n.noun, 2nd decl.elementa | element, first principle; (pl.) the elements, the first beginnings of thingsEnglish element | 2 | 17 |
| ēliciō, ēlicere, ēlicuī, ēlicitumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)ēliciendī | to draw out, lure out; to bring out, elicit, find outEnglish elicit | 1 | 52 |
| encōmium, encōmiī n.noun, 2nd decl. (Greek)encōmiīs | a speech of praise, eulogy; (pl.) praisesGreek enkōmion; English encomium | 1 | 18 |
| enimconjunctionenim | for, because; indeed, truly (second in its clause) | 26 | 9 |
| ēnīxēadverbēnīxē | with great effort, strenuously, earnestlyfrom ēnītor "struggle out, strive" | 2 | 30 |
| ēnumerō, ēnumerāre, ēnumerāvī, ēnumerātumverb, 1st conj.ēnumerāre | to count up, count out; to go through one by one, recountEnglish enumerate | 1 | 26 |
| eōadverbeō | to that place, thither; to that point, so far (eō … ut, so far that); for that reasonin origin an old case form of is | 2 | 15 |
| eōdemadverbeōdem | to the same place; to the same point; (with locī) in the same place: eōdem locī | 1 | 30 |
| equus, equī m.noun, 2nd decl.equōs | a horseEnglish equine | 1 | 16 |
| ergōadverbergō | therefore, then, consequently | 6 | 2 |
| error, errōris m.noun, 3rd decl.errōre, errōrem, errōremque | a wandering; a mistake, error; delusionEnglish error | 3 | 21 |
| etconjunctionet | and; also, too, even; et … et, both … and | 77 | 1 |
| etenimconjunctionetenim | for, for indeed, and in fact | 2 | 16 |
| etiamadverbetiam | also, too; even; still, yet | 15 | 2 |
| etiamsīconjunctionetiamsī | even if, although | 3 | 12 |
| ēvānidus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.ēvānida | vanishing, passing away, fleetingfrom ēvānēscō "vanish"; English evanescent | 1 | 36 |
| Eudoxus, Eudoxī m.proper noun, 2nd decl.eudoxus | Eudoxus of Cnidus (4th century BC), mathematician and astronomer | 1 | 47 |
| ēvehō, ēvehere, ēvēxī, ēvectumverb, 3rd conj.ēvehī | to carry out, convey forth; to raise, lift up, promote (to an honour) | 1 | 13 |
| Eurōpa, Eurōpae f. (also Eurōpē, Eurōpēs)proper noun, 1st decl.eurōpa | Europe, the continent; in myth, the princess carried off by Jupiter in the form of a bull | 1 | 36 |
| ē, expreposition + abl.ex, ē | out of, from; made of; since; in accordance with; ex animō sincerely | 9 | 2 |
| exāmen, exāminis n.noun, 3rd decl.exāminī | a swarm; the tongue of a balance; weighing, testing, examinationEnglish examine | 1 | 54 |
| excēdō, excēdere, excessī, excessumverb, 3rd conj.excessērunt | to go out, depart, withdraw (from + abl.); to go beyond, exceedEnglish exceed | 1 | 56 |
| exceptiō, exceptiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.exceptiōne | an exception, restriction; (Stoic) a reservation, the condition 'if nothing prevents' attached to an aim; (in Gataker, for Greek apodochē) a receiving, acceptance, from excipiō "receive"English exception | 1 | 50 |
| excernō, excernere, excrēvī, excrētumverb, 3rd conj.excernere | to sift out, separate; to void, discharge from the bodyEnglish excrete | 2 | 16 |
| excidō, excidere, excidīverb, 3rd conj.exciderīs | to fall out, fall away; to slip out; to be lost; (+ abl.) to fall from, lose, miss (not excīdō, cut out)ex + cadō, fall | 1 | 41 |
| excipiō, excipere, excēpī, exceptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)excipī | to take out, except; to receive, welcome; to take up, catchEnglish except | 2 | 16 |
| excrētiō, excrētiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.excrētiōnem | a sifting out, separation; a discharge, excretionfrom excernō "sift out, discharge"; English excretion | 1 | 13 |
| excutiō, excutere, excussī, excussumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)excussō | to shake out, shake off; to throw (a rider), knock out; to examine closelyex + quatiō "shake" | 1 | 31 |
| exerceō, exercēre, exercuī, exercitumverb, 2nd conj.exercendum | to keep busy, train, exercise; to practise, carry on (enmities, a trade); (sē exercēre) to exercise oneselfEnglish exercise | 1 | 20 |
| exercitium, exercitiī n.noun, 2nd decl.exercitium | exercise, training; (pl.) exercises, practices of self-discipline | 1 | 50 |
| exhālātiō, exhālātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.exhālātiō, exhālātiōnem | a breathing out; an exhalation, vapourfrom exhālō "breathe out"; English exhalation | 2 | 4 |
| exhibeō, exhibēre, exhibuī, exhibitumverb, 2nd conj.exhibet, exhibita | to hold out, present; to display, show; to put on (shows); sē exhibēre to show oneselfEnglish exhibit | 2 | 15 |
| exigō, exigere, exēgī, exāctumverb, 3rd conj.exāctae, exēgerit | to drive out; to demand, require; to finish, spend (time)English exact, exigent | 2 | 23 |
| exīstimō, exīstimāre, exīstimāvī, exīstimātumverb, 1st conj.exīstimandumque, exīstimēs | to value, estimate; to judge, consider, think, supposeEnglish estimate | 3 | 19 |
| existō (exsistō), existere, extitī, —verb, 3rd conj.existit | to come forth, emerge; to arise, appear; to be, exist; to prove to beEnglish exist | 1 | 14 |
| expergīscor, expergīscī, experrēctus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.expergīscere | to wake up, awake; to rouse oneself | 1 | 31 |
| expers, expertisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)expertem, expertia | having no share in, free from, without (+ gen.) | 2 | 22 |
| explōrātor, explōrātōris m.noun, 3rd decl.explōrātor | one who searches out, examiner, investigator; a scout, spyEnglish explorer | 1 | 30 |
| exsequor, exsequī, exsecūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.exequerentur, exequor | to follow out; to carry out, perform, execute; to pursueEnglish execute | 2 | 22 |
| exserō, exserere, exseruī, exsertumverb, 3rd conj.exerentēs | to put forth, stretch out, thrust out; sē exserere, to show oneself, come out | 1 | 48 |
| exsors, exsortisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)exortibus | having no share in, without part in (+ gen.); chosen out, specialex + sors "lot, share" | 1 | 23 |
| exteriusadverb (comparative)exterius | on the outside, outwardly; from withoutcomparative of extrā "outside"; English exterior | 1 | 9 |
| extrāpreposition + acc. (also adverb)extrā | outside, beyond; apart from, exceptEnglish extra, extraordinary | 2 | 9 |
| fābula, fābulae f.noun, 1st decl.fābulā | a story, tale; a play, drama; talk, gossipEnglish fable | 1 | 42 |
| facilis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.facile, facilia, facilis, facilī | easy; ready, quick (to); good-natured, easy-goingEnglish facile, facility | 4 | 12 |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)fac, facere, facerent, faciat, faciendum, facimus, facis, facit, facitō, faciunt, faciāmus, factūrus, fēceris | to make, do; to cause; to make (someone or something) soEnglish fact, factory | 26 | 2 |
| facultās, facultātis f.noun, 3rd decl.facultātem | capability, power, faculty; opportunity; means, resourcesEnglish faculty | 1 | 15 |
| Falernum, Falernī n.proper noun, 2nd decl.falernō | Falernian wine (vīnum Falernum), from the ager Falernus in northern Campania, the most famous and costly wine of Italythe adjective Falernus "Falernian" used as a noun, with vīnum "wine" understood | 1 | 13 |
| fastus, fastūs m.noun, 4th decl.fastus | pride, haughtiness, arrogance, disdain | 1 | 13 |
| ferō, ferre, tulī, lātumirregular verbferantur, ferendum, fers, fertur, feruntur, ferās, tulerit | to carry, bear; to bring; to endure; (pass.) to be carried, rushEnglish transfer, ferry | 9 | 17 |
| festīnēadverbfestīnē | hastily, in a hurryfrom festīnus "hasty" | 1 | 30 |
| fīcus, fīcī and fīcūs f.noun, 2nd and 4th decl.fīcūs | a fig; a fig treeEnglish fig | 1 | 14 |
| fīnis, fīnis m.noun, 3rd decl.fīnem | end, limit, boundary; goal, purpose; (pl.) territoryEnglish final, finish | 1 | 28 |
| fīō, fierī, factus sumirregular verbfierī, fit, fīant, fīet, fīunt, fīēs | to be made, be done; to become; to happen, take place | 12 | 1 |
| firmus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.firmus | strong, firm, steady; steadfast, constantEnglish firm | 1 | 10 |
| flūmen, flūminis n.noun, 3rd decl.flūmine | river, stream; a flow, floodfrom fluō "flow"; English fluent | 1 | 15 |
| fluxus, fluxūs m.noun, 4th decl.fluxūs | a flowing, flow; flux, transiencefrom fluō "flow"; compare the adjective fluxus; English flux | 1 | 15 |
| fōrma, fōrmae f.noun, 1st decl.fōrmā | shape, form, figure; beauty; (in philosophy) form, what makes a thing what it is, as against its matterEnglish form | 1 | 14 |
| formīdābilis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.formīdābilis | terrible, fearful, causing dreadEnglish formidable | 1 | 57 |
| fortuītus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.fortuītō | happening by chance, accidental, casualEnglish fortuitous | 1 | 10 |
| foveō, fovēre, fōvī, fōtumverb, 2nd conj.fōtus | to warm; to cherish, foster, keep aliveEnglish foment | 1 | 2 |
| frequenter (comp. frequentius, superl. frequentissimē)adverbfrequentissimē | often, frequently; in great numbersfrom frequēns "frequent" | 1 | 12 |
| frētus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.frētus | relying on, trusting in, confident in (+ abl.) | 1 | 10 |
| frictiō, frictiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.frictiōnem | a rubbing, friction; massagefrom fricō "rub"; English friction | 1 | 13 |
| frīgus, frīgoris n.noun, 3rd decl.frīgore | cold, chill, coldness; winterEnglish frigid | 1 | 2 |
| frūctus, frūctūs m.noun, 4th decl.frūctus | fruit, produce; profit, return; enjoymentEnglish fruit; from fruor "enjoy" | 1 | 30 |
| fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)fugiat | to flee, run away; to pass swiftly; to avoidEnglish fugitive | 1 | 3 |
| gaudeō, gaudēre, gāvīsus sumsemi-deponent verb, 2nd conj.gāvīsus | to rejoice, be glad, be pleased; to delight inEnglish joy (through French), gaudy | 1 | 30 |
| generālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.generālissima | of a kind or class; general, common to all of a kindEnglish general | 1 | 14 |
| genuīnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.genuīnō | innate, natural, inborn; genuineEnglish genuine | 1 | 30 |
| genus, generis n.noun, 3rd decl.generis | birth, descent; race, stock; kind, sort, class; genus hūmānum, the human raceEnglish genus, general | 1 | 47 |
| gerō, gerere, gessī, gestumverb, 3rd conj.geram, geratque, gerendī, gerunt, gerāmus, gestīs | to carry, bear; to carry on, manage; to have, show (a feeling); cūram gerere, to take careEnglish gesture | 6 | 14 |
| glēbula, glēbulae f.noun, 1st decl.glēbula | a little lump, small clod (diminutive of glēba) | 1 | 36 |
| glōria, glōriae f.noun, 1st decl.glōriae | glory, fame, renown; vainglory, boastingEnglish glory | 1 | 30 |
| glōriola, glōriolae f.noun, 1st decl.glōriolam | a little glory, a bit of fame (diminutive of glōria, often scornful) | 1 | 16 |
| grātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.grātum | pleasing; grateful, thankful (+ dat.)English grateful | 1 | 16 |
| gravis, graveadjective, 3rd decl.gravem, gravis | heavy; serious, grievous; severe; weighty, importantEnglish grave, gravity | 2 | 13 |
| gregātimadverbgregātim | in flocks, in herds; in crowdsfrom grex "flock" | 1 | 16 |
| grex, gregis m.noun, 3rd decl.gregēs | a flock, herd; a band, companyEnglish gregarious | 1 | 14 |
| gubernātor, gubernātōris m.noun, 3rd decl.gubernātōrī | a helmsman, pilot; a director, governorEnglish governor | 1 | 55 |
| guttula, guttulae f.noun, 1st decl.guttula | a little drop, droplet (diminutive of gutta "drop")English gutter (from gutta) | 1 | 36 |
| habeō, habēre, habuī, habitumverb, 2nd conj.habeant, habeat, habendum, habent, habet, habeāmus, habeās, habitā, habitīs, habueris, habuerit, habuerīs, habēbat, habēmus, habēns, habēre, habērēs | to have, hold, keep; to consider, regard (habere aliquid suspectum: to regard something as suspect); (opus habere) to need; (sē habēre) to be (in some state), be disposed; (perinde habet, without sē) it is all the sameEnglish habit | 29 | 1 |
| haudadverbhaud | not, not at all; haud paucī, not a few | 1 | 17 |
| hauriō, haurīre, hausī, haustumverb, 4th conj.hauserās | to draw (water, air); to drink up, drain; to take inEnglish exhaust | 1 | 15 |
| Hēraclītus, Hēraclītī m.proper noun, 2nd decl.hēraclītus | Heraclitus of Ephesus (c. 500 BC), the philosopher who taught that all things flow, that fire is the stuff of the world, and that the world will end in fire; he compared men who do not grasp the common order to sleepers, yet said that even sleepers are workers in what happens in the world (6.42) | 2 | 42 |
| herī (here)adverbherī | yesterday | 1 | 15 |
| hērōs, hērōis m.noun, 3rd decl. (Greek)hērōēs | a demigod, hero; a man of the heroic age; a great manEnglish hero | 1 | 47 |
| hic, haec, hocdemonstrative pronounhaec, hanc, hic, hoc, hujus, hujusce, hunc, hāc, hārum, hīs, hīsce, hōc, hōrum, hōs | this, this here; the latter; he, she, it | 50 | 1 |
| Hipparchus, Hipparchī m.proper noun, 2nd decl.hipparchus | Hipparchus of Nicaea (2nd century BC), the great astronomer, who catalogued the stars | 1 | 47 |
| homō, hominis m.noun, 3rd decl.hominem, hominibus, hominis, hominisque, hominum, hominēs, hominī, homō | human being, person, manEnglish homicide, Homo sapiens | 18 | 14 |
| honor (honōs), honōris m.noun, 3rd decl.honōre | honour, esteem; public office; rewardEnglish honour | 1 | 16 |
| hōra, hōrae f.noun, 1st decl.hōra, hōrae | an hour; a time, season; hōra novissima, the last hourEnglish hour | 2 | 23 |
| hostis, hostis m.noun, 3rd decl.hoste | an enemy, foe (especially a public enemy); (early Latin) a strangerEnglish hostile | 1 | 20 |
| hujusmodī (hujus modī)indeclinable adjective (genitive of hic modus)hujusmodī | of this kind, of such a sort, such | 2 | 15 |
| jamadverbjam | now, already; jam statim at once, at any moment | 9 | 15 |
| ibiadverbibi, ibique | there, in that place; then | 3 | 12 |
| īdem, eadem, idemdemonstrative pronouneadem, ejusdem, ejusdemque, eundem, eundemque, eāsdem, eāsdemque, eīdem, eīsdem, eōdem, eōdemque, idem, idemque | the same; (often) also, likewiseEnglish identical | 21 | 1 |
| ideōadverbideō | for that reason, therefore; ideō … quia, for this reason … because | 1 | 19 |
| igiturconjunctionigitur | therefore, then, accordingly | 6 | 13 |
| ignōrantia, ignōrantiae f.noun, 1st decl.ignōrantiā | want of knowledge, ignoranceEnglish ignorance | 1 | 21 |
| ille, illa, illuddemonstrative pronounilla, illam, ille, illud, illā, illārum, illī, illīs, illīus, illīusque, illōs | that; he, she, it; (of someone well known) that famous | 35 | 10 |
| imāgō, imāginis f.noun, 3rd decl.imāginēs | image, likeness, portrait; idea, picture (in the mind); ghostEnglish image, imagine | 2 | 16 |
| imitor, imitārī, imitātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.imitāre | to imitate, copy; to follow the example ofEnglish imitate | 2 | 30 |
| immeritōadverbimmeritō | undeservedly, unjustly, without causefrom immeritus "undeserving" | 1 | 30 |
| immolō, immolāre, immolāvī, immolātumverb, 1st conj.immolēmus | to sprinkle (a victim) with sacred meal; to sacrifice, offerin + mola "sacred meal"; English immolate | 1 | 44 |
| immūnis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.immūnis | exempt; free (from + abl. or gen.); untouched byEnglish immune | 1 | 16 |
| impellō, impellere, impulī, impulsumverb, 3rd conj.impelleret, impellī | to strike against; to push, drive forward; to urge, impelEnglish impel, impulse | 2 | 16 |
| imperātor, imperātōris m.noun, 3rd decl.imperātōrēs | a commander, general; (later) emperorEnglish emperor | 1 | 47 |
| imperītus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.imperītīs | inexperienced, unskilled, ignorant; (m. pl. as noun) the ignorant | 1 | 35 |
| impingō, impingere, impēgī, impāctumverb, 3rd conj.impēgerit | to dash against, drive into; to strike against, stumble; (of a ship) to run agroundEnglish impinge, impact | 1 | 20 |
| impius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.impium | undutiful, irreverent; wicked, impious (towards gods, country or kin)in- "not" + pius; English impious | 1 | 44 |
| implectō, implectere, implexī, implexumverb, 3rd conj.implexa, implexārum | to plait in, weave together, entwine; (perf. part. implexus) interwoven with, entangled inin + plectō "plait" | 2 | 10 |
| impōnō, impōnere, imposuī, impositumverb, 3rd conj.impōnit | to place on, put upon; to impose, lay on (+ dat.)English impose | 1 | 28 |
| impostor, impostōris m.noun, 3rd decl.impostor | a deceiver, cheat, impostorlate Latin, from impōnō "impose upon, deceive" | 1 | 13 |
| impressiō, impressiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.impressiōnī | a pressing in, impression; (of the senses) the impression made on them by thingsEnglish impression | 1 | 28 |
| imprimō, imprimere, impressī, impressumverb, 3rd conj.impressās | to press upon, stamp, imprint; to impress (on the mind)English impress, imprint | 1 | 16 |
| impulsus, impulsūs m.noun, 4th decl.impulsuī | a push, shock, pressure; an impulse, incitementEnglish impulse | 1 | 28 |
| in (+ acc. or abl.)preposition + acc. or abl.in | with abl.: in, on, among; in the case of; with acc.: into, onto, against, towards | 62 | 1 |
| inanimis, -e (also inanimus, -a, -um)adjective, 3rd decl.inanima | lifeless, inanimate, without a soulin- "not" + anima "breath, life"; English inanimate | 1 | 22 |
| inānis, ināneadjective, 3rd decl.inānis | empty, void (of + gen. or abl.); vain, uselessEnglish inane | 1 | 30 |
| incidō, incidere, incidī, incāsumverb, 3rd conj.inciderīs | to fall into or upon (in + acc.); to happen, occur; to come upon (not incīdō 'cut into')English incident | 1 | 41 |
| incipiō, incipere, incēpī, inceptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)inciperet | to begin, start (+ inf.)English incipient, inception | 1 | 15 |
| incumbō, incumbere, incubuī, incubitumverb, 3rd conj.incumbit | to lean on, lie upon; to press upon, weigh on (+ dat.); to apply oneself toEnglish incumbent | 1 | 14 |
| incūsō, incūsāre, incūsāvī, incūsātumverb, 1st conj.incūsandī, incūsēs | to accuse, blame, find fault with, complain offrom in + causa; compare accūsō | 2 | 41 |
| indāgō, indāgāre, indāgāvī, indāgātumverb, 1st conj.indāgandīs | to track down, trace out, investigate | 1 | 30 |
| indeadverbinde | from there, thence; from that source; then, after that | 2 | 44 |
| indidemadverbindidem | from the same place, from the same sourceinde "from there" + -dem, as in īdem | 1 | 36 |
| indifferēns, gen. indifferentisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)indifferentia | indifferent: neither good nor bad (the Stoics' adiaphora); making no differenceEnglish indifferent | 3 | 32 |
| indignātiō, indignātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.indignātiōne, indignātiōnem, indignātiōnis | indignation, resentment, displeasureEnglish indignation | 3 | 20 |
| industria, industriae f.noun, 1st decl.industriam | diligence, activity, energy; dē industriā, on purposeEnglish industry | 1 | 48 |
| industrius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.industria | diligent, hard-working, activeEnglish industrious; the noun is industria | 1 | 47 |
| ineō, inīre, iniī (inīvī), initumirregular verbineunt | to go into, enter; to enter upon, begin; (cōnsilium inīre) to form a plan, take counselin + eō "go"; English initial | 2 | 44 |
| īnferō, īnferre, intulī, illātumirregular verbīnferentī | to carry in, bring in; to inflict; to inferEnglish infer | 1 | 6 |
| īnficiō, īnficere, īnfēcī, īnfectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)īnficiāris | to dye, stain, colour; to taint, infect, corruptEnglish infect; not the deponent īnfitior "deny" | 1 | 30 |
| ingenium, ingeniī n.noun, 2nd decl.ingenia | natural disposition, character; natural ability, talent, mindEnglish ingenious | 1 | 47 |
| ingerō, ingerere, ingessī, ingestumverb, 3rd conj.ingerentēs | to carry in, pour in, heap on; (sē ingerere) to thrust oneself in, intrudeEnglish ingest | 1 | 48 |
| inimīcitia, inimīcitiae f.noun, 1st decl.inimīcitiās | enmity, hostility; (pl.) enmities, feudsfrom inimīcus, enemy | 1 | 41 |
| inīquēadverbinīquē | unequally, unfairly; inīquē ferre to take badly, resentEnglish iniquity | 1 | 41 |
| injūria, injūriae f.noun, 1st decl.injūriam | a wrong, injustice, injury; an insult, outragein- "not" + jūs "right"; English injury | 1 | 6 |
| injūstus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.injūstīsque | unjust, wrongful; (as noun) an unjust manin- "not" + jūstus; Gataker writes j | 1 | 47 |
| inquam, inquis, inquitdefective verbinquam, inquis | I say; say I (inserted into quoted words or for emphasis) | 3 | 27 |
| īnscius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.īnsciī | not knowing, unaware, ignorant (of + gen.)in- "not" + sciō "know" | 1 | 42 |
| īnsidiae, īnsidiārum f. pl.noun, 1st decl. (plural only)īnsidiās | an ambush; a plot, snare, trap; īnsidiās struere, to lay a plotEnglish insidious | 1 | 16 |
| īnsidiātor, īnsidiātōris m.noun, 3rd decl.īnsidiātōrem | one who lies in wait, a waylayer; a plotterfrom īnsidiae "ambush" | 1 | 20 |
| īnstar n. (indeclinable)noun, indeclinableīnstar | an image, likeness; (+ gen.) the size of, like, equal to; īnstar obtinēre, to be worth as much as | 2 | 12 |
| īnstitūtiō, īnstitūtiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.īnstitūtiōnēs | arrangement; instruction, education, training; a way of lifeEnglish institution | 1 | 16 |
| īnstitūtum, īnstitūtī n.noun, 2nd decl.īnstitūtō | a practice, custom; an institution, ordinanceEnglish institute | 1 | 29 |
| īnstō, īnstāre, īnstitīverb, 1st conj.īnstāns | to stand on or over; to press on, pursue; to be at hand, be close, threatenEnglish instant | 1 | 36 |
| īnstrūmentum, īnstrūmentī n.noun, 2nd decl.īnstrūmentum | tool, implement, instrument; equipment; meansEnglish instrument | 1 | 40 |
| īnsuperadverbīnsuper | above, on top; besides, in addition | 2 | 14 |
| integer, integra, integrumadjective, 1st/2nd decl.integrum | whole, untouched, unharmed; pure, uprightEnglish integrity | 1 | 30 |
| intelligō, intelligere, intellēxī, intellēctumverb, 3rd conj.intelligentēs, intellēxeris | to understand, perceive, realiseEnglish intelligent | 2 | 31 |
| intendō, intendere, intendī, intentumverb, 3rd conj.intendit | to stretch, strain; to direct, turn (towards); (animum, or alone, + ad) to attend to, apply one's mind toEnglish intend, intent | 1 | 16 |
| intēnsiō, intēnsiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.intēnsiōne | a stretching, straining, tension; vōcis intēnsiō, a raising of the voiceEnglish intensity | 1 | 26 |
| inter (+ acc.)preposition + acc.inter | between, among; during; inter sē, with or to one anotherEnglish inter-, international | 1 | 20 |
| interiusadverb (comparative)interius | on the inside, inwardly, withincomparative of intrā "within"; English interior | 1 | 9 |
| interminātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.interminātum | unbounded, endless, without limitEnglish interminable | 1 | 15 |
| intermittō, intermittere, intermīsī, intermissumverb, 3rd conj.intermissa | to leave a gap; to interrupt, break off, leave offEnglish intermittent | 1 | 15 |
| intersum, interesse, interfuīirregular verbinteresse | to be between; to be present; (impersonal interest) it makes a difference, it mattersEnglish interest | 2 | 23 |
| intestīnum, intestīnī n.noun, 2nd decl.intestīnī | a gut, intestine; (pl.) the bowels, entrailsEnglish intestine | 1 | 13 |
| intrāpreposition + acc.intrā | within, insideEnglish intramural | 1 | 25 |
| intrō, intrāre, intrāvī, intrātumverb, 1st conj.intrāveram | to go into, enterEnglish enter | 1 | 56 |
| intrōspiciō, intrōspicere, intrōspexī, intrōspectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)intrōspice | to look into, look inside; to examine closelyintrō "within" + speciō "look"; English introspection | 1 | 3 |
| intueor, intuērī, intuitus sumdeponent verb, 2nd conj.intueāmur, intuitus, intuēre | to look at, gaze upon; to consider, contemplateEnglish intuition | 3 | 13 |
| intusadverbintus | within, inside; from withincompare intrā, interior | 1 | 40 |
| invicemadverbinvicem | in turn; mutually, one another | 4 | 10 |
| invideō, invidēre, invīdī, invīsumverb, 2nd conj.invidēre | to look askance at; to envy, begrudge (+ dat.)English envy, invidious | 1 | 16 |
| invītus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.invītīs | unwilling, reluctant; against one's willthe opposite of volēns "willing" | 1 | 50 |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum (gen. ipsīus)intensive pronounipsa, ipsae, ipse, ipsum, ipsās, ipsī, ipsīs, ipsīus, ipsō | himself, herself, itself; the very, in person; (gen.) his own | 18 | 8 |
| īrācundia, īrācundiae f.noun, 1st decl.īrācundiā | proneness to anger, irascibility; anger, wrathfrom īra, anger | 1 | 27 |
| īrāscor, īrāscī, īrātus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.īrāscuntur, īrāscī | to be angry, grow angry (with + dat.)English irascible | 2 | 26 |
| is, ea, iddemonstrative pronounea, eae, eam, eum, eā, eārum, eās, eī, eīs, eīsque, eō, eōque, eōrum, eōs, id, idque, is | he, she, it; this, that; (with a relative) the one who, that which | 61 | 7 |
| iste, ista, istuddemonstrative pronounista, istae, istam, istud, istīus | that (of yours), that (near you); these things; often contemptuous | 8 | 12 |
| istīcadverbistīc | there (where you are), here; in that matter, in this case | 3 | 16 |
| istīusmodī (istīus modī)indeclinable adjective (genitive of iste modus)istīusmodī | of that kind, of such a sort, such | 4 | 10 |
| itaadverbita | so, thus, in this way; ita … ut, in such a way … that, or as | 5 | 13 |
| itaqueconjunctionitaque | and so, therefore, accordingly | 6 | 16 |
| itemadverbitem | likewise, also, in the same wayEnglish item, an entry in a list | 2 | 2 |
| itidemadverbitidem | in the same way, likewise | 2 | 2 |
| jūdicium, jūdiciī n.noun, 2nd decl.jūdicia | judgement, opinion; decision; discernment; trial, courtEnglish judicial | 1 | 52 |
| jūgiteradverbjūgiter | continually, perpetually, without ceasingfrom jūgis "perpetual"; Gataker writes j | 3 | 11 |
| jūrō, jūrāre, jūrāvī, jūrātumverb, 1st conj.jūrēmus | to swear, take an oath; (per + acc.) to swear byEnglish jury, perjury | 1 | 44 |
| jūstitia, jūstitiae f.noun, 1st decl.jūstitiae, jūstitiamque | justice, fairnessEnglish justice | 2 | 47 |
| jūstus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.jūsta, jūstī, jūstō | just, fair; proper, right, due (tempus jūstum, the proper time)English just | 3 | 10 |
| juvō, juvāre, jūvī, jūtumverb, 1st conj.juvet | to help, aid, assist; to please, delightEnglish adjutant (from adjuvō) | 1 | 7 |
| labor, labōris m.noun, 3rd decl.labor, labōrum | work, toil, effort; hardship, distressEnglish labour | 3 | 30 |
| laedō, laedere, laesī, laesumverb, 3rd conj.laeditur, laesus | to strike, hurt, injure; to wrong, offendEnglish lesion | 3 | 1 |
| laetus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.laetō | glad, joyful, cheerful; fertile, rich | 1 | 21 |
| lancinō, lancināre, lancināvī, lancinātumverb, 1st conj.lancināverit | to tear to pieces, mangle, lacerateEnglish lancinating | 1 | 20 |
| lapis, lapidis m.noun, 3rd decl.lapidēs | a stone; a milestone, boundary stoneEnglish lapidary | 1 | 14 |
| latrō, latrōnis m.noun, 3rd decl.latrōnēs | a robber, bandit, brigand; (originally) a hired soldierEnglish larceny comes from latrōcinium "robbery" | 1 | 34 |
| laudō, laudāre, laudāvī, laudātumverb, 1st conj.laudāre, laudās | to praise, commendEnglish laud | 2 | 16 |
| leō, leōnis m.noun, 3rd decl.leōnis | a lionEnglish Leo, leonine | 1 | 36 |
| libēns, libentisadjective, 3rd decl. (participle of libet)lubentīque | willing, glad; doing something gladly | 1 | 21 |
| līber, lībera, līberumadjective, 1st/2nd decl.līber, līberōque | free; free from (+ abl. or a, ab)English liberal | 2 | 16 |
| līberālitās, līberālitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.līberālitātem | the bearing of a free man, nobleness, frankness; generosity, liberalityfrom līber "free"; English liberality | 1 | 48 |
| līberēadverblīberē | freely; frankly, openly; without restraintEnglish liberally | 1 | 30 |
| libet (lubet), libēre, libuit or libitum estimpersonal verb, 2nd conj.libuerit | it pleases, it is agreeable (+ dat. of the person): mihi libet, I like, I chooseGataker often writes the older spelling lubet | 1 | 48 |
| licet, licēre, licuit (licitum est)impersonal verb, 2nd conj.licet | it is allowed, it is permitted, one may; (as a conjunction, + subj.) althoughEnglish licence | 3 | 13 |
| lignum, lignī n.noun, 2nd decl.ligna | wood, timber; (pl.) logs, firewoodEnglish ligneous | 1 | 14 |
| lingua, linguae f.noun, 1st decl.linguārum | tongue; speech, languageEnglish language, linguist | 2 | 16 |
| liquidōadverbliquidō | clearly, plainly, with certaintyfrom liquidus, clear | 1 | 30 |
| lītera (littera), līterae f.noun, 1st decl.līterās | a letter of the alphabet; (pl.) a letter, writings, literature, learningGataker's spelling of littera; English letter, literal | 1 | 26 |
| locālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.locālem | of a place, of place, localfrom locus; English local | 1 | 38 |
| locus, locī m. (pl. loca n., or locī m.)noun, 2nd decl.locī, locīsque, locō | place, spot; position, rank; passage (of a book)English location | 3 | 2 |
| lutum, lutī n.noun, 2nd decl.lutum | mud, mire; claynot lūtum, a plant that gives a yellow dye | 1 | 36 |
| lymphāticus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.lymphāticum | distracted, frenzied, mad; (as noun) a madmanfrom lympha "water": thought to be driven mad by the water-nymphs | 1 | 57 |
| Macedō, Macedonis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.macedō | a Macedonian; Alexander Macedō, Alexander of Macedon, Alexander the Great (6.24) | 1 | 24 |
| mācerō, mācerāre, mācerāvī, mācerātumverb, 1st conj.mācerārī | to soak, soften; to wear away, weaken; (pass.) to be tormented, fret, pineEnglish macerate | 1 | 16 |
| magis (superl. māximē)comparative adverbmagis | more, rather; multō magis, much more | 2 | 40 |
| magnus, -a, -um (comp. mājor, mājus; superl. māximus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl.magnō | great, large; important; (comp. m. pl. as noun) mājōrēs the ancestorsEnglish magnitude, major, maximum | 1 | 23 |
| male (comp. pejus, superl. pessimē)adverbmale | badly, ill, wrongly; (male facere + dat.) to do harm to; (male audīre) to be ill spoken offrom malus; English malefactor | 2 | 2 |
| maledīcō, maledīcere, maledīxī, maledictumverb, 3rd conj.maledīcerent | to speak ill of, abuse, revile (+ dat.)English malediction | 1 | 55 |
| malefaciō, malefacere, malefēcī, malefactumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)malefacit | to do evil, do wrong; to do harm (to + dat.)often written as two words, male faciō; English malefactor | 1 | 1 |
| maleficium, maleficiī n.noun, 2nd decl.maleficiī | an evil deed, wrongdoing, crime; harm, injury, mischieffrom male "badly" + faciō "do"; English maleficent | 1 | 1 |
| malitia, malitiae f.noun, 1st decl.malitiam | badness, wickedness, malice, ill will; spitefrom malus "bad"; English malice | 1 | 1 |
| malus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.malaque, malum, malumve, malī | bad, evil, wicked; harmful; (neut. as noun) an evil, a misfortune; (masc. pl.) the wickedEnglish malice | 5 | 33 |
| maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsumverb, 2nd conj.manēre | to stay, remain; to last, continue; to awaitEnglish remain, permanent | 1 | 30 |
| manus, manūs f.noun, 4th decl.manibus, manus, manuī, manūs | hand; band of men; in manibus, in hand, at handEnglish manual | 6 | 2 |
| mare, maris n.noun, 3rd decl.mare | the seaEnglish marine, maritime | 1 | 36 |
| māter, mātris f.noun, 3rd decl.mātremque | mother; in Book I, Marcus's mother Domitia Lucilla (died about 155–161)English maternal | 1 | 12 |
| māteria, māteriae f.noun, 1st decl.māteria, māteriae, māteriā | material, stuff, matter; timber; subject matter, occasion (for)English material, matter | 3 | 1 |
| māximēadverbmāximē | most, especially, above allEnglish maximum | 1 | 13 |
| mēchanicus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.mēchanicī | mechanical; (of crafts and craftsmen) working with the hands; (m. as noun) a mechanic, engineerfrom Greek mēchanikos; English mechanic | 1 | 35 |
| medicus, medicī m.noun, 2nd decl.medicumve, medicō | doctor, physicianEnglish medical | 2 | 35 |
| medius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.mediīs | middle, in the middle; intermediate, neither good nor bad; (n. pl. as noun, Stoic) media, things indifferentEnglish medium, mediate | 1 | 45 |
| mel, mellis n.noun, 3rd decl.mel | honey; sweetnessEnglish mellifluous | 1 | 57 |
| meminī, meminisseverb, perfect in form (defective)meminerīs, meminit | to remember, bear in mind (with gen. or acc.); imperative mementō, rememberEnglish memento | 4 | 26 |
| memor, gen. memorisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)memor | mindful, remembering (+ gen.); gratefulEnglish memory, memorial | 1 | 7 |
| mendāx, mendācisadjective, 3rd decl.mendācibus | lying, false; (as noun) a liarEnglish mendacious | 1 | 47 |
| Menippus, Menippī m.proper noun, 2nd decl.menippus | Menippus of Gadara (3rd century BC), Cynic philosopher who mocked human life in satires of mixed prose and verse | 1 | 47 |
| mēns, mentis f.noun, 3rd decl.mente, mentem, mentis, mentī, mēns | mind, intellect; attitude, disposition; intentionEnglish mental | 8 | 1 |
| merēadverbmerē | purely, merely, onlyfrom merus "pure, unmixed"; English mere | 1 | 14 |
| merus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.mera, merā | pure, unmixed; sheer, mere, nothing butEnglish mere | 2 | 14 |
| meticulōsus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.meticulōsus | fearful, timid, easily frightenedfrom metus "fear"; English meticulous | 1 | 30 |
| meus, -a, -um (voc. m. mī)possessive adjectivemea, meī | my, mine | 3 | 22 |
| ministerium, ministeriī n.noun, 2nd decl.ministeriō | service, attendance, help; officeEnglish ministry | 1 | 28 |
| mīrāculum, mīrāculī n.noun, 2nd decl.mīrāculō | a wonder, marvel; mīrāculō esse, to be a cause of wonderEnglish miracle | 1 | 25 |
| miscela (miscella), miscelae f.noun, 1st decl.miscelā | a mixture, medley, jumble (post-classical; cf. miscellus "mixed")from misceō "mix"; English miscellany | 1 | 10 |
| mittō, mittere, mīsī, missumverb, 3rd conj.missam | to send; to let go, release; to give up, put awayEnglish mission | 1 | 16 |
| moderātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl. (perf. part. of moderor)moderātiōrēs | keeping within bounds; moderate, restrained, sensibleEnglish moderate | 1 | 14 |
| modestia, modestiae f.noun, 1st decl.modestiam | moderation, restraint; modesty, sense of shame; good conductEnglish modesty | 1 | 48 |
| modus, modī m.noun, 2nd decl.modum, modus, modō | measure; manner, way; limit; quō modo in the way thatEnglish mode | 11 | 6 |
| mōlior, mōlīrī, mōlītus sumdeponent verb, 4th conj.mōliēbātur | to labour at, work hard at; to set in motion, undertake, attempt; to plan, contrivefrom mōlēs "mass, burden" | 1 | 30 |
| mōmentum, mōmentī n.noun, 2nd decl.mōmentīs, mōmentō | movement; a moment, instant; weight, importanceEnglish moment, momentum | 2 | 15 |
| mōns, montis m.noun, 3rd decl.mōns | a mountain, hillEnglish mount, mountain | 1 | 36 |
| mordeō, mordēre, momordī, morsumverb, 2nd conj.morsīs | to bite; to sting, hurtEnglish morsel | 1 | 57 |
| morior, morī, mortuus sum (fut. part. moritūrus)deponent verb, 3rd conj. (-ior)morimur, moriēns, mortuī | to dieEnglish mortal | 3 | 2 |
| mors, mortis f.noun, 3rd decl.mors, mortem | deathEnglish mortal | 2 | 28 |
| mōs, mōris m.noun, 3rd decl.mōribus, mōrum, mōrēs | custom, usage, way, manner; (pl.) character, conduct; ad mōrem, after the manner ofEnglish moral, mores | 3 | 30 |
| mōtus, mōtūs m.noun, 4th decl.mōtus | movement, motion; impulse, emotionEnglish motion | 1 | 17 |
| moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtumverb, 2nd conj.movērī | to move, stir, set in motion; to affect, disturbEnglish move, motion | 1 | 16 |
| moxadverbmox | soon, presently, before long; afterwards, next | 2 | 10 |
| mūcus, mūcī m.noun, 2nd decl.mūcīque | mucus, slimeEnglish mucus | 1 | 13 |
| mūliō, mūliōnis m.noun, 3rd decl.mūliō | a mule-driver, muleteerfrom mūlus "mule" | 1 | 24 |
| multus, -a, -um (comp. plūs, plūris; superl. plūrimus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl.multa, multā, multī, plūra, plūrimī, plūris, plūrēs, plūs | much, many; (n. superl. as adverb) plūrimum, most; ut plūrimum, for the most partEnglish multitude | 12 | 11 |
| mundus, mundī m.noun, 2nd decl.mundum, mundus, mundī, mundō | the world, the universe; the heavensEnglish mundane | 8 | 15 |
| mūnus, mūneris n.noun, 3rd decl.mūnus | duty, office, task; gift, present; public showEnglish munificent | 2 | 19 |
| mūtātiō, mūtātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.mūtātiōnēs | change, alteration; exchangeEnglish mutation | 1 | 15 |
| mūtō, mūtāre, mūtāvī, mūtātumverb, 1st conj.mūtābuntur, mūtābō | to change, alter; to exchangeEnglish mutate | 2 | 4 |
| mūtuor, mūtuārī, mūtuātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.mūtuātur | to borrow; (in Gataker, operam mūtuārī) to give in return, lend (one's help)from mūtuus "borrowed, mutual" | 1 | 14 |
| mūtuus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.mūtuam, mūtuās | borrowed, lent; mutual, reciprocalEnglish mutual | 4 | 38 |
| namconjunctionnam | for | 2 | 2 |
| nārrātiō, nārrātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.nārrātiōnis | a telling, narration, story; an account, descriptionfrom nārrō "tell"; English narration | 1 | 13 |
| nātiō, nātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.nātiōnum | birth; a people, race, nation; a class, breedEnglish nation | 1 | 47 |
| nātūra, nātūrae f.noun, 1st decl.nātūra, nātūrae, nātūram, nātūrā | nature; the nature or character of a thing; (universal) Nature, the order of the worldEnglish nature | 10 | 9 |
| nāvigō, nāvigāre, nāvigāvī, nāvigātumverb, 1st conj.nāvigantibus | to sail, voyageEnglish navigate | 1 | 55 |
| nauta, nautae m.noun, 1st decl.nautae | a sailor, seamanEnglish nautical | 1 | 55 |
| nēadverbnē | not: in nē … quidem, not even; with the subjunctive in commands and wishes, let … not | 2 | 20 |
| nēconjunctionnē | (+ subj.) that not, lest, in order that not; (after verbs of fearing) that | 5 | 3 |
| nec, nequeconjunctionnec, neque | and not, nor; nec … nec, neither … nor; neque enim, for … not | 27 | 1 |
| necessārius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.necessāriam, necessāriā | necessary, indispensable; bound by close ties; (as noun, m.) a relative, kinsman, close connectionEnglish necessary | 2 | 36 |
| necesse (indecl.)adjective, indeclinable (neuter)necesse | necessary, unavoidable; necesse est, it is necessaryEnglish necessary | 5 | 11 |
| nēmō, nēminis m./f.pronoun (noun of the 3rd decl.)nēmō | no one, nobody | 2 | 21 |
| nempeconjunctionnempe | certainly, to be sure, of course; namelyfrom nam + -pe | 2 | 15 |
| nēquāquamadverbnēquāquam | by no means, not at all | 1 | 16 |
| nescius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.nescia | not knowing, ignorant, unaware (often with an indirect question) | 1 | 22 |
| neutiquam (ne utiquam)adverbneutiquam | by no means, not at all, in no way | 1 | 22 |
| nihil (nīl)noun, indeclinablenihil | nothing; (as adverb) not at all, in no way; gen. nihilī (of nihilum) in valuing: nihilī pendere, to value at nothingEnglish nihilism | 7 | 16 |
| nihilōminus (nihilō minus)adverbnihilōminus | none the less, nevertheless, notwithstandingliterally "less by nothing" | 1 | 35 |
| nīmīrumadverbnīmīrum | without doubt, of course; namely | 1 | 47 |
| nisiconjunctionnisi | unless, if not; except | 1 | 30 |
| nītor, nītī, nīxus (nīsus) sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.nītitur | to lean on, rest on; to strive, endeavour, try (+ inf.) | 1 | 42 |
| nōlō, nōlle, nōluīirregular verbnōlī | to be unwilling, not to want, refusefrom ne + volō | 2 | 19 |
| nōmen, nōminis n.noun, 3rd decl.nōmen, nōmina | name; (abl. with a genitive) on account of, on the ground ofEnglish nominal | 2 | 26 |
| nōnadverbnōn | not | 20 | 14 |
| nōnneinterrogative particlenōnne | (in direct questions) not?, surely …?, expecting the answer "yes"; (in indirect questions) whether notnōn + the question particle -ne | 2 | 35 |
| nōs, nostrum or nostrī; dat. and abl. nōbīs; acc. nōspersonal pronounnostrum, nōbīs, nōbīscum, nōs | we, us; nōbīscum with us | 9 | 16 |
| nōscō, nōscere, nōvī, nōtumverb, 3rd conj.nōrint, nōvit | to get to know, learn; perfect nōvī I know; perf. subj. nōverim, short nōrimEnglish notion | 3 | 5 |
| noster, nostra, nostrumadjective, 1st/2nd decl.nostra, nostrā, nostrī | our, ours | 3 | 41 |
| nota, notae f.noun, 1st decl.notam | a mark, sign, token; a distinguishing mark, feature; a mark of disgraceEnglish note | 1 | 20 |
| noverca, novercae f.noun, 1st decl.novercam | a stepmotherproverbially harsh in Roman writers | 1 | 12 |
| novus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.novissima, novum | new, fresh; superl. novissimus, last, finalEnglish novel | 2 | 15 |
| noxius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.noxium | harmful, hurtful, injurious; guiltyEnglish noxious | 1 | 36 |
| nudiustertiusadverbnudiustertius | the day before yesterday; (loosely) only latelyfrom nunc diēs tertius "it is now the third day" | 1 | 15 |
| nūllus, -a, -um (gen. nūllīus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl. (pronominal)nūlla, nūllam, nūllum, nūllus, nūllā | no, not any, none; (as noun) no oneEnglish null | 9 | 1 |
| numinterrogative particlenum | (in direct questions) surely … not?, expecting the answer "no"; (in indirect questions) whether | 3 | 16 |
| nūmen, nūminis n.noun, 3rd decl.nūminis | divine will; divine power, divinityEnglish numinous | 1 | 7 |
| numerus, numerī m.noun, 2nd decl.numerum, numerīs | number; a group, rank; (pl.) all the parts that make a thing complete; rhythmEnglish number | 2 | 26 |
| nuncadverbnunc | now, at present; as it is | 2 | 10 |
| nunquam (numquam)adverbnunquam | never | 1 | 15 |
| nunquid (numquid)interrogative particlenunquid | (in direct questions) surely … not?, expecting the answer "no"; (num + quid) anything?, have I … anything?; (in indirect questions) whethernum + quid | 3 | 26 |
| nūtriō, nūtrīre, nūtrīvī, nūtrītumverb, 4th conj.nūtrīrī | to suckle, feed, nourish; to bring up, rearEnglish nutrition, nourish | 1 | 16 |
| obeō, obīre, obiī, obitumirregular verbobeundō, obiisse | to go to, go round; to undertake, take on, carry out; (mortem obīre) to dieEnglish obituary | 2 | 28 |
| oblectō, oblectāre, oblectāvī, oblectātumverb, 1st conj.oblectat, oblectā, oblectāre | to delight, please, gladden; to amuse; to pass (time) pleasantly | 3 | 7 |
| obsequor, obsequī, obsecūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.obsequēns | to comply with, obey, yield to (+ dat.)English obsequious | 1 | 1 |
| observātiō, observātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.observātiōne | a watching, observation; heed, respect, attentive careEnglish observation | 1 | 45 |
| observō, observāre, observāvī, observātumverb, 1st conj.observātīs | to watch, observe; to heed, keep (a rule)English observe | 1 | 26 |
| obsōnium, obsōniī n.noun, 2nd decl.obsōniīs | food eaten with bread, especially fish or meat; a cooked dish; provisions, daintiesfrom Greek opsōnion, "provisions" | 1 | 13 |
| obstō, obstāre, obstitī, obstātūrusverb, 1st conj.obstat, obstiterit | to stand in the way, hinder, obstruct (+ dat.; quō minus)English obstacle | 2 | 50 |
| obveniō, obvenīre, obvēnī, obventumverb, 4th conj.obventūra | to come in the way, meet; to happen, befall; to fall to one's lot | 1 | 44 |
| occumbō, occumbere, occubuī, occubitumverb, 3rd conj.occubuisse | to fall down; to meet one's death, die; mortem occumbere, to die | 1 | 47 |
| occurrō, occurrere, occurrī, occursumverb, 3rd conj.occurrunt | to run to meet, meet, come upon (+ dat.); to occur to the mindEnglish occur | 1 | 12 |
| oculus, oculī m.noun, 2nd decl.oculīs | the eyeEnglish ocular | 1 | 48 |
| ōdī, ōdisse, ōsūrusverb, perfect in form onlyōderīs | to hateEnglish odious | 1 | 41 |
| odium, odiī n.noun, 2nd decl.odium | hatred, dislike; (pl.) hatredsEnglish odious | 1 | 20 |
| offendō, offendere, offendī, offēnsumverb, 3rd conj.offendimur | to strike against; to come upon, find; to offend, displease; (passive) to be offended, take offenceEnglish offend | 1 | 20 |
| officium, officiī n.noun, 2nd decl.officium, officiī, officiīs, officiō | duty, obligation; service, kindnessEnglish office, officious | 6 | 2 |
| olea, oleae f.noun, 1st decl.oleae | an olive tree; an oliveEnglish oleaginous | 1 | 14 |
| ōlimadverbōlim | once, formerly, long ago; at some time, one day; jam ōlim, long since | 2 | 30 |
| omnīnōadverbomnīnō | altogether, entirely; in general, on the whole; (with negatives) at all | 5 | 16 |
| omnis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.omne, omnem, omnia, omnibus, omnis, omnium, omniumque, omnēs | all, every, the whole; (n. pl. omnia) all things, everythingEnglish omnipotent, omnibus | 19 | 4 |
| opera, operae f.noun, 1st decl.operam, operās, operāsque | work, effort, service; pains, attentionEnglish opera | 6 | 14 |
| operārius, operāriī m.noun, 2nd decl.operāriōrum, operāriōs | a workman, labourer, hired handfrom opera "work" | 2 | 42 |
| opifex, opificis m. (and f.)noun, 3rd decl.opifex | a worker, craftsman, artisan; a maker, creatoropus "work" + faciō "make" | 1 | 40 |
| opīnor, opīnārī, opīnātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.opīnantur, opīnor, opīnārī, opīnātur | to think, suppose, imagine, believeEnglish opinion | 8 | 16 |
| oportet, oportēre, oportuitimpersonal verb, 2nd conj.oportet | it is necessary, it is proper, one ought (+ inf., acc. and inf., or subj.) | 4 | 26 |
| oppōnō, oppōnere, opposuī, oppositumverb, 3rd conj.oppōnentēs | to set against, put in the way; to oppose; (sē oppōnere + dat.) to set oneself against, resistEnglish oppose, opposite | 1 | 30 |
| ops, opis f. (pl. opēs, opum)noun, 3rd decl.ope, opem | power, help, aid; (pl.) wealth, riches, resourcesEnglish opulent | 2 | 12 |
| opus, operis n.noun, 3rd decl.opera, opus | work, task, deed; (opus est, opus habere) need, necessityEnglish opus, opera | 6 | 16 |
| ōrātor, ōrātōris m.noun, 3rd decl.ōrātōrēs | a speaker, orator; an envoyEnglish orator | 1 | 47 |
| orbis, orbis m.noun, 3rd decl.orbem, orbis | circle, ring; orbit; the world; (in orbem) in a circle, round and roundEnglish orbit | 3 | 17 |
| ōrdō, ōrdinis m.noun, 3rd decl.ōrdine | row, line, rank; order, arrangementEnglish order | 1 | 10 |
| organum, organī n.noun, 2nd decl.organum | an implement, instrument, tool; a musical instrument, an organfrom Greek organon; English organ | 1 | 40 |
| Origaniōn, Origaniōnis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.origaniōnem | Origanion, an otherwise unknown man named among the forgotten dead | 1 | 47 |
| orīgō, orīginis f.noun, 3rd decl.orīginem | origin, beginning, source; birth, descentEnglish origin | 1 | 36 |
| orior, orīrī, ortus sumdeponent verb, 4th conj.orta | to rise, arise; to spring from, come into being, be bornEnglish origin, orient | 1 | 15 |
| ortus, ortūs m.noun, 4th decl.ortū | a rising (of the sun or stars); birth, originfrom orior "rise" | 1 | 15 |
| ostendō, ostendere, ostendī, ostentum (ostēnsum)verb, 3rd conj.ostende | to show, point out, display; to make known, revealEnglish ostensible | 1 | 27 |
| ovicula, oviculae f.noun, 1st decl.oviculae | a little sheep, lambdiminutive of ovis "sheep"; English ovine | 1 | 13 |
| pācātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl. (perf. part. of pācō)pācātō | peaceful, calm, at peacefrom pāx "peace"; English pacify | 1 | 20 |
| palamadverbpalamque | openly, publicly; palam facere, to make known, make plain | 1 | 21 |
| pār, parisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)parī | equal, like; a match for; fitting, proper; pār est, it is right, it is fittingEnglish par, parity | 3 | 2 |
| pāreō, pārēre, pāruī, pāritumverb, 2nd conj.pārēre | to obey, comply with, be subject to (+ dat.); to appearnot pariō, parere "give birth", whose infinitive is spelled the same; English appear (from appāreō) | 1 | 1 |
| pariō, parere, peperī, partumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)pareret, pariant | to give birth to, bear; to produce, bring about; to get, acquirenot pāreō "obey"; English parent | 2 | 46 |
| pariteradverbpariter | equally, in like manner; together, at the same time | 1 | 24 |
| parricīda, parricīdae m.noun, 1st decl.paricīdae | a murderer of a parent or near relative, a parricide; a murderer, traitor-cīda from caedō "kill"; English parricide | 1 | 34 |
| pars, partis f.noun, 3rd decl.pars, partem | part, portion, share; side; roleEnglish part | 3 | 8 |
| particeps, gen. participisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)participēs | sharing in, partaking of (+ gen.); as a noun, a partnerEnglish participate | 1 | 23 |
| parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)adverbminus | too little, not enough; comp. minus less; quō minus so that … notEnglish minus | 3 | 21 |
| parvus, -a, -um (comp. minor, minus; superl. minimus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl.parva | small, little; (comp.) smaller, lessEnglish minor | 1 | 36 |
| passiō, passiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.passiōne | (late Latin) suffering; being acted on, what one undergoes; a feeling, passionfrom patī "to suffer"; English passion | 1 | 51 |
| patria, patriae f.noun, 1st decl.patria | native land, fatherland, one's countryEnglish patriot | 1 | 44 |
| paucus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl. (mostly plural)paucīs | few, a few; pauca, few thingsEnglish paucity | 1 | 30 |
| paulōadverbpaulō | by a little, a little (with comparatives and with ante, post): paulō post, a little laterablative of paulum "a little" | 1 | 14 |
| peccō, peccāre, peccāvī, peccātumverb, 1st conj.peccant, peccāre | to do wrong, err, sin; to make a mistakeEnglish impeccable, peccadillo | 2 | 27 |
| pecūliāris, -eadjective, 3rd decl.pecūliāria | one's own, private; special, peculiar (+ gen. or dat., to)English peculiar | 1 | 32 |
| pecus, pecudis f.noun, 3rd decl.pecudum | a beast, a head of cattle, a sheep; (pl.) cattle, brute beastsnot pecus, pecoris n. "cattle, the herd" | 1 | 16 |
| penitusadverbpenitius, penitus | deep within, inwardly; thoroughly, through and through | 2 | 13 |
| pēnsō, pēnsāre, pēnsāvī, pēnsātumverb, 1st conj.pēnsantem | to weigh; to weigh one thing against another; to pay for, repay, make up forfrom pendō "weigh"; English compensate | 1 | 26 |
| perpreposition + acc.per | through, throughout; by means of; (per se) in itself, by itself | 7 | 11 |
| perficiō, perficere, perfēcī, perfectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)perficere, perficiuntur | to finish, complete, accomplish; to bring about; to bring to perfectionper "through" + faciō "do"; English perfect | 3 | 1 |
| perfundō, perfundere, perfūdī, perfūsumverb, 3rd conj.perfunduntur | to pour over, drench, bathe; to fill, steep (with a feeling)English perfusion | 1 | 34 |
| pergō, pergere, perrēxī, perrēctumverb, 3rd conj.pergentem, perges | to go on, proceed, continue (+ inf.); to press on | 2 | 26 |
| perindeadverbperinde | in the same way, just so, equally; perinde ac (sī), just as (if); perinde … atque, as much … as | 2 | 15 |
| permittō, permittere, permīsī, permissumverb, 3rd conj.permittere, permittis | to let go; to allow, permit; to leave to, entrust to (+ dat.)English permit | 2 | 27 |
| perpendō, perpendere, perpendī, perpēnsumverb, 3rd conj.perpende | to weigh carefully, consider, examineEnglish perpend | 3 | 36 |
| perpetimadverbperpetim | continually, without a breakfrom perpes "continuous" | 1 | 15 |
| persistō, persistere, perstitīverb, 3rd conj.persistit, persistās | to continue steadily, persist, persevereEnglish persist | 2 | 21 |
| perspiciō, perspicere, perspexī, perspectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)perspexisset | to see through, look into; to examine closely; to perceive clearly, understandEnglish perspective, perspicacious | 1 | 30 |
| perspīrō, perspīrāre, perspīrāvī, perspīrātumverb, 1st conj.perspīrārī | to breathe everywhere, breathe through; (pass.) to be breathed through, transpireEnglish perspire | 1 | 16 |
| persuādeō, persuādēre, persuāsī, persuāsumverb, 2nd conj.persuādēre | to persuade, convince (+ dat.); persuāsum habēre, to be convincedEnglish persuade | 1 | 50 |
| pertineō, pertinēre, pertinuīverb, 2nd conj.pertinent, pertinēre | to reach, extend; to concern, relate to (ad + acc.)English pertain | 3 | 14 |
| perturbātiō, perturbātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.perturbātiōnem, perturbātiōnibus | confusion, disturbance; (in philosophy) a passion, emotionEnglish perturbation | 2 | 16 |
| perturbō, perturbāre, perturbāvī, perturbātumverb, 1st conj.perturbor, perturbārī, perturbātum | to throw into confusion, disturb, upsetEnglish perturb | 3 | 10 |
| pervādō, pervādere, pervāsī, pervāsumverb, 3rd conj.pervādunt | to go through, pass through; to penetrate, spread through, pervadeEnglish pervade | 1 | 13 |
| pēs, pedis m.noun, 3rd decl.pedis, pedī, pēs | footEnglish pedal | 3 | 33 |
| Philistiōn, Philistiōnis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.philistiōnem | Philistion, an obscure man named among the forgotten dead; perhaps the writer of mimes of that name in the age of Augustus | 1 | 47 |
| philosophia, philosophiae f.noun, 1st decl.philosophia | philosophyEnglish philosophy | 2 | 12 |
| philosophus, philosophī m.noun, 2nd decl.philosophī | a philosopher | 1 | 47 |
| Phoebus, Phoebī m.proper noun, 2nd decl.phoebum | Phoebus, an otherwise unknown man named among the forgotten dead (not the god Phoebus Apollo) | 1 | 47 |
| pietās, pietātis f.noun, 3rd decl.pietātem | dutiful respect towards the gods, parents or country; piety, devotionEnglish piety | 1 | 30 |
| pila, pilae f.noun, 1st decl.pila | a ball; a game of ballnot pīla "pillar" or pīlum "javelin" | 1 | 57 |
| piscis, piscis m.noun, 3rd decl.piscis | a fishEnglish piscine, Pisces | 1 | 13 |
| pius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.pia, pium | dutiful (to gods, parents, country); holy, devout, pious; righteousEnglish pious | 2 | 30 |
| placeō, placēre, placuī, placitumverb, 2nd conj.placēre | to please, be pleasing to (+ dat.); sibi placēre, to be pleased with oneselfEnglish please | 1 | 59 |
| placidēadverbplacidē | calmly, gently, quietlyEnglish placid | 1 | 26 |
| placidus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.placidum | calm, gentle, peaceful, quietEnglish placid | 1 | 30 |
| plāga, plāgae f.noun, 1st decl.plāgam | a blow, stroke; a wound; plāgam impingere, to deal a blowEnglish plague; not plaga "region" | 1 | 20 |
| plānēadverbplānē | plainly, clearly; wholly, quite, entirelyfrom plānus "flat, plain" | 2 | 20 |
| planta, plantae f.noun, 1st decl.plantārum | a shoot, cutting; a plant; the sole of the footEnglish plant | 1 | 16 |
| plausus, plausūs m.noun, 4th decl.plausibus | a clapping, applauseEnglish applause | 1 | 16 |
| plērusque, plēraque, plērumque (mostly pl. plērīque)adjective, 1st/2nd decl. (mostly plural)plēraque | (pl.) most, the greater part, most people; very many | 1 | 14 |
| pluvia, pluviae f.noun, 1st decl.pluviae | rainEnglish pluvial | 1 | 43 |
| polītus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl. (perf. part. of poliō)polītiōrēs | polished; refined, cultivated, elegantEnglish polite, polished | 1 | 14 |
| pompa, pompae f.noun, 1st decl.pompam | a solemn procession; parade, display, pomp, ostentationfrom Greek pompē; English pomp | 1 | 13 |
| pondō (indecl.)noun, indeclinablepondō | (in origin an ablative, "by weight") in weight; a pound, pounds (of weight)related to pondus "weight": English pound, ponderous | 1 | 49 |
| pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positumverb, 3rd conj.positum | to put, place, set; to lay down; to put (something) in someone's powerEnglish position, deposit | 1 | 10 |
| porrōadverbporrō | further, furthermore; forward, onward; in turn | 1 | 44 |
| possideō, possidēre, possēdī, possessumverb, 2nd conj.possident, possidēre | to have, hold, own, possessEnglish possess | 2 | 14 |
| possum, posse, potuīirregular verbposse, possit, possumus, possunt, poterat, poteris, poterit, potest | to be able, can; to have powerEnglish possible | 11 | 16 |
| posteriusadverb (comparative)posterius | later, afterwards; in the second place, secondneuter of posterior "later, latter"; compare prius | 1 | 10 |
| posterus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.posterīs | coming after, following, next; (m. pl. as noun) posterī, descendants, posterityEnglish posterity | 1 | 18 |
| potestās, potestātis f.noun, 3rd decl.potestāte | power, ability; authority, control; opportunityEnglish potent | 1 | 32 |
| potior, potīrī, potītus sumdeponent verb, 4th conj.potiundī | to become master of, get possession of, obtain (+ abl. or gen.) | 1 | 59 |
| potis, pote (indecl.)adjective, indeclinablepotis | able, capable (+ inf.); possible; potis est = potestthe pot- of possum "I can" | 1 | 30 |
| potius (comp.; superl. potissimum)adverbpotius | rather, more; potius quam, rather than | 2 | 25 |
| prae (+ abl.)preposition + abl.prae | before, in front of; because of; compared with; prae sē ferre, to display, make no secret of | 2 | 2 |
| praecipuēadverbpraecipuē | especially, chiefly, above allfrom praecipuus | 2 | 14 |
| praeditus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.praedita, praeditum, praeditus | endowed, provided, furnished (with + abl.) | 3 | 14 |
| praesēns, gen. praesentisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)praesentia, praesentēs | present, at hand; immediateEnglish present | 3 | 4 |
| praestō, praestāre, praestitī, praestitumverb, 1st conj.praestandō, praestet | to provide, give, show; (+ object and predicate) to render, keep (someone) so; to excel, be better | 2 | 14 |
| praesūmō, praesūmere, praesūmpsī, praesūmptumverb, 3rd conj.praesūmpseris | to take beforehand; to take for granted, presuppose; to anticipate, imagine in advanceprae + sūmō "take"; English presume | 1 | 41 |
| praeterpreposition + acc.praeter | past, beyond; except; contrary toEnglish preternatural | 4 | 33 |
| praetereō, praeterīre, praeteriī, praeteritumirregular verbpraeterierit, praeterita | to go past, pass by; to pass over; (praeteritum, n. of the perf. part.) the pastEnglish preterite | 2 | 30 |
| praeterlābor, praeterlābī, praeterlāpsus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.praeterlābentium | to glide by, slip past, flow past | 1 | 15 |
| praetervolō, praetervolāre, praetervolāvī, praetervolātumverb, 1st conj.praetervolantium | to fly past; to slip by, escape | 1 | 15 |
| pretium, pretiī n.noun, 2nd decl.pretiō | price, value, worth; reward; in pretiō habēre to value, prizeEnglish precious, price | 5 | 15 |
| prīmōadverbprīmō | at first, in the beginning; firstablative of prīmus; compare prīmum | 1 | 15 |
| prīncipālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.prīncipālis | first, original; chief, principal, fundamentalEnglish principal | 1 | 8 |
| prior, prius (comp.; superl. prīmus)adjective, 3rd decl. (comparative)prius | former, earlier, first (of two); preferable, superior; superl. prīmus, first, foremost (cum prīmīs, above all)English prior | 1 | 10 |
| prīscus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.prīscī | of former times, ancient, old-fashioned | 2 | 18 |
| prīvō, prīvāre, prīvāvī, prīvātumverb, 1st conj.prīvāre | to deprive, rob (someone, acc., of something, abl.); to free fromEnglish deprive, private | 1 | 16 |
| priusadverb (comparative)prius | before, earlier, sooner; first, beforehandneuter of prior "former"; compare priusquam | 1 | 29 |
| priusquam (prius quam)conjunctionpriusquam | before, until; (+ subj.) before … could, before … shouldprius "sooner" + quam "than" | 1 | 30 |
| probēadverbprobē | well, rightly, properly; thoroughlyfrom probus "good, upright" | 2 | 30 |
| prōcēdō, prōcēdere, prōcessī, prōcessumverb, 3rd conj.prōcēdit | to go forward, advance; to go on, turn out, get on, succeedEnglish proceed | 1 | 17 |
| prōdūcō, prōdūcere, prōdūxī, prōductumverb, 3rd conj.prōductum, prōdūcantur, prōdūcit | to lead forth, bring out; to produce, give rise to; to prolongEnglish produce | 3 | 16 |
| prōferō, prōferre, prōtulī, prōlātumirregular verbprōferret, prōferrēs | to bring forward, bring out; to produce; to utter, sayEnglish proffer | 2 | 26 |
| proficīscor, proficīscī, profectus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.profecta | to set out, start; to proceed, come from, originate (ā, ab + abl.) | 1 | 36 |
| prōgredior, prōgredī, prōgressus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj. (-ior)prōgrediēns | to go forward, advance, proceedEnglish progress | 1 | 17 |
| proindeadverbproinde | therefore, accordingly; just as | 3 | 26 |
| prōmptus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.prōmpta | visible, evident; ready, willing, quick (ad + acc., for)English prompt | 1 | 1 |
| prōmptus, prōmptūs m. (only abl. sg.)noun, 4th decl.prōmptū | readiness; only in the phrase in prōmptū, at hand, ready, in viewnot the adjective prōmptus "ready" | 1 | 48 |
| propeadverbprope | near; nearly, almost | 1 | 18 |
| properō, properāre, properāvī, properātumverb, 1st conj.properant | to hasten, hurry, make haste (+ inf.) | 1 | 15 |
| proprius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.propria, propriam | one's own, personal, private; peculiar, characteristicEnglish proper, property | 2 | 3 |
| prōrsusadverbprōrsus | forwards; utterly, entirely, absolutely; in short | 3 | 13 |
| prōsequor, prōsequī, prōsecūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.prōsecūtī | to follow, escort; to pursue; (aliquem amōre, affectū prōsequī) to treat someone with love, show affection toEnglish prosecute | 1 | 18 |
| prosperēadverbprosperē | favourably, fortunately, successfully, wellfrom prosper "fortunate"; English prosper | 1 | 17 |
| prōveniō, prōvenīre, prōvēnī, prōventumverb, 4th conj.prōveniunt | to come forth; to arise, come about, turn out | 1 | 36 |
| prōvidentia, prōvidentiae f.noun, 1st decl.prōvidentiā | foresight, forethought; providence (divine care of the world)English providence | 1 | 10 |
| prūdēns, prūdentisadjective, 3rd decl.prūdēns | foreseeing, knowing, aware; wise, prudent, skilledfrom prōvidēns; English prudent | 1 | 51 |
| puer, puerī m.noun, 2nd decl.puerīs, puerōrum | boy, child; (figuratively) a mere childEnglish puerile | 2 | 16 |
| pulcher (pulcer), pulchra, pulchrumadjective, 1st/2nd decl.pulcrum, pulcrārum | beautiful, fair, handsome; fine, noble, gloriousGataker writes both pulchrum and pulcrum; English pulchritude | 2 | 36 |
| punctum, punctī n.noun, 2nd decl.punctum | a point, dot; a moment, instantEnglish point, punctual | 1 | 36 |
| purpura, purpurae f.noun, 1st decl.purpurā | the purple-fish; purple dye; purple cloth, a purple robeEnglish purple | 1 | 13 |
| putō, putāre, putāvī, putātumverb, 1st conj.putās | to think, suppose, believe; to reckon; (imperative puta, as an adverb) for instance, sayEnglish compute, reputation | 1 | 57 |
| Pȳthagorās, Pȳthagorae m.proper noun, 1st decl. (Greek)pȳthagorās | Pythagoras of Samos (6th century BC), philosopher and mathematician, who taught that souls pass from body to body | 1 | 47 |
| quāadverbquā | by which way, where; in so far as, in the capacity of, as (quā … quā, both … and)an old ablative feminine of quī, with viā "way" understood | 5 | 14 |
| quādamtenus (quādantenus)adverbquādantenus | to a certain extent, up to a point, in some measureGataker writes quadantenus | 1 | 35 |
| quaesō, quaesere, quaesīvīverb, 3rd conj.quaesō | to seek, ask for; (put into a sentence) I ask you, please, prayan old form of quaerō | 1 | 18 |
| quālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.quāle, quālem, quālia, quālis, quālēs | of what kind?, what sort of?; (relative) such asEnglish quality | 9 | 8 |
| quālitās, quālitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.quālitās | quality, nature, character (of a thing)coined by Cicero from quālis "of what kind" for Greek poiotēs; English quality | 1 | 3 |
| quamadverbquam | how (much); than; (with a superlative) as … as possible | 13 | 4 |
| quamdiūadverbquamdiū | how long?; as long as | 1 | 23 |
| quamvīsconjunctionquamvīs | although (+ subj.); however much; (as adverb) as much as you like, ever so | 1 | 43 |
| quantumadverb (neuter of quantus)quantum | as much as, as far as; how much; (quantum in me est) as far as lies in me | 2 | 20 |
| quantus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.quantum, quantā | how great?, how much?; (relative) as great as, as much as; (n. as noun, + gen.) how much; in quantum, to the extent that, in so far as | 2 | 34 |
| quārē (quā rē)adverbquārē | (interrogative) why?, for what reason?; (relative) wherefore, therefore | 1 | 57 |
| quasiadverbquasi | as if, as though; as it were, so to speak; almost | 4 | 9 |
| quemadmodum (quem ad modum)adverbquemadmodum | in what way, how; (relative) as, just as; quemadmodum … ita, just as … soliterally "to which manner" | 2 | 13 |
| quī, quae, quodrelative pronouncujus, quae, quaeque, quam, quem, quibus, quibuscum, quod, quā, quī, quō, quōrum | who, which, that; quō modo in the way that; quō minus so that … not, from (after verbs of hindering) | 109 | 2 |
| quiaconjunctionquia | because | 1 | 18 |
| quīcunque, quaecunque, quodcunquerelative and indefinite pronounquaecunque | whoever, whatever; any … whatever, everyGataker's spelling of quīcumque | 4 | 16 |
| quīdam, quaedam, quiddam (adj. quoddam)indefinite pronoun and adjectivequaedam, quandam, quibusdam, quiddam, quādam, quīdam | a certain, a certain one; a kind of, so to speak | 11 | 10 |
| quidemadverbquidem | indeed, certainly; at least; (quidem … vero, autem) on the one hand … on the other | 2 | 14 |
| quidnīadverbquidnī | why not? (+ subj.); of coursequid + nī | 1 | 44 |
| quīlibet, quaelibet, quidlibet (adj. quodlibet)indefinite pronouncuilibet, quaelibet, quodlibet | anyone you please, anything at all, whateverfrom quī + libet "it pleases" | 3 | 8 |
| quīnconjunctionquīn | that not, but that; at the start of a sentence, indeed, moreover; quīn et and what is more; (in a question, with the indicative) why not?; (with the subjunctive) an urging, come, … | 2 | 16 |
| quirītō, quirītāre, quirītāvī, quirītātumverb, 1st conj.quirītātur | to cry out for help (as a citizen calling on the Quirītēs); to wail, complain loudly; also deponent, quirītor, quirītārī, with the same sensefrom Quirītēs "Roman citizens" | 1 | 42 |
| quis, quidinterrogative and indefinite pronounquamque, quibusque, quid, quis, quā, quārum, quō, quōrum | (interrogative) who? what?; (as adjective, qui, quae, quod) which? what?; (indefinite, after si, ne, nec, num) anyone, anything | 24 | 2 |
| quisnam, quaenam, quidnam (adj. quīnam, quaenam, quodnam)interrogative pronounquaenam | who then?, what, pray?, which ever? | 1 | 13 |
| quisquam, quidquam (quicquam)indefinite pronouncuiquam, cujusquam, quenquam, quicquam, quisquam, quōquam | anyone, anything (mostly in negative, conditional or comparative sentences) | 10 | 1 |
| quisque, quaeque, quidque (adj. quodque)indefinite pronouncujusque | each, every, each one; (with a superlative) every … -est one | 1 | 15 |
| quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)indefinite relative pronounquicquid, quōquō | whoever, whatever; everyone who | 4 | 10 |
| quīvīs, quaevīs, quidvīs (adj. quodvīs)indefinite pronounquidvīs, quodvīs | anyone you please, anything at all; (as adjective) any … whatever | 2 | 36 |
| quōadverb (interrogative and relative)quō | where to?, whither?; (relative) to which place, wherenot quō "so that" (quo.conj) | 1 | 47 |
| quōconjunctionquō | so that, in order that (mostly with a comparative); quō minus (quōminus), so that not, from (after verbs of hindering) | 1 | 58 |
| quodconjunctionquod | because; that, the fact that; in that | 7 | 2 |
| quōdammodo (quōdam modō)adverbquōdammodo | in a certain way, in a manner, in some measure | 2 | 27 |
| quōmodoadverbquōmodo | how?, in what way?; as | 3 | 5 |
| quoqueadverbquoque | also, too (after the word it stresses) | 2 | 19 |
| quōrsum (quōrsus)adverbquōrsum | to what place?, whither?; to what end?, what for?from quō vorsum "turned where?" | 3 | 10 |
| quotindeclinable adjectivequot, quotque | how many?; (relative) as many as; quot … tot, as many … so manyEnglish quota, quotient | 2 | 25 |
| quōusque (quō usque)adverbquōusque | how far?, how long?, until when?Cicero, Against Catiline 1.1: Quōusque tandem …? | 1 | 46 |
| rabidus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.rabidō | raving, mad, rabid; fierceEnglish rabid | 1 | 57 |
| ratiō, ratiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.ratiō, ratiōne, ratiōnem, ratiōnis, ratiōnēs, ratiōnī | reason; reckoning, account; method, way; rule, principle; character, status (rationem obtinēre, to count as); ratiōne + gen., by reason of, because ofEnglish ratio, rational | 13 | 14 |
| ratiōnālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.ratiōnālem, ratiōnālis, ratiōnālī | of reason, rational, reasoningEnglish rational | 3 | 14 |
| recēdō, recēdere, recessī, recessumverb, 3rd conj.recēde | to go back, withdraw, retire; to depart from, abandonEnglish recede | 1 | 11 |
| recipiō, recipere, recēpī, receptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)receptī, reciperēs, recipiet | to take back, receive back; to receive, admit, take in; to undertake; (sē recipere) to withdraw, retire, take refugeEnglish receive, recipient | 3 | 12 |
| rēctēadverbrēctē | rightly, correctly; properly, well | 1 | 21 |
| rēctor, rēctōris m.noun, 3rd decl.rēctor, rēctōrem | ruler, governor, guideEnglish rector | 2 | 10 |
| rēctrīx, rēctrīcis f.noun, 3rd decl.rēctrīx | she who rules or guides; a (female) ruler, governess, directressfeminine of rēctor, from regō "rule" | 2 | 1 |
| rēctus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.rēctā | straight, upright; right, correct, properperfect participle of regō in origin; English rectitude, erect | 1 | 26 |
| recurrō, recurrere, recurrī, recursumverb, 3rd conj.recurrendō | to run back, hasten back, return; to have recourse (to)English recur | 1 | 11 |
| redarguō, redarguere, redarguīverb, 3rd conj.redarguerit | to refute, disprove; to rebuke, accuse in return | 1 | 30 |
| reddō, reddere, reddidī, redditumverb, 3rd conj.reddere | to give back, return; to render, make (someone so); to deliverEnglish render | 1 | 15 |
| redeō, redīre, rediī, reditumirregular verbredī | to go back, return; (eodem redire) to come to the same thing | 1 | 11 |
| redigō, redigere, redēgī, redāctumverb, 3rd conj.redigar, redāctī | to drive back, bring back; to reduce (to a state), bring (to); in cinerēs redigere, to reduce to ashes | 2 | 10 |
| redōnō, redōnāre, redōnāvī, redōnātumverb, 1st conj.redōnāre | to give back, restore; to forgive | 1 | 15 |
| referō, referre, rettulī, relātumirregular verbreferuntur, referās | to bring back, carry back; to report; (ad + acc.) to refer, relate, direct toEnglish refer, relate | 3 | 14 |
| regō, regere, rēxī, rēctumverb, 3rd conj.regātur | to guide, direct, steer; to rule, governEnglish regent, regulate | 1 | 10 |
| religiōsus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.religiōsus | devout, pious, god-fearing; scrupulous, conscientious; holy, sacredEnglish religious | 1 | 30 |
| reliquus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.reliqua, reliquā, reliquīs | remaining, left over, the rest of; (neut. pl. as noun) the restEnglish relic | 4 | 14 |
| renovō, renovāre, renovāvī, renovātumverb, 1st conj.renovant | to make new again, renew, restore; to refreshEnglish renovate | 1 | 15 |
| renuō, renuere, renuīverb, 3rd conj.renuant | to refuse with a shake of the head; to refuse, decline, rejectre- + nuō "nod" | 1 | 18 |
| reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertumverb, 4th conj.reperītur | to find, find out, discover; to deviseEnglish repertory | 1 | 16 |
| repraesentō, repraesentāre, repraesentāvī, repraesentātumverb, 1st conj.repraesentantur | to make present, show, display; to put on (a show); to representEnglish represent | 1 | 46 |
| reprehendō, reprehendere, reprehendī, reprehēnsumverb, 3rd conj.reprehendentēs | to hold back, seize; to blame, find fault with, criticise; to refuteEnglish reprehend, reprehensible | 1 | 30 |
| rēs, reī f.noun, 5th decl.reī, rē, rēbus, rērum, rēs | thing, matter, affair; business; rem habēre cum to deal withEnglish real | 29 | 3 |
| resideō, residēre, resēdīverb, 2nd conj.residet | to remain sitting, stay behind; to dwell, reside, be seated (in)English reside | 1 | 40 |
| respīrō, respīrāre, respīrāvī, respīrātumverb, 1st conj.respīrandī, respīrāre | to breathe out; to breathe, take breath; to recoverEnglish respiration | 2 | 15 |
| revocō, revocāre, revocāvī, revocātumverb, 1st conj.revocā | to call back, recall; to bring back, restore; to withdrawEnglish revoke | 1 | 31 |
| rictus, rictūs m.noun, 4th decl.rictus | the open mouth, gaping jawsEnglish rictus | 1 | 36 |
| rīdiculus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.rīdiculus | laughable, absurd, ridiculous; funny, amusingfrom rīdeō "laugh"; English ridiculous | 1 | 42 |
| rigeō, rigēre, riguīverb, 2nd conj.rigēns | to be stiff, be numb (with cold); to be rigid, stand stiffEnglish rigid | 1 | 2 |
| rītēadverbrītē | duly, properly, with due rites; rightlyEnglish rite | 2 | 2 |
| rogō, rogāre, rogāvī, rogātumverb, 1st conj.rogāverit | to ask, question; to ask for, requestEnglish interrogate | 1 | 26 |
| Rōma, Rōmae f.proper noun, 1st decl.rōma | Rome, the city on the Tiber, capital of the Roman empireEnglish Roman | 1 | 44 |
| rūrsus (rūrsum)adverbrūrsus | back, backwards; again; on the other hand, in turn | 1 | 13 |
| saepe (comp. saepius)adverbsaepius | often, frequently | 1 | 12 |
| saepenumerōadverbsaepenumerō | often, again and againsaepe + numerō "often in number" | 1 | 16 |
| saltemadverbsaltem | at least, at any rate; (with a negative) not even | 1 | 44 |
| salūs, salūtis f.noun, 3rd decl.salūtem | health, welfare; safety, deliverance; a greetingEnglish salutary | 1 | 55 |
| sanguis, sanguinis m.noun, 3rd decl.sanguine | blood; descent, familyEnglish sanguine | 1 | 15 |
| sānitās, sānitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.sānitātem | health, soundness of body or mind; good senseEnglish sanity | 1 | 55 |
| satietās, satietātis f.noun, 3rd decl.satietātem | sufficiency; surfeit, glut; weariness from having too muchEnglish satiety | 1 | 46 |
| satur, satura, saturumadjective, 1st/2nd decl.satur | full, well fed, sated (with + gen.); rich, deep (of colour)English saturate | 1 | 2 |
| sciō, scīre, scīvī, scītumverb, 4th conj.scientēs | to know; to know how to (+ inf.)English science | 1 | 42 |
| scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptumverb, 3rd conj.scrībātur | to write; to draw; (perf. part. n. as noun, scrīptum) a writingEnglish scribe, script | 1 | 26 |
| sector, sectārī, sectātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.sector | to follow eagerly, attend; to pursue, strive aftermade from sequor; not the noun sector | 1 | 21 |
| secundumpreposition + acc.secundum | according to, in accordance with; along; after, next to | 6 | 1 |
| sedconjunctionsed | but; sed nec but … not either, nor yet | 9 | 14 |
| sēdulōadverbsēdulō | busily, diligently, carefully; on purposeEnglish sedulous | 2 | 30 |
| semeladverbsemel | once, a single time; once for all; (after ubi, cum) once, as soon as | 1 | 15 |
| sēminālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.sēminālēs | of seed, seminal; (sēminālis ratiō) the seminal reason, the Stoic principle that holds the seeds of all thingsEnglish seminal | 1 | 24 |
| semperadverbsemper | always, everEnglish sempiternal | 2 | 17 |
| sēnsus, sēnsūs m.noun, 4th decl.sēnsibus, sēnsuum, sēnsū | sense, sensation, feeling; perception; understandingEnglish sense | 3 | 16 |
| sententia, sententiae f.noun, 1st decl.sententiā, sententiīs | opinion, judgement; meaning; a sentence, maxim; ex animī sententiā, in earnest, sincerely; also to one's liking, as one would wishEnglish sentence | 3 | 30 |
| sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsumverb, 4th conj.sentiam, sēnseris | to feel, perceive; to notice, realise; to think, hold an opinionEnglish sense, sentiment | 2 | 11 |
| sequor, sequī, secūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.secūtī | to follow, go after; to pursue; to obey, comply withEnglish sequence | 1 | 47 |
| serēnitās, serēnitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.serēnitātem | fair weather; calmness, serenityfrom serēnus; English serenity | 1 | 30 |
| sērius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.sērium | serious, earnest, grave; (n. as noun) earnest, a serious matterEnglish serious | 1 | 30 |
| servitium, servitiī n.noun, 2nd decl.servitiō, servitiōrum | slavery, service; (collective, often pl.) slaves, the slaves of a householdEnglish service | 2 | 14 |
| servō, servāre, servāvī, servātumverb, 1st conj.servandī, servā | to save, keep, preserve; to watch over; to keep (a rule)English preserve, conserve | 2 | 11 |
| sīconjunctionsī | if; whether | 19 | 10 |
| sīcadverbsīc | so, thus, in this way | 6 | 15 |
| sīcut (sīcutī)adverbsīcut | just as, as; sīcut … ita as … so | 4 | 15 |
| sīdus, sīderis n.noun, 3rd decl.sīdera | a star, constellation; (pl.) the stars, the heavensEnglish sidereal | 1 | 43 |
| sigillāria, sigillārium n. pl.noun, 3rd decl. (plural only)sigillārium | little figures, statuettes, given as presents at the Roman feast of the Sigillāria; (in Gataker) puppetsfrom sigillum "little figure, seal" | 1 | 16 |
| similis, simileadjective, 3rd decl.similis, similēs | like, similar (to + dat. or gen.)English similar | 2 | 6 |
| simplex, simplicisadjective, 3rd decl.simplicem | simple, single; plain, natural; frank, guileless, unaffectedEnglish simple | 1 | 30 |
| simuladverbsimul | at the same time, together; simul ac, as soon asEnglish simultaneous | 4 | 12 |
| sīnconjunctionsīn | but if, if on the other hand (after a clause with sī) | 2 | 10 |
| singulī, -ae, -aadjective, 1st/2nd decl. (plural)singula, singulās, singulī, singulīs | one each, one at a time; individual, eachEnglish single | 5 | 9 |
| sinō, sinere, sīvī, situmverb, 3rd conj.sita, situm | to let, allow, permit; (perf. part. situs) placed, situated; in aliquō situm esse, to lie in someone's powerEnglish site, situation | 2 | 32 |
| sīquandō (sī quandō)conjunctionsīquandō | if ever, wheneversī "if" + quandō "at any time" | 2 | 11 |
| sīquidemconjunctionsīquidem | if indeed, if only; since, inasmuch as | 3 | 4 |
| sīquis, sīqua, sīquid (also sī quis)indefinite pronounsīquid, sīquis | if anyone, if anything | 6 | 19 |
| sistō, sistere, stitī, statumverb, 3rd conj.sistere | to cause to stand, set, place; to stop, check; (sē sistere) to stop oneself, stand still; (perf. part. status) fixed, appointed, regularEnglish desist, assist | 1 | 16 |
| societās, societātis f.noun, 3rd decl.societāte | fellowship, partnership, association; societyEnglish society | 1 | 23 |
| Sōcratēs, Sōcratis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.sōcratēs | Socrates (469–399 BC), the Athenian philosopher, the Stoics' model of the wise man | 1 | 47 |
| sōl, sōlis m.noun, 3rd decl.sōl | the sun; sunlight; (personified, Sōl) the Sun as a godEnglish solar | 1 | 43 |
| soleō, solēre, solitus sumsemi-deponent verb, 2nd conj.solent, solet | to be accustomed, be used to, usually (do) | 3 | 13 |
| sollers (solers), sollertisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)solers | skilful, clever, ingenious, resourcefulGataker's spelling of sollers; from sollus "whole" + ars | 1 | 14 |
| solicitus (sollicitus), -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.solicitum | anxious, troubled, worried; careful, attentiveEnglish solicitous; Gataker writes solicitus for sollicitus | 1 | 22 |
| sōlus, -a, -um (gen. sōlīus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl.sōla | alone, only, sole; lonelyEnglish sole, solitary | 2 | 32 |
| somnium, somniī n.noun, 2nd decl.somnia, somniīs | dream; fancy, idle notion | 2 | 31 |
| somnus, somnī m.noun, 2nd decl.somnī, somnō | sleep; (per somnum) in one's sleepEnglish somnolent | 2 | 2 |
| sophista, sophistae m.noun, 1st decl.sophista | a sophist: a paid teacher of rhetoric and showy argument; a quibblerEnglish sophist | 1 | 30 |
| sortior, sortīrī, sortītus sumdeponent verb, 4th conj.sortītus | to cast or draw lots; to obtain by lot, be allotted; to choose, get as one's sharefrom sors "lot"; English sort | 1 | 39 |
| speciātimadverbspeciātim | particularly, in particular, individuallyfrom speciēs; English special | 1 | 44 |
| speciōsus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.speciōsārum | good-looking, beautiful, splendid; showy, plausiblefrom speciēs; English specious | 1 | 36 |
| spectō, spectāre, spectāvī, spectātumverb, 1st conj.spectandī | to look at, watch; to look towards, have in view; (ad + acc.) to bear on, concernEnglish spectator | 1 | 46 |
| spīna, spīnae f.noun, 1st decl.spīna | a thorn; a thorn bush; a spine, backboneEnglish spine | 1 | 36 |
| spīritus, spīritūs m.noun, 4th decl.spīritūs | breath, breathing; air, wind; spiritEnglish spirit, respiration | 1 | 15 |
| statimadverbstatim | at once, immediatelyEnglish stat (in medicine) | 1 | 15 |
| statūra, statūrae f.noun, 1st decl.statūrae | height, size, stature (of the body)English stature | 1 | 49 |
| status, statūs m.noun, 4th decl.statū | standing, posture; condition, state; (of a city) constitution, form of governmentEnglish status, state | 1 | 14 |
| strātum, strātī n.noun, 2nd decl.strātō | a covering, bedspread, blanket; (pl.) bedding, a bed; a pavementfrom sternō, spread; English stratum | 1 | 30 |
| strēnuus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.strēnuum | active, vigorous, energetic; brave, valiantEnglish strenuous | 1 | 30 |
| strepitus, strepitūs m.noun, 4th decl.strepitus, strepitū | noise, din, clatter; fussEnglish obstreperous | 2 | 16 |
| struō, struere, strūxī, strūctumverb, 3rd conj.struere | to pile up, build, arrange; to contrive, plot (īnsidiās struere, to lay plots)English structure, construct | 1 | 16 |
| studium, studiī n.noun, 2nd decl.studia, studium, studiō, studiōrum | eagerness, zeal, devotion; pursuit, studyEnglish study, studio | 4 | 13 |
| subjiciō, subjicere, subjēcī, subjectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)subjectīs | to throw under, put under; to place below, make subject to (+ dat.); (perf. part. as noun) rēs subjectae, subjecta, the things lying before us, objects; subjectum, a subject, that in which a quality is foundGataker's spelling of subiciō; English subject | 1 | 23 |
| subindeadverbsubinde | immediately after; again and again, constantly | 1 | 15 |
| sublīmis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.sublīmia | high, raised aloft; lofty, exaltedEnglish sublime | 1 | 47 |
| subsannātor, subsannātōris m.noun, 3rd decl.subsannātōrēs | a mocker, scoffer (late Latin)from subsannāre "to jeer by pulling faces" (sanna "a grimace") | 1 | 47 |
| substantia, substantiae f.noun, 1st decl.substantia | substance, essence, being; the stuff of which a thing consistsfrom substō "stand under"; the Latin for Greek ousia; English substance | 1 | 4 |
| succēnseō, succēnsēre, succēnsuī, succēnsumverb, 2nd conj.succēnsēbis, succēnsēs | to be angry with, resent (+ dat.) | 2 | 26 |
| successiō, successiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.successiō | a following after, succession; a succeeding generationEnglish succession | 1 | 15 |
| succus (sūcus), succī m.noun, 2nd decl.succum | juice, sap; (figuratively) vigourEnglish succulent | 1 | 13 |
| sufficiō, sufficere, suffēcī, suffectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)sufficere, sufficit, sufficiēs, suffēcerint | to be enough, suffice (+ dat.); to supply; to put in another's placeEnglish suffice, sufficient | 4 | 2 |
| suī; dat. sibi; acc. and abl. sē (sēsē)reflexive pronounsibi, sibique, sē, sēcum, sēque | himself, herself, itself, themselves; with invicem, one another | 23 | 1 |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrusirregular verberis, erit, es, esse, est, estō, fore, fuerant, fuerint, fuerit, fuerās, fuisse, futūra, futūrus, fuēre, sint, sit, sunt, sīs | to be, exist; fut. part. futūrus about to be, future; futūrum est ut it will happen that | 127 | 1 |
| sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptumverb, 3rd conj.sūmātur | to take, take up; to assume; to borrow (ab aliquō)English assume, consume | 1 | 45 |
| superfluus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.superfluum | overflowing; superfluous, unnecessaryEnglish superfluous | 1 | 16 |
| superstitiō, superstitiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.superstitiōnem | superstition: excessive or anxious fear of the gods; a religious scrupleEnglish superstition | 1 | 30 |
| supersum, superesse, superfuīirregular verbsupererit, supersunt | to be left over, remain; to survive; to be more than enough | 3 | 16 |
| superveniō, supervenīre, supervēnī, superventumverb, 4th conj.superveniat, superveniet | to come on top of, follow upon (+ dat.); to come up, arrive unexpectedlyEnglish supervene | 2 | 10 |
| supplicō, supplicāre, supplicāvī, supplicātumverb, 1st conj.supplicēmus | to kneel in prayer, pray, make supplication (to + dat.); to beseechEnglish supplicate | 1 | 44 |
| sursumadverbsursum | upwards, up, on high; sursum deorsum, up and downfrom sub + vorsum "turned" | 2 | 17 |
| sūs, suis m. and f.noun, 3rd decl.suis | a pig, swine, hog; a sowgen. suis is not suīs from suus "his own"; English swine | 1 | 13 |
| suscitō, suscitāre, suscitāvī, suscitātumverb, 1st conj.suscitat | to stir up, rouse, awaken; to raise upEnglish resuscitate | 1 | 8 |
| suspectus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl. (perf. part. of suspiciō)suspectum, suspectōs | suspected, regarded with mistrust; (suspectum habere) to hold suspectEnglish suspect | 2 | 16 |
| suspicāx, suspicācisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)suspicācēs | suspicious, distrustfulfrom suspicor "suspect" | 1 | 20 |
| suspīciō, suspīciōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.suspīciōnem | suspicion, mistrust; a faint notionEnglish suspicion | 1 | 20 |
| suspiciō, suspicere, suspexī, suspectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)suspiciunt | to look up at; to look up to, admire, esteem; to suspectnot suspīciō, suspīciōnis f. "suspicion" | 1 | 14 |
| suspīciōsus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.suspīciōsus | suspicious, mistrustful; arousing suspicionEnglish suspicious | 1 | 30 |
| suspicor, suspicārī, suspicātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.suspicāris | to suspect, mistrust; to suppose, surmise; (nihil suspicans) suspecting nothing, unsuspectingEnglish suspicion | 1 | 41 |
| sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentumverb, 2nd conj.sustineant, sustinuerit | to hold up, support; to bear, endure; to hold backEnglish sustain | 2 | 30 |
| suus, -a, -umpossessive adjective (reflexive)sua, suae, suam, suum, suā, suī, suō | his own, her own, its own, their own | 15 | 14 |
| tālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.tāle, tālia, tālis | such, of such a kind; tālis … ut, such … that | 4 | 8 |
| tamadverbtam | so, so much, to such a degree; tam … ut, so … that; tam … quam, as … as | 2 | 25 |
| tamenadverbtamen | nevertheless, yet, still | 6 | 12 |
| tandemadverbtandem | at last, finally; (in questions) then, pray, after all | 3 | 16 |
| tanquam (tamquam)conjunctiontanquam | as, just as; as if, as thoughGataker's spelling of tamquam | 6 | 20 |
| tantumadverbtantum | only, merely; so much; (non tantum … sed) not only … but | 1 | 20 |
| tantus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.tantī, tantō | so great, so much; (abl. tantō with a comparative) by so much | 2 | 16 |
| tardus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.tardus | slow, sluggish; dull, slow-wittedEnglish tardy | 1 | 30 |
| tēctum, tēctī n.noun, 2nd decl.tēctō | a roof; a house, dwelling, shelterfrom tegō "cover"; English protect | 1 | 30 |
| tellūs, tellūris f.noun, 3rd decl.tellūris | the earth, the ground; land, countryEnglish telluric | 1 | 43 |
| temerārius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.temerāriā | accidental, random, haphazard; rash, thoughtlessfrom temere "at random" | 1 | 10 |
| tempus, temporis n.noun, 3rd decl.tempore, temporis, tempus | time; a period, season, occasionEnglish temporal, tempo | 6 | 15 |
| tenor, tenōris m.noun, 3rd decl.tenōre, tenōrem, tenōris | a steady, unbroken course; the course or tenor (of life or conduct)English tenor | 3 | 11 |
| tenuis, tenueadjective, 3rd decl.tenuis | thin, slender, fine; slight, meagre; plain, simpleEnglish tenuous | 1 | 30 |
| terra, terrae f.noun, 1st decl.terram | earth, land, groundEnglish terrestrial | 1 | 10 |
| terrestris, -eadjective, 3rd decl.terrestris | of the earth, earthly; on land, terrestrialfrom terra; English terrestrial | 1 | 30 |
| theātrum, theātrī n.noun, 2nd decl.theātrō | a theatre; any place of public showsEnglish theatre | 1 | 46 |
| tingō, tingere, tīnxī, tīnctumverb, 3rd conj.tīnctōs | to wet, moisten, dip; to dye, colour, stainEnglish tincture, tint | 1 | 13 |
| tolerō, tolerāre, tolerāvī, tolerātumverb, 1st conj.tolerātū | to bear, endure, put up with; (pres. part.) tolerāns enduring, patientEnglish tolerate | 2 | 12 |
| tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātumverb, 3rd conj.tollere, tollāmus | to lift, raise; to take away, remove; to do away with, carry off, killthe perfect sustulī and participle sublātus come from a different stem | 2 | 13 |
| totindeclinable adjectivetot | so many | 6 | 47 |
| tōtus, -a, -um (gen. tōtīus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl. (pronominal)tōtam, tōtā | whole, entire, allEnglish total | 3 | 13 |
| trahō, trahere, trāxī, tractumverb, 3rd conj.trāxisse | to draw, drag, pull; to attract; to deriveEnglish tractor, attract | 1 | 15 |
| tranquillitās, tranquillitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.tranquillitātem | calm, stillness; peace, quietEnglish tranquillity | 1 | 50 |
| trānseō, trānsīre, trānsiī (trānsīvī), trānsitumirregular verbtrānseās | to go across, pass over; to go over (to another side or opinion); to pass byEnglish transit | 2 | 7 |
| trānsferō, trānsferre, trānstulī, trānslātumirregular verbtrānsfer | to carry across, transfer; to change, turn (to); (sē trānsferre) to go over, turn oneself (to)English transfer, translate | 2 | 47 |
| trecentī, -ae, -anumeraltrecentōrum | three hundred | 1 | 49 |
| trēs, trianumeraltrēs | threeEnglish trio, triple | 1 | 23 |
| tū, tuī; dat. tibi; acc. and abl. tēpersonal pronountibi, tē, tēcum, tēque, tū | you (singular); tēcum with you | 55 | 3 |
| tueor, tuērī, tuitus sumdeponent verb, 2nd conj.tueantur, tuēre | to look at, watch; to watch over, protect, defend; to keep up, maintain, upholdEnglish tutor, tuition | 2 | 30 |
| tumadverbtum | then; (cum … tum) both … and above all | 5 | 12 |
| tuncadverbtunc | then, at that time; in that case, accordingly | 1 | 44 |
| turba, turbae f.noun, 1st decl.turbam | a crowd, throng, multitude; turmoil, confusionEnglish disturb | 1 | 14 |
| turpis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.turpe | ugly, foul; shameful, disgraceful; turpe est, it is shamefulEnglish turpitude | 1 | 29 |
| tuus, -a, -umpossessive adjectivetuae, tuum, tuī | your, yours (of one person) | 4 | 2 |
| tyrannus, tyrannī m.noun, 2nd decl.tyrannī | an absolute ruler, despot, tyrantfrom Greek tyrannos; English tyrant | 2 | 34 |
| valēns, gen. valentisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)valentior | strong, vigorous, powerful; able, capable (of + gen.)present participle of valeō "be strong"; English valiant | 1 | 11 |
| vās, vāsis n. (pl. vāsa, vāsōrum)noun, 3rd decl. (pl. 2nd decl.)vās | vessel, container, dish; (of the body) the vessel of the soulEnglish vase | 1 | 40 |
| ubiconjunctionubi | when; where | 3 | 16 |
| velconjunctionvel | or; vel … vel, either … or; (as adverb) even | 22 | 4 |
| velutī (velut)adverbvelutī | just as, even as; as for instance, such asvel + utī | 1 | 14 |
| venēnum, venēnī n.noun, 2nd decl.venēna | poison; a drug; a dyeEnglish venom | 1 | 36 |
| venerātiō, venerātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.venerātiōne | reverence, veneration, deep respectEnglish veneration | 1 | 16 |
| veneror, venerārī, venerātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.veneror, venerātur | to revere, worship, venerateEnglish venerate | 2 | 10 |
| vērāciteradverbvērāciter | truly, truthfully, sincerelyfrom vērāx "truthful" | 1 | 39 |
| vereor, verērī, veritus sumdeponent verb, 2nd conj.verendī, verēre, verērī | to fear; to respect, revere; (gerundive verendus) to be revered, venerableEnglish revere | 3 | 30 |
| vēritās, vēritātis f.noun, 3rd decl.vēritātem | truth, reality; truthfulnessEnglish verity | 2 | 21 |
| vērōadverbvērō | in truth, indeed; but, however (second in its clause) | 13 | 1 |
| versor, versārī, versātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.versantur, versātur, versētur | to dwell, be engaged in; (cum + abl.) to live with, keep company withEnglish versatile | 3 | 5 |
| versus, versūs m.noun, 4th decl.versus | a line, row; a line of writing; a line of verse, versefrom vertō "turn"; English verse | 1 | 42 |
| versūtus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.versūta | nimble, adroit, clever; crafty, cunningfrom vertere "to turn" | 1 | 47 |
| vertō, vertere, vertī, versumverb, 3rd conj.vertit | to turn, turn round; to change; vice versā, the other way roundEnglish convert, vice versa | 1 | 8 |
| vērumconjunctionvērum | but, but in fact; yet | 2 | 20 |
| vespera, vesperae f.noun, 1st decl.vesperam | evening; ad vesperam, towards evening, till eveningEnglish vespers | 1 | 30 |
| vestis, vestis f.noun, 3rd decl.veste | clothing, garment, dressEnglish vest, vestment | 1 | 30 |
| via, viae f.noun, 1st decl.viaeque, viā, viāque | road, way, path; journey; methodEnglish via, viaduct | 3 | 17 |
| vicissimadverbvicissim | in turn, in return; on the other handfrom vicis "turn, change" | 2 | 26 |
| vīctus, vīctūs m.noun, 4th decl.vīctū | way of life; living, sustenance; food, dietfrom vīvō, live; English victuals | 1 | 30 |
| videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsumverb, 2nd conj.videntur, vidē, vidēbuntur, vidērī, vidēs, vidētur, vīderint, vīdistī, vīdit | to see, look at; to understand; (pass.) to seem, appearEnglish video, vision | 10 | 8 |
| vigilō, vigilāre, vigilāvī, vigilātumverb, 1st conj.vigilāns | to be awake, stay awake; to be watchful, alertEnglish vigil, vigilant | 1 | 31 |
| vīlis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.vīlis | cheap, of little value, worthlessEnglish vile | 1 | 42 |
| vīlitās, vīlitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.vīlitātemque | cheapness, low price; worthlessness, paltrinessfrom vīlis "cheap"; English vile | 1 | 13 |
| vīnitor, vīnitōris m.noun, 3rd decl.vīnitor | a vine-dresser, vineyard workerfrom vīnum "wine" | 1 | 16 |
| vir, virī m.noun, 2nd decl.vir | man; husband; a true manEnglish virile | 1 | 51 |
| virtūs, virtūtis f.noun, 3rd decl.virtūtis, virtūtum, virtūtēs | excellence, virtue; courageEnglish virtue | 4 | 17 |
| vīrus, vīrī n.noun, 2nd decl.vīrus | slimy liquid; poison, venomEnglish virus | 1 | 57 |
| vīs, vīs f. (acc. vim, abl. vī; pl. vīrēs)noun, 3rd decl. (irregular)vim, vī, vīs | force, power, strength; violence; pl. strengthEnglish violent | 4 | 11 |
| vīta, vītae f.noun, 1st decl.vīta, vītae, vītam, vītā | life; way of life; livelihoodEnglish vital | 10 | 2 |
| vītis, vītis f.noun, 3rd decl.vītēs | a vine, grapevineEnglish viticulture | 2 | 14 |
| vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctumverb, 3rd conj.vīctūrus, vīvere, vīvunt, vīvās | to live, be alive; to spend one's lifeEnglish vivid, revive | 5 | 18 |
| ulcīscor, ulcīscī, ultus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.ulcīscendī | to avenge, take vengeance for (a wrong); to punish, take vengeance on (a person)compare ultor "avenger", ultiō "revenge" | 1 | 6 |
| ūllus, -a, -um (gen. ūllīus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl. (pronominal)ūllam, ūllus, ūllā | any, any one (mostly in negative or conditional sentences) | 5 | 9 |
| ultrā (comp. ulterius, superl. ultimō)adverbulterius | beyond, further; comp. ulterius further, any longerEnglish ulterior | 1 | 10 |
| ūnāadverbūnā | together, at the same time, in companyfrom ūnus | 1 | 48 |
| undeadverbunde | from where, whence; from which | 1 | 15 |
| unguis, unguis m.noun, 3rd decl.unguibus | a nail (of finger or toe); a claw, talonEnglish ungulate | 1 | 20 |
| ūnicus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.ūnicum | one and only, sole, single; unique, unparalleledEnglish unique | 1 | 47 |
| ūniformis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.ūniformia | having one form, uniform, all of a kindūnus + forma; English uniform | 1 | 37 |
| ūniformiteradverbūniformiter | in one and the same way, uniformlyfrom ūnus "one" and fōrma "shape" | 1 | 46 |
| ūniō, ūnīre, ūnīvī, ūnītumverb, 4th conj.ūnīta | to unite, make one, join into onelate Latin, from ūnus "one"; English unite, union | 1 | 4 |
| ūniversālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.ūniversālem, ūniversālī | of the whole, universal, generalEnglish universal | 2 | 14 |
| ūniversus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.ūniversa, ūniversum, ūniversārum, ūniversī, ūniversō | all together, whole, entire; (neut. as noun) the whole, the universeEnglish universe | 17 | 1 |
| unquam (umquam)adverbunquam | ever, at any time | 2 | 18 |
| ūnus, -a, -um (gen. ūnīus)numeralūnum, ūnus, ūnā, ūnō | one; only, alone; a singleEnglish unity, unique | 9 | 7 |
| ūnusquisque, ūnaquaeque, ūnumquidque (adj. ūnumquodque)indefinite pronounūnumquemque, ūnīcuique | each one, every single one | 3 | 25 |
| vocābulum, vocābulī n.noun, 2nd decl.vocābulum | a word, term, nameEnglish vocabulary | 1 | 45 |
| vocō, vocāre, vocāvī, vocātumverb, 1st conj.vocāmus | to call, summon; to call, nameEnglish vocation, invoke | 1 | 25 |
| volō, velle, voluīirregular verbvelīs, voluerit, volēbat | to want, wish, be willing; to meanEnglish volition | 4 | 8 |
| voluntās, voluntātis f.noun, 3rd decl.voluntātem | will, wish, desire; goodwill; purpose, intentionEnglish voluntary | 1 | 40 |
| voluptās, voluptātis f.noun, 3rd decl.voluptāte | pleasure, delight, enjoymentEnglish voluptuous | 1 | 34 |
| voluptuārius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.voluptuārius | of pleasure, concerned with pleasure; given to pleasurefrom voluptās; English voluptuary | 1 | 51 |
| vōx, vōcis f.noun, 3rd decl.vōcis | voice; a cry, shout; word, utterance, sayingEnglish vocal | 1 | 26 |
| usqueadverbusque | all the way, right up to (with ad); continuously, always | 2 | 30 |
| ut, utīconjunctionut, utque | (+ subj.) that, so that, in order that; (+ ind.) as, when; ut quī, as one who | 26 | 7 |
| ūtilis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.ūtilia | useful, profitable, advantageous; (n. as noun) what is useful, advantageEnglish utility | 1 | 44 |
| utīqueadverbutīque | in any case, at any rate, certainly; at least; especially | 1 | 25 |
| ūtor, ūtī, ūsus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.ūtāre, ūtāris, ūtētur | to use, make use of (+ abl.); to wear (clothes); to enjoy; to treat, deal withEnglish use, utility | 3 | 23 |
| utpoteadverbutpote | as being, inasmuch as; utpote cum, utpote quī seeing that | 1 | 23 |
| utrumconjunctionutrum | whether (in direct and indirect questions, often answered by an "or") | 1 | 2 |
| vulgus, vulgī n. (rarely m.)noun, 2nd decl.vulgus, vulgī | the common people, the masses, the crowdEnglish vulgar | 2 | 14 |
| vultus, vultūs m.noun, 4th decl.vultūs | face, expression, look | 1 | 30 |
| ūvula, ūvulae f.noun, 1st decl.ūvulae | a little grape, a little bunch of grapes; (in medicine) the uvuladiminutive of ūva "grape"; English uvula | 1 | 13 |
| Xenocratēs, Xenocratis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.xenocrate | Xenocrates of Chalcedon (c. 396–314 BC), Plato's pupil and later head of the Academy, famous for his gravity and austere life | 1 | 13 |