896 dictionary words make up the 2476 words of the text. The count says how often each occurs; the last column links to the section where it first appears.
| Word | Meaning | Times | First |
|---|---|---|---|
| ā, ab, abs (+ abl.)preposition + abl.ab, ā | from, away from; by (the agent of a passive verb); since | 24 | 2 |
| abscindō, abscindere, abscidī, abscissumverb, 3rd conj.absciderit, abscindit, abscindī, abscissus | to tear off, cut off; to separate, divideEnglish abscissa | 4 | 8 |
| abscissiō, abscissiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.abscissiōnem | a cutting offfrom abscindō "cut off" | 1 | 8 |
| abstineō, abstinēre, abstinuī, abstentumverb, 2nd conj.abstinendum, abstineās | to keep away, hold back; to refrain from (+ abl. or ā, ab)English abstain | 2 | 18 |
| absurdus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.absurdissimārum | out of tune, harsh-sounding; out of place, absurd, senselessEnglish absurd | 1 | 19 |
| accēdō, accēdere, accessī, accessumverb, 3rd conj.accesserit, accēdis, accēdit, accēdunt | to approach; to be added, come in besidesEnglish accede | 5 | 11 |
| accersō (arcessō), accersere, accersīvī, accersītumverb, 3rd conj.accersentī | to send for, summon, fetch; perf. part. accersītus, far-fetched, forced, affected | 1 | 25 |
| accingō, accingere, accīnxī, accīnctumverb, 3rd conj.accinge | to gird on, gird; (sē accingere ad) to get ready for, set aboutad + cingō "gird" | 1 | 16 |
| accipiō, accipere, accēpī, acceptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)accepta, accipe, accēpit, accēpī | to receive, accept; to take, hear, learn; (alicui aliquid acceptum ferre) to enter as received from someone, to credit to someone, owe to someoneEnglish accept | 4 | 4 |
| acerbus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.acerba | bitter, sour; (of fruit) unripe; harsh, painful, grievousEnglish acerbic | 1 | 35 |
| acquiēscō, acquiēscere, acquiēvī, acquiētumverb, 3rd conj.acquiēscere | to rest, find rest; to rest content with, acquiesce in (in + abl.)English acquiesce | 1 | 20 |
| āctiō, āctiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.āctiō, āctiōne, āctiōneque, āctiōnibus, āctiōnēs | action, act, deed; a legal actionEnglish action | 7 | 1 |
| ad (+ acc.)preposition + acc.ad | to, towards; at, near; for (the purpose of); with a gerund, to …-ing, for …-ing | 27 | 2 |
| adhaec (ad haec)adverbadhaec | besides, moreover, in additionGataker writes ad haec as one word | 1 | 1 |
| adhaereō, adhaerēre, adhaesī, adhaesumverb, 2nd conj.adhaeserat, adhaesit | to stick to, cling to, hold fast to (+ dat.)English adhere | 2 | 8 |
| adhibeō, adhibēre, adhibuī, adhibitumverb, 2nd conj.adhibeantur, adhibendam, adhibuit | to bring to, apply, employ, use (cūram adhibēre, to apply care); to summon | 3 | 6 |
| adjiciō, adjicere, adjēcī, adjectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)adjēceris | to throw to, add, apply; calculum adjicere, to agree withEnglish adjective | 1 | 21 |
| admīrātiō, admīrātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.admīrātiōnī | wonder, astonishment; admirationEnglish admiration | 1 | 18 |
| admodumadverbadmodum | very, quite, extremely; fully | 1 | 16 |
| admoneō, admonēre, admonuī, admonitumverb, 2nd conj.admonueris | to remind; to advise, warn, admonishEnglish admonish | 1 | 18 |
| adversus (adversum)preposition + acc.adversus | towards, facing; against; in relation to, towards (a person)English adverse | 6 | 2 |
| advertō, advertere, advertī, adversumverb, 3rd conj.advertit | to turn towards; to turn the mind to, notice, take noteEnglish advert | 1 | 8 |
| adūlor, adūlārī, adūlātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.adūlēris | to fawn on, flatterEnglish adulation | 1 | 18 |
| aegrēadverbaegrē, aegrēve | with difficulty, hardly, scarcely; with displeasure; aegrē ferre, to take ill, resentfrom aeger "sick" | 5 | 8 |
| aequanimitās, aequanimitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.aequanimitātem | evenness of mind, calmness, equanimity; patience, forbearanceEnglish equanimity | 1 | 20 |
| aequus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.aequumque, aequō | level, even; equal; fair, just; calm; ex aequō, equallyEnglish equal | 3 | 9 |
| āereus (āerius), -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.āereum | of the air, airy; (n. as noun) the airy elementfrom āēr, air; not aereus "of bronze", from aes | 1 | 20 |
| aevum, aevī n.noun, 2nd decl.aevī | time, eternity; age, lifetime; an eramedium aevum, the Middle Ages: English medieval | 1 | 1 |
| affectātiō, affectātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.affectātiō | a striving after, eager pursuit; affectation, studied mannerEnglish affectation | 1 | 15 |
| affectiō, affectiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.affectiōnēs | a state or condition (of body or mind); feeling, emotion; fondnessEnglish affection | 1 | 19 |
| affectus, affectūs m.noun, 4th decl.affectibus, affectum, affectū | state of mind, disposition; feeling, passionEnglish affect, affection | 4 | 9 |
| afficiō, afficere, affēcī, affectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)affectum, affectus, afficiāris | to affect, influence; (aliquem aliqua re) to treat someone with something, visit something on someoneEnglish affect | 3 | 2 |
| agō, agere, ēgī, āctumverb, 3rd conj.agant, agendī, agendō, agere, agunt, agās, agēbat, ēgerit, ēgisse | to do, act, perform; to drive, lead; to spend (time); (gerundive agendus) to be done; (impersonal pass., agitur cum aliquō) it goes (well or ill) with someoneEnglish agent, act | 12 | 1 |
| agrestis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.agrestem | of the fields, in the country, rural, rustic; boorishfrom ager, field | 1 | 22 |
| aliāsadverbaliās | at another time; otherwise, in other respectsEnglish alias | 1 | 18 |
| alibīadverbalibī | elsewhere, in another placeEnglish alibi | 1 | 18 |
| aliēnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.aliēnō | another's; foreign, strange; alien to, unsuited to (+ ā/ab and abl., or dat.)English alien | 1 | 18 |
| aliōquī (aliōquīn)adverbaliōquī | otherwise, in other respects; besides; in any casealius + quī, "in another way" | 1 | 34 |
| aliquis, aliqua, aliquid (adj. aliquī, aliqua, aliquod)indefinite pronounalicui, alicujus, aliquam, aliquem, aliquid | someone, something; (as adjective) some, any | 6 | 1 |
| aliteradverbaliter | otherwise, differently, in another way; aliter quam, otherwise thanfrom alius | 1 | 6 |
| alius, alia, aliud (gen. alterīus)adjective, irregularalia, aliud, alius, aliī, aliīs, aliīsque, aliō, aliōrum, aliōs, alīus | other, another; (pl.) others, other peopleEnglish alias, alien | 15 | 1 |
| altē (comp. altius, superl. altissimē)adverbaltius | high, on high; deeply, deepfrom altus "high, deep" | 1 | 18 |
| alter, altera, alterum (gen. alterīus)pronominal adjectivealter, alterī, alterīus | the one, the other (of two); a second; anotherEnglish alternate | 4 | 8 |
| amāsius, amāsiī m.noun, 2nd decl.amāsius | a lover, sweetheart; (in Gataker, 11.15) the one lovedfrom amō "love" | 1 | 15 |
| ambiō, ambīre, ambīvī (ambiī), ambītumverb, 4th conj.ambit | to go round, surround, encircle; to canvass, solicitEnglish ambient, ambition | 1 | 1 |
| amīcitia, amīcitiae f.noun, 1st decl.amīcitiā | friendship; an alliancefrom amīcus "friend"; English amity | 1 | 15 |
| amīcus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.amīcum, amīcīs | friendly, dear, welcomeEnglish amicable | 2 | 9 |
| amō, amāre, amāvī, amātumverb, 1st conj.amantis | to love, be fond of; (pres. part. amāns) loving, affectionate; (+ gen.) fond of, a lover ofEnglish amorous, amiable | 1 | 15 |
| amor, amōris m.noun, 3rd decl.amōris | love; desireEnglish amorous | 1 | 18 |
| amplē (comp. amplius, superl. amplissimē)adverbamplius | fully, abundantly; comp. amplius more, further, any longer | 3 | 1 |
| amplector, amplectī, amplexus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.amplecteris | to embrace, clasp; to welcome, accept; to value, esteem | 1 | 13 |
| anconjunctionan | or (in questions); whether | 4 | 18 |
| angō, angere, anxīverb, 3rd conj.angimur | to squeeze, choke; to distress, torment, troubleEnglish anxious, anguish | 1 | 18 |
| anima, animae f.noun, 1st decl.anima, animae, animā, animās | breath, air; life, the life-breath; soulEnglish animate | 7 | 1 |
| animadvertō, animadvertere, animadvertī, animadversumverb, 3rd conj.animadverterit | to turn the mind to, notice, observe; to punishEnglish animadversion | 1 | 1 |
| animal, animālis n.noun, 3rd decl.animālibus | living creature, animalEnglish animal | 1 | 1 |
| animāns, animantis m., f. or n.noun, 3rd decl. (present participle of animō)animantium | a living being, animal, creature | 1 | 18 |
| animus, animī m.noun, 2nd decl.animus, animī, animō | mind, spirit; heart, feelings; ex animō sincerelyEnglish animosity | 6 | 9 |
| annōn (an nōn)interrogative particleannōn | or not?; (opening a question) is it not?, expecting the answer "yes"an + nōn | 1 | 13 |
| annus, annī m.noun, 2nd decl.annōs | yearEnglish annual | 1 | 1 |
| antecessor, antecessōris m.noun, 3rd decl.antecessōrēs | one who goes before, a predecessor; (pl.) forebears, ancestorsfrom antecēdō; English ancestor | 1 | 1 |
| antīquus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.antīquiōra, antīquōrum | ancient, old, of former times; venerableEnglish antique | 2 | 20 |
| anxiēadverbanxiē | anxiously, with worry; over-carefullyEnglish anxious | 1 | 10 |
| apis, apis f.noun, 3rd decl.apēs | a beeEnglish apiary | 1 | 18 |
| appāreō, appārēre, appāruī, appāritumverb, 2nd conj.appāreat | to appear, come into view; to be plain, be evidentEnglish appear, apparent | 1 | 15 |
| appellō, appellāre, appellāvī, appellātumverb, 1st conj.appellābat | to address, speak to; to call by name, name, call; to appeal toEnglish appeal, appellation; not appellere "to bring to land" (appello.v) | 1 | 23 |
| appetītus, appetītūs m.noun, 4th decl.appetītū | a longing, desire; appetite; (in philosophy) impulse, the urge to actEnglish appetite | 1 | 37 |
| appetō, appetere, appetīvī, appetītumverb, 3rd conj.appetit | to strive after, seek, long for; to make for, attack; (pres. part. appetēns + gen.) desirous ofEnglish appetite | 1 | 18 |
| apudpreposition + acc.apud | at, by, near; among, in the presence of; at the house of | 1 | 34 |
| aqueus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.aqueum | of water, watery; (n. as noun) the watery elementfrom aqua; English aqueous | 1 | 20 |
| arbor, arboris f.noun, 3rd decl.arborum | a treeEnglish arboreal, arbour | 1 | 1 |
| ariēs, arietis m.noun, 3rd decl.ariēs | a ram; a battering-ramthe constellation Aries | 1 | 18 |
| armentum, armentī n.noun, 2nd decl.armentō | a herd (of cattle or horses); cattle | 1 | 18 |
| ars, artis f.noun, 3rd decl.arte, artem, artibus, artēs | skill, craft, art; a method, technique; artificeEnglish art, artisan | 5 | 5 |
| artifex, artificis m.noun, 3rd decl.artificis | a craftsman, artisan; an artist; a master, expertars "craft" + facere "make"; English artificer | 1 | 10 |
| artificium, artificiī n.noun, 2nd decl.artificium | a craft, art, profession; skill, workmanship; a trick, artificears + faciō; English artifice | 1 | 6 |
| artō, artāre, artāvī, artātumverb, 1st conj.artatque | to fit closely, press together, compress; to draw tight, confine, restrictalso spelled arctō; from artus, tight | 1 | 1 |
| assēnsus, assēnsūs m.noun, 4th decl.assēnsum | assent, agreement, approval; (Stoic) the mind's acceptance of an impressionfrom assentior; English assent | 1 | 37 |
| assentor, assentārī, assentātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.assentantur | to agree with everything, flatter, fawn on (+ dat.)not assentior "assent" | 1 | 14 |
| assequor, assequī, assecūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.assequitur | to follow up, overtake; to reach, attain, achieve; to grasp, understand | 1 | 1 |
| assideō, assidēre, assēdī, assessumverb, 2nd conj.assidet | to sit by, sit beside (+ dat.); to attend, wait on; to sit in councilalso adsideō, from ad + sedeō; English assiduous, assessor | 1 | 33 |
| astō (adstō), astāre, astitīverb, 1st conj.astantī, astiterit | to stand by, stand near (+ dat.); to stand up, stand readyad + stō "stand" | 2 | 15 |
| astrum, astrī n.noun, 2nd decl.astrī | a star, heavenly body; (pl.) the stars, the heavensEnglish astronomy, disaster | 1 | 27 |
| atconjunctionat | but, yet; at vērō, but surely, but indeed | 3 | 13 |
| atomus, atomī f.noun, 2nd decl. (Greek)atomōs | an atom, an indivisible particle (of Epicurean physics)English atom | 1 | 18 |
| atque, acconjunctionac, atque | and, and also, and indeed; (after words of likeness or difference) as, thanac is the short form, used before consonants | 11 | 9 |
| atquīconjunctionatquī | but, and yet, however; now (bringing in the next step of an argument) | 1 | 10 |
| attingō, attingere, attigī, attāctumverb, 3rd conj.attāctō | to touch; to lay hands on (also of sexual contact); to reach; to touch on, concernEnglish attain | 1 | 18 |
| attollō, attollereverb, 3rd conj.attollitur | to lift up, raise; to exaltad + tollō "lift" | 1 | 20 |
| avārus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.avārōs | greedy, covetous, avaricious; (as noun) a miserEnglish avarice | 1 | 18 |
| āversātiō, āversātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.āversātiōnem | aversion, a turning away from, loathingEnglish aversion | 1 | 37 |
| āversor, āversārī, āversātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.āversātur, āversātus | to turn away from, shun, reject (+ acc.)English aversion | 2 | 8 |
| āvertō, āvertere, āvertī, āversumverb, 3rd conj.āvertere | to turn away, turn aside; to divert, avertEnglish avert | 1 | 9 |
| autconjunctionaut | or; (aut … aut) either … or | 1 | 1 |
| autemconjunctionautem | but, however; and, moreover (never first in its clause) | 7 | 2 |
| beneadverbbene, melius, optimē | well, rightly, properly; (bene sē habēre) to be well, be in good orderEnglish benefit, benediction | 3 | 5 |
| beneficium, beneficiī n.noun, 2nd decl.beneficium | kindness, favour, benefit, service; (abl.) by the help, thanks toEnglish benefit, benefice | 1 | 4 |
| benevolus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.benevolum, benevolus | well-wishing, kindly, benevolentEnglish benevolent | 3 | 9 |
| benignēadverbbenignē | kindly, generously, courteouslyfrom benignus "kind"; English benign | 1 | 13 |
| bonus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.bona, bonum, bonumque, bonus, meliōra | good; (masc. pl. as noun) good men, the good; (neut. pl.) good things, goodsEnglish bonus | 5 | 15 |
| brevis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.breve, brevī | short, briefEnglish brevity | 2 | 16 |
| caeterus, -a, -um (cēterus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl. (mostly plural)caetera, caeterārum, caeterāsque | the other, the rest; (m. pl. as noun) caeterī the others, the restGataker's spelling of cēterus; English et cetera | 3 | 6 |
| cantilēna, cantilēnae f.noun, 1st decl.cantilēnam | a song, tune, ditty; an old song, a refrainfrom cantō, sing | 1 | 2 |
| caput, capitis n.noun, 3rd decl.capita | head; life; chief point, chapter; capitalEnglish capital, chapter | 1 | 18 |
| carpō, carpere, carpsī, carptumverb, 3rd conj.carpant, carpit | to pluck, pick, gather; to enjoy, make use of; to carp at, slandercarpe diem, pick the day; English carp (at) | 2 | 1 |
| cāsus, cāsūs m.noun, 4th decl.cāsuum | a fall; chance, accident; event, mishap, misfortuneEnglish case, casual | 1 | 6 |
| caveō, cavēre, cāvī, cautumverb, 2nd conj.cavendae, cavendum, cavēbō | to beware of, guard against; to take careEnglish caution, caveat | 3 | 13 |
| causa, causae f.noun, 1st decl.caussā, causā | cause, reason; a case at law; (abl. causā + gen.) for the sake ofEnglish cause | 3 | 18 |
| cautēla, cautēlae f.noun, 1st decl.cautēlā | caution, care, watchfulness; (in law) a precaution, securitylate Latin, from caveō, cautum "beware"; English caution | 1 | 16 |
| cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsumverb, 2nd conj.cēnsendō | to assess, rate; to think, judge, be of the opinion; to propose, decreeEnglish census, censor | 1 | 19 |
| cernō, cernere, crēvī, crētumverb, 3rd conj.cernit | to sift, separate; to see, perceive, discern; to decideEnglish discern | 2 | 1 |
| certāmen, certāminis n.noun, 3rd decl.certāmen | contest, competition, match; struggle, battle | 1 | 38 |
| certēadverbcertē | certainly, surely; at leastfrom certus | 1 | 18 |
| certus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.certa, certī, certīs | fixed, definite, settled; certain, sureEnglish certain | 3 | 1 |
| chārus (cārus), -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.cārum | dear, beloved; precious, costlyGataker's spelling of cārus; English charity | 1 | 31 |
| Chrīstiānus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.chrīstiānōrum | Christian; (m. as noun) a Christian, (pl.) the Christians, the followers of Christfrom Chrīstus; English Christian | 1 | 3 |
| circumstō, circumstāre, circumstetīverb, 1st conj.circumstiterint | to stand round, surround, encircle; (pres. part.) surrounding, attendantEnglish circumstance | 1 | 18 |
| Cithaerōn, Cithaerōnis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.cithaerōn | Cithaeron, the mountain range between Boeotia and Attica on which the infant Oedipus was left to die; in Sophocles' Oedipus the King the blinded Oedipus cries out to it | 1 | 6 |
| citrāpreposition + acc.citrā | on this side of; short of; (later Latin, often in Gataker) withoutGataker uses it as a synonym of sine | 1 | 3 |
| cīvīlis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.cīvīlis, cīvīlī | of citizens, civil, civic; public, political; social, courteousEnglish civil | 2 | 8 |
| clanculumadverbclanculum | secretly, privately, on the quietdiminutive of clam "secretly" | 1 | 16 |
| coalēscō, coalēscere, coaluī, coalitumverb, 3rd conj.coalēscere | to grow together, unite, become one; (perf. part. coalitus) grown together, unitedco- + alēscō "grow up"; English coalesce | 1 | 8 |
| coelum, coelī n.noun, 2nd decl.coelum | the sky, the heavens; heaven; climate, weatherGataker's spelling of caelum; English celestial | 1 | 27 |
| cōgitātiō, cōgitātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.cōgitātiō | thinking, thought; reflection; an ideaEnglish cogitation | 1 | 19 |
| cōgitō, cōgitāre, cōgitāvī, cōgitātumverb, 1st conj.cōgitā | to think, consider, reflect; to intendEnglish cogitate | 6 | 17 |
| cognātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.cognātum | related by birth, kindred, akin; (as noun) a relativeEnglish cognate | 1 | 9 |
| cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctumverb, 3rd conj.cōgere | to drive together, collect; to compel, forceEnglish cogent | 1 | 16 |
| cohaereō, cohaerēre, cohaesī, cohaesumverb, 2nd conj.cohaesit | to cling together, hang together; to be connected, bound up with (+ dat. or cum)English cohere, coherent | 1 | 8 |
| cohibeō, cohibēre, cohibuī, cohibitumverb, 2nd conj.cohibendōs, cohibeās | to hold together, contain; to hold back, restrain, checkcom- + habeō "hold" | 2 | 18 |
| collocō, collocāre, collocāvī, collocātumverb, 1st conj.collocābant | to place, set, station; to investEnglish collocate | 1 | 24 |
| colō, colere, coluī, cultumverb, 3rd conj.coluerint | to till, cultivate; to tend, care for; to honour, worshipEnglish cult, cultivate | 1 | 26 |
| commonefaciō, commonefacere, commonefēcī, commonefactumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)commonefacerent | to remind, call to mind; to warn, admonishcommoneō "remind" + faciō; compare commonefactiō | 1 | 6 |
| commoneō, commonēre, commonuī, commonitumverb, 2nd conj.commoneāmur | to remind (acc. of the person, dē + abl. of the thing); to impress upon, warncom + moneō "warn" | 1 | 27 |
| commūniō, commūniōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.commūniōnem, commūniōnī | sharing, fellowship, communityEnglish communion | 2 | 20 |
| commūnis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.commūne, commūnibus, commūnī | common, shared, public; (+ gen. or dat.) common to; in commūne, for the common goodEnglish common, community | 4 | 4 |
| commūnitās, commūnitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.commūnitāte | community, fellowship; the common good; a sense of fellowshipfrom commūnis "common"; English community | 1 | 8 |
| cōmoedia, cōmoediae f.noun, 1st decl.cōmoedia | a comedy; (vetus, media, nova cōmoedia) the Old, Middle and New Comedy of AthensGreek kōmōidia; English comedy | 2 | 6 |
| comperiō, comperīre, comperī, compertumverb, 4th conj.compertum | to find out, learn for certain; compertum habeō I know for certain | 1 | 7 |
| complector, complectī, complexus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.complectitur | to embrace, clasp; to encompass, include, contain; to grasp (with the mind)English complex | 1 | 10 |
| complēmentum, complēmentī n.noun, 2nd decl.complēmentum | that which fills up or completes, a complementfrom compleō "fill up"; English complement | 1 | 8 |
| compōnō, compōnere, composuī, compositumverb, 3rd conj.compositus, compositā, compōnendōs | to put together, compose; to arrange, order; to settle, calm; (sē compōnere) to compose oneselfEnglish compose | 3 | 13 |
| compositēadverbcompositē | in an orderly way, with composure; skilfullyEnglish composed | 1 | 3 |
| comprehendō, comprehendere, comprehendī, comprehēnsumverb, 3rd conj.comprehendit | to seize, grasp; to take in, embrace, include; to grasp with the mind, understandEnglish comprehend | 1 | 1 |
| comprimō, comprimere, compressī, compressumverb, 3rd conj.comprimitur | to press together, squeeze, compress; to check, restrainEnglish compress | 1 | 12 |
| cōnātus, cōnātūs m.noun, 4th decl.cōnātūs | attempt, effort; impulse, inclinationfrom cōnor "try" | 2 | 21 |
| concēdō, concēdere, concessī, concessumverb, 3rd conj.concēdere, concēditur | to go away, withdraw; to give way to, yield to (+ dat.); to grant, allowEnglish concede | 3 | 10 |
| concinnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.concinnā | well put together, neat, elegant; harmonious, fittingEnglish concinnity | 1 | 2 |
| concipiō, concipere, concēpī, conceptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)concipimus | to take in, receive; to conceive; to form (an idea) in the mind, imagineEnglish conceive, concept | 1 | 18 |
| concurrō, concurrere, concurrī, concursumverb, 3rd conj.concurrit | to run together, flock together; to meet, clash; to combine, work togetherEnglish concur | 1 | 12 |
| conditiō, conditiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.conditiōne | condition, state, situation; make-up, constitution; position in life, rank; termsGataker's spelling of condiciō; English condition | 1 | 5 |
| conditor, conditōris m.noun, 3rd decl.conditōre | a founder, builder; an author, makerfrom condō "found, build" | 1 | 8 |
| condō, condere, condidī, conditumverb, 3rd conj.condita | to put together, found, build; to put away, store; to bury; to hide | 2 | 18 |
| condūcō, condūcere, condūxī, conductumverb, 3rd conj.condūcat | to bring together; to hire; (+ dat.) to be useful, be of benefit toEnglish conducive | 2 | 4 |
| cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, collātumirregular verbcollātam | to bring together, collect; to compare; to confer, bestow; sē cōnferre, to betake oneselfEnglish confer, collate | 1 | 25 |
| cōnfestimadverbcōnfestim | immediately, at once, without delay | 1 | 19 |
| cōnfigūrō, cōnfigūrāre, cōnfigūrāvī, cōnfigūrātumverb, 1st conj.cōnfigūrārī | to shape after, form alike; (pass.) to be conformed, take the same shapecon- + figūra "shape"; English configure | 1 | 8 |
| cōnfruticor, cōnfruticārīdeponent verb, 1st conj.cōnfruticārī | to grow together as one bush, share one stem (with)con- + frutex "bush"; apparently coined by Gataker for Greek homothamnein | 1 | 8 |
| congruus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.congrua, congruum, congruus | agreeing, fitting, suitable, in harmonyfrom congruō "agree"; English congruous | 3 | 16 |
| cōnor, cōnārī, cōnātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.cōnantur | to try, attempt, endeavourthe noun cōnātus "attempt" is from it | 1 | 9 |
| cōnscientia, cōnscientiae f.noun, 1st decl.cōnscientia | knowledge shared with another; consciousness, awareness; conscience, the inner sense of right and wrongEnglish conscience | 1 | 19 |
| cōnsīderātēadverbcōnsīderātē | thoughtfully, with deliberation, carefullyfrom cōnsīderātus "well considered" | 1 | 3 |
| cōnsīderō, cōnsīderāre, cōnsīderāvī, cōnsīderātumverb, 1st conj.cōnsīderat, cōnsīderā, cōnsīderātās, cōnsīderāverit | to look at closely, examine; to reflect on, considerEnglish consider | 4 | 1 |
| cōnsīdō, cōnsīdere, cōnsēdī, cōnsessumverb, 3rd conj.cōnsīdit, cōnsīdēbant | to sit down, settle; to sink down, subside, collapse | 2 | 12 |
| cōnsistō, cōnsistere, cōnstitī, cōnstitumverb, 3rd conj.cōnsistat, cōnstiterit | to stand still, stop; (in + abl.) to consist in, rest on; (ex + abl.) to be made up ofEnglish consist | 2 | 1 |
| cōnspicor, cōnspicārī, cōnspicātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.cōnspicārentur | to catch sight of, see, noticerelated to cōnspiciō "look at"; English conspicuous | 1 | 28 |
| cōnspīrō, cōnspīrāre, cōnspīrāvī, cōnspīrātumverb, 1st conj.cōnspīrāvit | to breathe together; to agree, act in harmony; to plot, conspireEnglish conspire | 1 | 8 |
| cōnstāns, gen. cōnstantisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)cōnstantī | standing firm, steady, unchanging; consistent; resolutethe present participle of cōnstō; English constant | 1 | 9 |
| cōnstanteradverbcōnstanter | firmly, steadily, consistentlyEnglish constantly | 1 | 8 |
| cōnsternō, cōnsternāre, cōnsternāvī, cōnsternātumverb, 1st conj.cōnsternātum | to alarm, dismay, throw into panic; to terrifyEnglish consternation; not to be confused with cōnsternō, cōnsternere "strew, cover" | 1 | 9 |
| cōnstō, cōnstāre, cōnstitī, cōnstātūrusverb, 1st conj.cōnstat | to stand firm; to agree; to consist of (+ abl. or ex); impersonal cōnstat it is agreedEnglish constant | 2 | 6 |
| cōnsuēscō, cōnsuēscere, cōnsuēvī, cōnsuētumverb, 3rd conj.cōnsuēvit | to become accustomed, grow used to; (perfect) cōnsuēvī I am accustomed, I am in the habit of (+ inf.)cf. cōnsuētūdō "custom" | 1 | 8 |
| cōnsummātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl. (participle of cōnsummō)cōnsummātissima | complete, perfect, accomplishedEnglish consummate | 1 | 10 |
| contemnō, contemnere, contempsī, contemptumverb, 3rd conj.contemnit, contemnunt, contemnēs, contemptum | to despise, scorn, think little ofEnglish contempt | 4 | 2 |
| contemplor, contemplārī, contemplātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.contemplātur | to look at attentively, gaze at; to contemplate, considerEnglish contemplate | 1 | 1 |
| contemptus, contemptūs m.noun, 4th decl.contemptū | contempt, scorn; contemptuī habēre, to hold in contemptEnglish contempt | 1 | 13 |
| contendō, contendere, contendī, contentumverb, 3rd conj.contenditis | to stretch, strain; to strive, hasten towards; to contend, compete; to assertEnglish contend | 1 | 39 |
| contingō, contingere, contigī, contāctumverb, 3rd conj.contigerit, contigisse | to touch; to reach; (with dat.) to happen to, befallEnglish contingent, contact | 2 | 13 |
| contrārius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.contrārium | opposite, contrary; opposed, hostile; (n. as noun) the oppositeEnglish contrary | 1 | 20 |
| contumēliōsēadverbcontumēliōsē | insultingly, abusively, with contemptfrom contumēlia "insult" | 2 | 13 |
| contumēliōsus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.contumēliōsus | insulting, abusive, insolentfrom contumēlia "insult" | 1 | 18 |
| conturbō, conturbāre, conturbāvī, conturbātumverb, 1st conj.conturbant | to throw into confusion, disturb, upset, trouble | 1 | 18 |
| conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventumverb, 4th conj.conveniat | to come together, meet; to agree; to fit, suit, be appropriate (+ dat.)English convene, convenient | 1 | 13 |
| cor, cordis n.noun, 3rd decl.cor | the heart; (figuratively) the mind, feelings, spiritEnglish cordial, core | 1 | 31 |
| corpus, corporis n.noun, 3rd decl.corpore, corporī | body; matter; (pl.) material thingsEnglish corpse, corporal | 2 | 3 |
| crāsadverbcrās | tomorrow; in the futureEnglish procrastinate | 1 | 34 |
| crassus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.crassīs | thick, dense, fat; gross, coarse, crudeEnglish crass | 1 | 19 |
| cultor, cultōris m.noun, 3rd decl.cultōrēs | a tiller, cultivator; one who cherishes or fosters, a devotee; a worshipperfrom colō "till, cherish"; English culture | 1 | 8 |
| cumconjunctioncum | when; since; although; (cum … tum) both … and above all, not only … but also | 10 | 1 |
| cumpreposition + abl.cum | with; joined to the end of personal pronouns: mēcum, tēcum | 6 | 8 |
| cūnctus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.cūncta | all, the whole; (n. pl. as noun) cūncta, all things, everything | 1 | 15 |
| cupiō, cupere, cupīvī, cupītumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)cupiam, cupiunt | to desire, wish, long for, wantEnglish cupidity | 2 | 13 |
| cūradverbcūr | why? for what reason? | 1 | 39 |
| cursus, cursūs m.noun, 4th decl.cursum | running; a course, way; the course (of life, of a stream); a voyagefrom currō "run"; English course | 1 | 27 |
| damnum, damnī n.noun, 2nd decl.damnum | loss, damage, harm, injury; a fineEnglish damage | 1 | 18 |
| dē (+ abl.)preposition + abl.dē | down from, from; about, concerning; for | 17 | 2 |
| dēbeō, dēbēre, dēbuī, dēbitumverb, 2nd conj.dēbeat | to owe; (+ inf.) ought, mustEnglish debt | 1 | 21 |
| decet, decēre, decuitimpersonal verb, 2nd conj.decet | it befits, it becomes, it is fitting (+ acc. of the person)English decent | 1 | 6 |
| decimus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl. (ordinal numeral)decimum | tenthEnglish decimal | 1 | 18 |
| dēcipiō, dēcipere, dēcēpī, dēceptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)dēceptū | to deceive, cheat, mislead; (pass.) to be mistaken, go astrayEnglish deceive, deception | 1 | 10 |
| dēcrētum, dēcrētī n.noun, 2nd decl.dēcrēta, dēcrētīs | decision, decree; in philosophy, a doctrine, principleEnglish decree | 2 | 18 |
| dēfectiō, dēfectiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.dēfectiō | a falling away, desertion, revolt; failure, weakness; (of the sun or moon) an eclipseEnglish defection | 1 | 20 |
| dēfluō, dēfluere, dēflūxī, dēflūxumverb, 3rd conj.dēflūxit | to flow down, run down; to come down from, be derived from; to slip away; (in + acc.) to sink gradually into, decline intodē "down" + fluō "flow" | 1 | 6 |
| dējiciō, dējicere, dējēcī, dējectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)dējicere | to throw down, cast down; (perf. part. dējectus) downcast, dejectedEnglish dejected | 1 | 6 |
| deincepsadverbdeinceps | afterwards, thereafter; one after another | 1 | 6 |
| dēlinquō, dēlinquere, dēlīquī, dēlictumverb, 3rd conj.dēlinquunt | to fail, fall short; to do wrong, offend; pres. part. as a noun, a wrongdoerEnglish delinquent | 2 | 18 |
| dēmetō, dēmetere, dēmessuī, dēmessumverb, 3rd conj.dēmetī | to mow, reap, cut down; to harvestdē + metō "reap" | 1 | 34 |
| dēniqueadverbdēnique | finally, at last; in short; at least | 1 | 8 |
| dēnuōadverbdēnuō | anew, afresh; againfrom dē novō | 1 | 8 |
| deorsumadverbdeorsum | downwards, down | 1 | 20 |
| dēōsculor, dēōsculārī, dēōsculātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.dēōsculantī | to kiss warmly, kiss fondlydē + ōsculor "kiss" (from ōs "mouth") | 1 | 34 |
| dēprehendō, dēprehendere, dēprehendī, dēprehēnsumverb, 3rd conj.dēprehendar, dēprehēnsa, dēprehēnsae | to seize, catch; to catch in the act, detect, findEnglish apprehend | 3 | 1 |
| dēserō, dēserere, dēseruī, dēsertumverb, 3rd conj.dēserit, dēsertae | to leave, abandon, desert; to neglect, fail in (a duty)English desert | 2 | 9 |
| dēsignō, dēsignāre, dēsignāvī, dēsignātumverb, 1st conj.dēsignat | to mark out, point out; to denote, distinguish; to appointEnglish designate | 1 | 34 |
| dēsinō, dēsinere, dēsiī, dēsitumverb, 3rd conj.dēsinās | to stop, cease, leave off (+ inf.) | 1 | 4 |
| dēsistō, dēsistere, dēstitī, dēstitumverb, 3rd conj.dēsistere | to leave off, stop, give up (ab + abl., abl., or inf.)English desist | 1 | 9 |
| dēterior, dēterius (comp.; superl. dēterrimus)adjective, 3rd decl. (comparative)dēteriōra | worse, inferior, less goodEnglish deteriorate | 2 | 10 |
| dētineō, dētinēre, dētinuī, dētentumverb, 2nd conj.dētinētur | to hold back, detain; to keep occupied, engrossEnglish detain | 1 | 20 |
| dēvincō, dēvincere, dēvīcī, dēvictumverb, 3rd conj.dēvicta | to conquer completely, overcome, subduedē + vincō "conquer" | 1 | 19 |
| deus, deī m.noun, 2nd decl.diī | god; pl. dī, diī or deī, dat./abl. dīs or diīsEnglish deity | 2 | 6 |
| dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictumverb, 3rd conj.dictūrus, dīcere, dīceret, dīcit, dīcuntur, dīcī, dīcō, dīxerit, dīxisse, dīxī | to say, tell, speak; to call, nameEnglish diction, dictate | 13 | 1 |
| dictō, dictāre, dictāvī, dictātumverb, 1st conj.dictāverit | to say often, repeat; to dictate (to a writer); to prescribe, directEnglish dictate | 1 | 19 |
| dictum, dictī n.noun, 2nd decl.dictum | a saying, word, remark; a maximEnglish dictum | 1 | 39 |
| difficilis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.difficile | difficult, hard; (of people) hard to deal withEnglish difficult | 1 | 16 |
| difficulter (difficiliter; comp. difficilius, superl. difficillimē)adverbdifficilius | with difficulty, hardlyfrom difficilis "difficult" | 1 | 8 |
| dignitās, dignitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.dignitāte | worth, merit; rank, standing; dignityEnglish dignity | 2 | 18 |
| dīgnōscō (dīnōscō), dīgnōscereverb, 3rd conj.dīgnōscit | to distinguish, tell apart, discernfrom dis- "apart" + (g)nōscō "get to know" | 1 | 15 |
| dignus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.dignum | worthy, deserving (of + abl., or with a supine in -ū); fitting, appropriateEnglish dignity | 1 | 13 |
| dīligō, dīligere, dīlēxī, dīlēctumverb, 3rd conj.dīligere | to value highly, esteem, loveEnglish predilection | 1 | 1 |
| Diogenēs, Diogenis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.diogenēs | Diogenes of Sinope (c. 412–323 BC), the Cynic philosopher, who lived in deliberate poverty and scorned convention; he is said to have asked Alexander the Great only to stand out of his sunlight | 1 | 6 |
| dīrigō, dīrigere, dīrēxī, dīrēctumverb, 3rd conj.dīrēxerit | to direct, aim; to set straightEnglish direct | 1 | 21 |
| disertus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.disertā | skilful in speaking, eloquent, fluent | 1 | 6 |
| disjūnctiō, disjūnctiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.disjūnctiōne | a separating, separation; (in logic) a disjunctionfrom disjungō; English disjunction | 1 | 2 |
| dispēnsātiō, dispēnsātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.dispēnsātiōnem | management, administration (of a household or estate); distribution; arrangementEnglish dispensation | 1 | 18 |
| dispergō, dispergere, dispersī, dispersumverb, 3rd conj.dispergī | to scatter, spread about, dispersedis- + spargō "scatter"; English disperse | 1 | 3 |
| dispōnō, dispōnere, disposuī, dispositumverb, 3rd conj.disposita, dispōnere | to set in different places; to arrange, set in order, disposeEnglish dispose | 2 | 18 |
| dispositiō, dispositiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.dispositiōnī | arrangement, ordering; (in rhetoric) the arrangement of materialEnglish disposition | 1 | 20 |
| dissociātiō, dissociātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.dissociātiō | a separation, parting, estrangementfrom dissociō "separate"; English dissociation | 1 | 8 |
| dissolūtiō, dissolūtiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.dissolūtiōnis | dissolution, breaking up, destructionEnglish dissolution | 1 | 20 |
| dīvidō, dīvidere, dīvīsī, dīvīsumverb, 3rd conj.dīvīsā | to divide, separate, part; to distributeEnglish divide | 1 | 2 |
| dīvīnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.dīvīnior | divine, of a god; godlikeEnglish divine | 1 | 19 |
| dīvīsimadverbdīvīsim | separately, part by partfrom dīvidō, dīvīsum "divide" | 1 | 16 |
| dō, dare, dedī, datumverb, 1st conj.datur, dētur | to give, grant, allow; datur, it is grantedEnglish data, donate | 2 | 10 |
| doceō, docēre, docuī, doctumverb, 2nd conj.docueris | to teach, instruct; to show, demonstrateEnglish doctor, doctrine | 1 | 18 |
| documentum, documentī n.noun, 2nd decl.documentōrum | a lesson, example, instruction; a precept, principle; a prooffrom doceō, teach; English document | 1 | 5 |
| dolor, dolōris m.noun, 3rd decl.dolōrēs | pain, ache; grief, distress; resentmentEnglish dolorous | 1 | 20 |
| domesticus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.domesticum | of the house or household, domestic; private, one's own; nativefrom domus; English domestic | 1 | 22 |
| dōnecconjunctiondōnec | until; as long as, while | 1 | 20 |
| dōnum, dōnī n.noun, 2nd decl.dōna, dōnum | a gift, present; an offering to a godfrom dō "give"; English donation | 2 | 18 |
| drāmaticus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.drāmaticīs | of the drama, dramatic; (poēta drāmaticus) a writer of playsGreek drāmatikos; English dramatic | 1 | 6 |
| dumconjunctiondum | while; as long as; until; provided that | 3 | 8 |
| duntaxat (dumtaxat)adverbduntaxat | only, merely; at least | 1 | 18 |
| duo, duae, duonumeralduo | twoEnglish duo, dual | 1 | 8 |
| dūrus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.dūra | hard; harsh, rough; stern, unfeeling; difficultEnglish durable, endure | 1 | 32 |
| ecquis, ecquid (adj. ecquī, ecqua or ecquae, ecquod)interrogative pronounecquid | is there anyone who?, anyone?, anything?; (as adjective) any … at all? (usually expecting the answer no) | 1 | 16 |
| ēdoceō, ēdocēre, ēdocuī, ēdoctumverb, 2nd conj.ēdoceāris | to teach thoroughly, instruct, informē "out, thoroughly" + doceō "teach" | 1 | 18 |
| ego, meī; dat. mihi; acc. and abl. mēpersonal pronounego, mihi, mē | I, me; mēcum with meEnglish ego | 11 | 1 |
| ēheuinterjectionēheu | alas! oh! (a cry of grief or pain) | 1 | 6 |
| ejusmodī (ejus modī)indeclinable adjective (genitive of is modus)ejusmodī | of that kind, of such a sort, such; ejusmodī … quī, such as to … | 3 | 1 |
| elementum, elementī n.noun, 2nd decl.elementa | element, first principle; (pl.) the elements, the first beginnings of thingsEnglish element | 1 | 20 |
| ēmigrō, ēmigrāre, ēmigrāvī, ēmigrātumverb, 1st conj.ēmigrāre | to move out, depart, leave one's homeē + migrō; English emigrate | 1 | 3 |
| enimconjunctionenim | for, because; indeed, truly (second in its clause) | 22 | 1 |
| eō, īre, iī (īvī), itum; pres. part. iēns, euntisirregular verbeās | to go | 1 | 2 |
| Epictētus, Epictētī m.proper noun, 2nd decl.epictētus | Epictetus (c. 50–135), Stoic philosopher, once a slave, whose lectures were written down by his pupil Arrian as the Discourses | 2 | 34 |
| Epicūrēus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.epicūrēīs | of Epicurus, Epicurean; (m. as noun) an EpicureanEnglish Epicurean | 1 | 26 |
| ergāpreposition + acc.ergā | towards, in relation to (of feelings, usually friendly) | 3 | 9 |
| ergōadverbergō | therefore, then, consequently | 5 | 8 |
| error, errōris m.noun, 3rd decl.errōrem | a wandering; a mistake, error; delusionEnglish error | 1 | 13 |
| ērubēscō, ērubēscere, ērubuīverb, 3rd conj.ērubēscēs | to grow red, blush; (+ inf.) to be ashamed to; to be ashamed offrom rubeō, be red; English rubescent | 1 | 2 |
| etconjunctionet | and; also, too, even; et … et, both … and | 93 | 1 |
| etenimconjunctionetenim | for, for indeed, and in fact | 2 | 9 |
| etiamadverbetiam | also, too; even; still, yet | 15 | 6 |
| etiamsīconjunctionetiamsī | even if, although | 5 | 16 |
| ēvānēscō, ēvānēscere, ēvānuīverb, 3rd conj.ēvānēscet | to vanish, pass away, fade outEnglish evanescent | 1 | 18 |
| ēventus, ēventūs m.noun, 4th decl.ēventum, ēventuum | an outcome, result; an occurrence, event; what befalls someone, fortunefrom ēveniō; English event | 2 | 6 |
| ē, expreposition + abl.ex, ē | out of, from; made of; since; in accordance with; ex animō sincerely | 8 | 1 |
| exceptiō, exceptiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.exceptiōne | an exception, restriction; (Stoic) a reservation, the condition 'if nothing prevents' attached to an aim; (in Gataker, for Greek apodochē) a receiving, acceptance, from excipiō "receive"English exception | 1 | 37 |
| excidō, excidere, excidīverb, 3rd conj.excidit | to fall out, fall away; to slip out; to be lost; (+ abl.) to fall from, lose, miss (not excīdō, cut out)ex + cadō, fall | 1 | 8 |
| excipiō, excipere, excēpī, exceptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)exceptā | to take out, except; to receive, welcome; to take up, catchEnglish except | 1 | 2 |
| exclāmō, exclāmāre, exclāmāvī, exclāmātumverb, 1st conj.exclāmant | to cry out, call out, exclaimEnglish exclaim | 1 | 6 |
| excūsō, excūsāre, excūsāvī, excūsātumverb, 1st conj.excūsābat | to excuse, apologize for; to plead in excuseEnglish excuse | 1 | 25 |
| excutiō, excutere, excussī, excussumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)excutiant | to shake out, shake off; to throw (a rider), knock out; to examine closelyex + quatiō "shake" | 1 | 9 |
| existō (exsistō), existere, extitī, —verb, 3rd conj.existit | to come forth, emerge; to arise, appear; to be, exist; to prove to beEnglish exist | 1 | 20 |
| exitium, exitiī n.noun, 2nd decl.exitiō | destruction, ruin; death; a cause of ruinfrom exeō "go out" | 1 | 25 |
| exstinguō, exstinguere, exstīnxī, exstīnctumverb, 3rd conj.extinguī | to put out, quench; to kill, destroyEnglish extinguish, extinct | 1 | 3 |
| extendō, extendere, extendī, extentum (extēnsum)verb, 3rd conj.extendit | to stretch out, extend; to strain, exert; to prolongEnglish extend | 1 | 12 |
| exterior, exterius (comp.; superl. extrēmus)adjective, 3rd decl. (comparative)exterius | outer, outward, externalEnglish exterior | 1 | 12 |
| exulcerō, exulcerāre, exulcerāvī, exulcerātumverb, 1st conj.exulcerātō | to make sore, cause to fester; to aggravate, embitter, exasperateex + ulcus "sore"; English ulcerate | 1 | 18 |
| fābula, fābulae f.noun, 1st decl.fābulam, fābulārum | a story, tale; a play, drama; talk, gossipEnglish fable | 2 | 1 |
| facilis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.facilia, facilēs | easy; ready, quick (to); good-natured, easy-goingEnglish facile, facility | 2 | 10 |
| faciō, facere, fēcī, factumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)faciendum, facis, facit, faciunt, faciās, fēceris, fēcerit, fēcī | to make, do; to cause; to make (someone or something) soEnglish fact, factory | 10 | 1 |
| factum, factī n.noun, 2nd decl.factō | a deed, act, thing donethe perfect participle of faciō used as a noun; English fact | 1 | 18 |
| facultās, facultātis f.noun, 3rd decl.facultās | capability, power, faculty; opportunity; means, resourcesEnglish faculty | 1 | 16 |
| fāma, fāmae f.noun, 1st decl.fāmae | report, rumour; reputation, fameEnglish fame | 1 | 18 |
| fastus, fastūs m.noun, 4th decl.fastum | pride, haughtiness, arrogance, disdain | 1 | 6 |
| fateor, fatērī, fassus sumdeponent verb, 2nd conj.fatērī | to admit, confess, acknowledgeEnglish confess | 1 | 2 |
| ferō, ferre, tulī, lātumirregular verbferat, ferre, fers, fert, fertur, ferāmur, ferātur, tulerit | to carry, bear; to bring; to endure; (pass.) to be carried, rushEnglish transfer, ferry | 8 | 10 |
| fīcus, fīcī and fīcūs f.noun, 2nd and 4th decl.fīcum | a fig; a fig treeEnglish fig | 1 | 33 |
| figūra, figūrae f.noun, 1st decl.figūramque | form, shape, figure; appearance; kind, naturefrom fingō, shape; English figure | 1 | 1 |
| fīliolus, fīliolī m.noun, 2nd decl.fīliolum | a little son (a fond diminutive)diminutive of fīlius "son" | 1 | 34 |
| fīlius, fīliī m. (voc. fīlī)noun, 2nd decl.fīlī | a son; (in address, mī fīlī) my son, my childEnglish filial | 2 | 18 |
| fingō, fingere, fīnxī, fictumverb, 3rd conj.fingit | to shape, mould, form; to imagine, suppose; to invent, make up, pretendEnglish fiction, feign | 1 | 1 |
| fīnis, fīnis m.noun, 3rd decl.fīne, fīnem | end, limit, boundary; goal, purpose; (pl.) territoryEnglish final, finish | 2 | 1 |
| fīō, fierī, factus sumirregular verbfierī, fit, fīant, fīat, fīunt, fīās | to be made, be done; to become; to happen, take place | 11 | 1 |
| foedus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.foedius | foul, filthy, loathsome; ugly; shameful, disgracefulnot foedus, foederis n., a treaty (foedus.n) | 1 | 15 |
| forāsadverbforās | out of doors, outside, out (with verbs of motion)an old accusative plural, "to the doors"; compare forīs "outside" | 1 | 28 |
| formīdō, formīdinis f.noun, 3rd decl.formīdinēs | fear, dread, terrorEnglish formidable | 1 | 20 |
| forsanadverbforsan | perhaps | 2 | 18 |
| fortitūdō, fortitūdinis f.noun, 3rd decl.fortitūdinem | strength; courage, braveryEnglish fortitude | 1 | 18 |
| frequenter (comp. frequentius, superl. frequentissimē)adverbfrequentius | often, frequently; in great numbersfrom frequēns "frequent" | 1 | 8 |
| frōns, frontis f.noun, 3rd decl.frontī | the forehead, brow; the face, look; the frontnot frōns, frondis f., a leaf (frons.n); English front | 1 | 15 |
| frūctus, frūctūs m.noun, 4th decl.frūctum, frūctūs | fruit, produce; profit, return; enjoymentEnglish fruit; from fruor "enjoy" | 2 | 1 |
| frūgifer, frūgifera, frūgiferumadjective, 1st/2nd decl.frūgiferās | fruit-bearing, fruitful, fertilefrūx "crop" + ferō "bear" | 1 | 6 |
| fūcātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.fūcāta | dyed, painted; made up, counterfeit, shamperf. part. of fūcō "dye", from fūcus "rouge, disguise" | 1 | 18 |
| fuga, fugae f.noun, 1st decl.fuga | flight, running away; avoidance, shunning; exileEnglish fugitive, refuge | 1 | 11 |
| fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)fugiās, fugiēs | to flee, run away; to pass swiftly; to avoidEnglish fugitive | 2 | 11 |
| fundō, fundere, fūdī, fūsumverb, 3rd conj.fundendō | to pour, pour out; to spread, diffuse; to melt; to scatter, routEnglish fuse, fusion | 1 | 32 |
| geminus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.gemina | twin, twin-born; paired, double; (+ dat.) like, matchingEnglish geminate, Gemini | 1 | 2 |
| generātimadverbgenerātim | by kinds, by classes; in general, generallyfrom genus "kind"; English general | 1 | 18 |
| genuīnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.genuīna, genuīnō | innate, natural, inborn; genuineEnglish genuine | 2 | 18 |
| germinātiō, germinātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.germinātiōne | a sprouting, buddingfrom germen "bud"; English germination | 1 | 8 |
| gerō, gerere, gessī, gestumverb, 3rd conj.gerendī, gerere, gerit, geruntur, gestās | to carry, bear; to carry on, manage; to have, show (a feeling); cūram gerere, to take careEnglish gesture | 6 | 1 |
| gestus, gestūs m.noun, 4th decl.gestibusque | bearing, posture, carriage of the body; gesturefrom gerō "carry"; English gesture | 1 | 2 |
| glōriōsus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.glōriōsum | glorious, famous; boastful, vaingloriousEnglish glorious | 1 | 16 |
| grātia, grātiae f.noun, 1st decl.grātiam, grātiā | favour, goodwill, friendship; thanks; (in grātiam redīre) to be reconciled; (abl. grātiā + gen.) for the sake ofEnglish grace, gratitude | 2 | 10 |
| gravātimadverbgravātim | heavily; reluctantly, unwillinglyfrom gravor "find burdensome, be reluctant" | 1 | 6 |
| gravis, graveadjective, 3rd decl.grave, graviōra | heavy; serious, grievous; severe; weighty, importantEnglish grave, gravity | 2 | 18 |
| gregātimadverbgregātim | in flocks, in herds; in crowdsfrom grex "flock" | 1 | 18 |
| grex, gregis m.noun, 3rd decl.gregī | a flock, herd; a band, companyEnglish gregarious | 1 | 18 |
| habeō, habēre, habuī, habitumverb, 2nd conj.habeat, habenda, habent, habet, habeāmus, habeās, habeō, habuerit, habēbit, habēmus, habēre, habēs, habētō | to have, hold, keep; to consider, regard (habere aliquid suspectum: to regard something as suspect); (opus habere) to need; (sē habēre) to be (in some state), be disposed; (perinde habet, without sē) it is all the sameEnglish habit | 21 | 1 |
| habitus, habitūs m.noun, 4th decl.habitum | condition, state; bearing, dress; a settled disposition, habit (of mind)from habeō; English habit | 1 | 18 |
| haudadverbhaud | not, not at all; haud paucī, not a few | 2 | 18 |
| hic, haec, hocdemonstrative pronounhae, haec, hanc, hic, hoc, huic, hujus, hujusce, hujusque, hunc, hāc, hārum, hīs, hōc, hōrum | this, this here; the latter; he, she, it | 47 | 1 |
| hincadverbhinc | from here, hence; from this, for this reason; (hinc est quod) hence it is thatfrom hic "this" | 1 | 10 |
| hircus, hircī m.noun, 2nd decl.hircum | a he-goat; the rank smell of a goat; (of a man) the smell of the armpitshircum olēre, to smell of the goat | 1 | 15 |
| homō, hominis m.noun, 3rd decl.homine, hominem, hominis, hominum, hominēs, homō | human being, person, manEnglish homicide, Homo sapiens | 12 | 5 |
| hujusmodī (hujus modī)indeclinable adjective (genitive of hic modus)hujusmodī | of this kind, of such a sort, such | 1 | 6 |
| hūmānus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.hūmānam, hūmānius | human, of man; humane, kind; (neut. pl. as noun) human affairsEnglish human | 2 | 18 |
| hiems (hyems), hiemis f.noun, 3rd decl.hyeme | winter; stormy weather, a stormGataker's spelling of hiems | 1 | 33 |
| jamadverbjam | now, already; jam statim at once, at any moment | 3 | 3 |
| ibiadverbibi | there, in that place; then | 1 | 20 |
| īdem, eadem, idemdemonstrative pronouneadem, ejusdem, eundem, eōdem, eōdemque, eōrundem, idem, iīdem, īdem, īdemque | the same; (often) also, likewiseEnglish identical | 16 | 1 |
| idōneus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.idōneum | fit, suitable, capable (for + dat. or ad + acc.) | 1 | 7 |
| igiturconjunctionigitur | therefore, then, accordingly | 1 | 18 |
| ignāvia, ignāviae f.noun, 1st decl.ignāviae | idleness, sloth; cowardicefrom ignāvus "lazy, cowardly" | 1 | 18 |
| igneus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.igneum | of fire, fiery; burning, glowingfrom ignis; English igneous | 1 | 20 |
| ille, illa, illuddemonstrative pronounille, illud, illum, illās, illī, illīs, illō, illōs | that; he, she, it; (of someone well known) that famous | 18 | 6 |
| illūstrō, illūstrāre, illūstrāvī, illūstrātumverb, 1st conj.illūstrātur | to light up, illuminate; to make clear, explain; to make famousEnglish illustrate, illustrious | 1 | 12 |
| imbēcillis, -e (also imbēcillus, -a, -um)adjective, 3rd decl.imbēcillis | weak, feeble, frailEnglish imbecile | 2 | 9 |
| imitor, imitārī, imitātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.imitantur | to imitate, copy; to follow the example ofEnglish imitate | 1 | 10 |
| immēnsitās, immēnsitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.immēnsitātem | immensity, boundlessness, vastnessfrom immēnsus, unmeasured | 1 | 1 |
| immisceō, immiscēre, immiscuī, immixtumverb, 2nd conj.immixtum | to mix in, mingle; (sē immiscēre + dat.) to meddle in, get involved in | 1 | 20 |
| immōrigerus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.immōrigeram | uncompliant, disobedient, unaccommodatingin- "not" + mōrigerus "compliant" (mōs "humour, will" + gerō) | 1 | 20 |
| immōtus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.immōtae | unmoved, motionless; unshaken, steadfast | 1 | 11 |
| immūnitās, immūnitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.immūnitātem | exemption (from duties or taxes); freedom (from), immunityfrom immūnis; English immunity | 1 | 18 |
| immō (imō)adverbimō | no rather, on the contrary; yes indeed, nay moreGataker writes imo | 1 | 20 |
| impediō, impedīre, impedīvī, impedītumverb, 4th conj.impedīre | to entangle; to hinder, hold back, preventEnglish impede | 1 | 9 |
| imprīmīs (in prīmīs)adverbimprīmīs | above all, especially; first of all | 1 | 6 |
| improbus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.improbī | bad, wicked, unprincipled; shameless; (m. pl. as noun) the wickedin- 'not' + probus 'good, honest' | 1 | 18 |
| in (+ acc. or abl.)preposition + acc. or abl.in | with abl.: in, on, among; in the case of; with acc.: into, onto, against, towards | 46 | 1 |
| incessō, incessere, incessīvī (incessī)verb, 3rd conj.incessent | to fall upon, attack, assail; (with words) to rail at (conviciīs, jurgiīs)a strengthened form of incēdō "advance" | 1 | 32 |
| incīdō, incīdere, incīdī, incīsumverb, 3rd conj.incīderīs | to cut into, engrave; to cut short, break offfrom in + caedō "cut"; English incision; not incidō "fall into" | 1 | 1 |
| incipiō, incipere, incēpī, inceptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)incipiās | to begin, start (+ inf.)English incipient, inception | 1 | 18 |
| incōnstāns, gen. incōnstantisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)incōnstantēs | changeable, fickle, inconsistentin- "not" + cōnstāns; English inconstant | 1 | 10 |
| indifferēns, gen. indifferentisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)indifferentēs | indifferent: neither good nor bad (the Stoics' adiaphora); making no differenceEnglish indifferent | 1 | 16 |
| indifferenteradverbindifferenter | without distinction; indifferently, treating a thing as neither good nor badfrom indifferēns | 2 | 16 |
| indignēadverbindignē | unworthily, shamefully; with indignation | 1 | 13 |
| indignor, indignārī, indignātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.indignāris, indignātur | to be indignant at, resent, take offence at (+ acc., or quod; later also + dat.)from indignus "unworthy"; English indignant | 2 | 18 |
| indūcō, indūcere, indūxī, inductumverb, 3rd conj.indūcendae | to lead in, bring in; to bring on (to the stage); to persuade, induce; to draw over, cover; (of writing on a wax tablet) to strike out, cancel, eraseEnglish induce | 1 | 19 |
| indulgeō, indulgēre, indulsī, indultumverb, 2nd conj.indultum | to be kind or indulgent to (+ dat.); to give way to, indulge in (+ dat.)English indulge | 1 | 8 |
| induō, induere, induī, indūtumverb, 3rd conj.indūtum | to put on (clothes); to dress, clothe; to assume, take onthe opposite of exuō "take off" | 1 | 28 |
| ineptēadverbineptē | unsuitably, foolishly, absurdly; (nōn ineptē) not unfittingly, to good purposefrom ineptus | 1 | 6 |
| īnfaustus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.īnfaustum | unlucky, ill-starred, of ill omenin- "not" + faustus "lucky" | 1 | 34 |
| īnferus, -a, -um (comp. īnferior, superl. īnfimus or īmus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl.īnferior | lower, below; comp. īnferior lowerEnglish inferior | 1 | 10 |
| ingenuēadverbingenuē | frankly, openly, candidly; as befits a free-born personfrom ingenuus "free-born"; English ingenuous | 1 | 13 |
| ingrātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.ingrātōs | ungrateful; unpleasant, thanklessEnglish ingrate | 1 | 18 |
| inhonestus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.inhonestum | dishonourable, shameful, disgraceful | 2 | 18 |
| inimīcus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.inimīca | unfriendly, hostile (+ dat.); (as noun) an enemy, a personal foe (+ gen.)in- "not" + amīcus; English inimical | 1 | 19 |
| inīquus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.inīquum | uneven; unfair, unjust; hostilein- "not" + aequus "fair"; English iniquity | 1 | 20 |
| injungō, injungere, injūnxī, injūnctumverb, 3rd conj.injungitur | to join to, fasten on; to lay upon, impose, enjoin (+ dat.)English enjoin | 1 | 20 |
| injūria, injūriae f.noun, 1st decl.injūriās | a wrong, injustice, injury; an insult, outragein- "not" + jūs "right"; English injury | 1 | 20 |
| injūrius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.injūriōs | wrongful, unjust; doing wrong, harmful (to, + dat.)from injūria "wrong"; Gataker writes j | 1 | 18 |
| injūstus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.injūstōs | unjust, wrongful; (as noun) an unjust manin- "not" + jūstus; Gataker writes j | 1 | 18 |
| inquam, inquis, inquitdefective verbinquit | I say; say I (inserted into quoted words or for emphasis) | 3 | 25 |
| īnsānia, īnsāniae f.noun, 1st decl.īnsāniae | madness, insanity; follyfrom īnsānus "mad" | 1 | 18 |
| īnsāniō, īnsānīre, īnsānīvī, īnsānītumverb, 4th conj.īnsāniāmus | to be mad, be out of one's mind; to rave, act foolishlyfrom īnsānus | 1 | 38 |
| īnsānus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.īnsānī | mad, insane; wild, excessiveEnglish insane | 1 | 33 |
| īnscrībō, īnscrībere, īnscrīpsī, īnscrīptumverb, 3rd conj.īnscrībere, īnscrībimus, īnscrīptam | to write on, inscribe (on, + dat. or in + abl.); to entitleEnglish inscribe, inscription | 3 | 15 |
| īnserō, īnserere, īnseruī, īnsertumverb, 3rd conj.īnsertus | to put in, insert; to graft in; to introduceEnglish insert; not īnserō, īnsēvī, īnsitum "sow in, implant" | 1 | 8 |
| īnsincērus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.īnsincērus | not genuine, insincere; tainted, spoiledin- "not" + sincērus; English insincere | 1 | 15 |
| īnstitūtum, īnstitūtī n.noun, 2nd decl.īnstitūtum | a practice, custom; an institution, ordinanceEnglish institute | 2 | 6 |
| īnstruō, īnstruere, īnstrūxī, īnstrūctumverb, 3rd conj.īnstrūcta | to build, set up; to equip, furnish, fit out; to teachEnglish instruct | 1 | 6 |
| īnsuperābilis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.īnsuperābilem | that cannot be crossed; invincible, unconquerablein- "not" + superābilis "that can be overcome" | 1 | 18 |
| integrēadverbintegrē | wholly, entirely, as a whole; honestly, uprightly; correctlyfrom integer "whole" | 1 | 16 |
| inter (+ acc.)preposition + acc.inter | between, among; during; inter sē, with or to one anotherEnglish inter-, international | 1 | 1 |
| interimadverbinterim | meanwhile, in the meantime; for the time beingEnglish interim | 2 | 8 |
| interiusadverb (comparative)interius | on the inside, inwardly, withincomparative of intrā "within"; English interior | 1 | 13 |
| intersum, interesse, interfuīirregular verbinterest | to be between; to be present; (impersonal interest) it makes a difference, it mattersEnglish interest | 1 | 1 |
| intervallum, intervallī n.noun, 2nd decl.intervalla | a space between, gap; an interval of time, pauseliterally the space between the stakes of a rampart (vallum); English interval | 1 | 1 |
| intrāpreposition + acc.intrā | within, insideEnglish intramural | 1 | 18 |
| intrōdūcō, intrōdūcere, intrōdūxī, intrōductumverb, 3rd conj.intrōducta | to lead in, bring in; to introduce, bring into useEnglish introduce | 1 | 6 |
| intusadverbintus | within, inside; from withincompare intrā, interior | 3 | 12 |
| invehō, invehere, invexī, invectumverb, 3rd conj.invectae | to carry in, bring in, introduce; (pass.) to ride or sail in; (pass. or sē invehere, in + acc.) to attack, inveigh againstEnglish inveigh | 1 | 6 |
| inveniō, invenīre, invēnī, inventumverb, 4th conj.inveniendam | to come upon, find; to discover, deviseEnglish invent | 1 | 37 |
| investīgō, investīgāre, investīgāvī, investīgātumverb, 1st conj.investīgā | to track down, search out, investigatefrom vestīgium "footprint"; English investigate | 1 | 16 |
| invicemadverbinvicem | in turn; mutually, one another | 6 | 14 |
| invītus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.invīta | unwilling, reluctant; against one's willthe opposite of volēns "willing" | 1 | 18 |
| ipse, ipsa, ipsum (gen. ipsīus)intensive pronounipsa, ipsae, ipse, ipsum, ipsā, ipsās, ipsī, ipsīs, ipsīus, ipsō, ipsōrum | himself, herself, itself; the very, in person; (gen.) his own | 29 | 1 |
| īra, īrae f.noun, 1st decl.īra, īram | anger, wrath, rageEnglish ire, irate | 3 | 18 |
| īrācundia, īrācundiae f.noun, 1st decl.īrācundiā | proneness to anger, irascibility; anger, wrathfrom īra, anger | 1 | 18 |
| īrāscor, īrāscī, īrātus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.īrāscāris, īrāscī | to be angry, grow angry (with + dat.)English irascible | 3 | 6 |
| irratiōnālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.irratiōnālium | without reason, irrational; (n. pl. as noun) irrational creatures, beastsin- "not" + ratiōnālis; English irrational | 1 | 39 |
| irrēpō (inrēpō), irrēpere, irrēpsī, irrēptumverb, 3rd conj.irrēpserint | to creep in, steal in; to worm one's way inin + rēpō "creep"; English reptile | 1 | 16 |
| irrīsōriēadverbirrīsōriē | mockingly, derisivelyfrom irrīdeō "laugh at"; English derision | 1 | 18 |
| is, ea, iddemonstrative pronounea, eae, eam, ejusque, eum, eārum, eāsque, eī, eīs, eō, eōrum, id, is | he, she, it; this, that; (with a relative) the one who, that which | 35 | 2 |
| iste, ista, istuddemonstrative pronounista, istud, istum, istās, istīs | that (of yours), that (near you); these things; often contemptuous | 16 | 1 |
| istīcadverbistīc | there (where you are), here; in that matter, in this case | 1 | 20 |
| istīusmodī (istīus modī)indeclinable adjective (genitive of iste modus)istīusmodī | of that kind, of such a sort, such | 1 | 8 |
| itaadverbita | so, thus, in this way; ita … ut, in such a way … that, or as | 12 | 1 |
| itaqueconjunctionitaque | and so, therefore, accordingly | 3 | 2 |
| itidemadverbitidem | in the same way, likewise | 2 | 2 |
| jūcundus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.jūcundam | pleasant, agreeable, delightfulEnglish jocund | 1 | 2 |
| jūdicium, jūdiciī n.noun, 2nd decl.jūdicia, jūdicium, jūdiciō | judgement, opinion; decision; discernment; trial, courtEnglish judicial | 5 | 3 |
| jūgiteradverbjūgiter | continually, perpetually, without ceasingfrom jūgis "perpetual"; Gataker writes j | 1 | 19 |
| Jūpiter (Juppiter), Jovis m.proper noun, 3rd decl. (irregular)jove | Jupiter, king of the gods (the Greek Zeus); urbs Jovis, the city of Jupiter, the world as the common city of gods and menEnglish jovial | 1 | 8 |
| jūs, jūris n.noun, 3rd decl.jūris, jūs | right, justice; law; a legal rightEnglish jury, justice | 4 | 18 |
| jūstitia, jūstitiae f.noun, 1st decl.jūstitia, jūstitiae, jūstitiam | justice, fairnessEnglish justice | 3 | 1 |
| jūstus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.jūstum, jūstīs | just, fair; proper, right, due (tempus jūstum, the proper time)English just | 2 | 10 |
| Lacedaemonius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.lacedaemoniī | Spartan, of Lacedaemon (Sparta); (m. pl. as noun) the Spartansfrom Lacedaemōn, the Spartans' country | 1 | 24 |
| laedō, laedere, laesī, laesumverb, 3rd conj.laedere, laederis | to strike, hurt, injure; to wrong, offendEnglish lesion | 2 | 18 |
| lamia, lamiae f.noun, 1st decl.lamiās | a lamia, a witch or monster of Greek folk-tale said to snatch and devour children; a bogeyfrom Greek lamia | 1 | 23 |
| lateō, latēre, latuīverb, 2nd conj.lateat | to lie hidden, be concealed; to escape notice, be unknown; to live in retirementEnglish latent | 1 | 15 |
| latrō, latrōnis m.noun, 3rd decl.latrō | a robber, bandit, brigand; (originally) a hired soldierEnglish larceny comes from latrōcinium "robbery" | 2 | 18 |
| lectulus, lectulī m.noun, 2nd decl.lectulō | a small couch, bed; a couch for resting, reading or diningdiminutive of lectus "bed, couch" | 1 | 18 |
| legō, legere, lēgī, lēctumverb, 3rd conj.legendō | to read; to gather, collect; to chooseEnglish legible, lecture | 1 | 29 |
| lēx, lēgis f.noun, 3rd decl.lēgis | law, statute; rule, conditionEnglish legal | 1 | 1 |
| līber, lībera, līberumadjective, 1st/2nd decl.līber | free; free from (+ abl. or a, ab)English liberal | 1 | 30 |
| līberī, līberōrum m. pl.noun, 2nd decl. (plural only)līberōs | children (properly the free-born members of a household)from līber "free"; not liber "book" | 1 | 6 |
| lībertās, lībertātis f.noun, 3rd decl.lībertāte | freedom, liberty; frankness, independenceEnglish liberty | 1 | 6 |
| libet (lubet), libēre, libuit or libitum estimpersonal verb, 2nd conj.lubet | it pleases, it is agreeable (+ dat. of the person): mihi libet, I like, I chooseGataker often writes the older spelling lubet | 1 | 1 |
| licet, licēre, licuit (licitum est)impersonal verb, 2nd conj.liceat, licet | it is allowed, it is permitted, one may; (as a conjunction, + subj.) althoughEnglish licence | 3 | 1 |
| liquidōadverbliquidō | clearly, plainly, with certaintyfrom liquidus, clear | 1 | 7 |
| locus, locī m. (pl. loca n., or locī m.)noun, 2nd decl.locum | place, spot; position, rank; passage (of a book)English location | 1 | 8 |
| loquor, loquī, locūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.loquendī | to speak, talk, sayEnglish loquacious | 1 | 30 |
| lūmen, lūminis n.noun, 3rd decl.lūmine | light, daylight; a lamp, torch; (pl.) the eyesEnglish luminous | 1 | 12 |
| lupīnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.lupīnā | of a wolf, a wolf's, wolfishfrom lupus "wolf"; English lupine | 1 | 15 |
| luxus, luxūs m.noun, 4th decl.luxūs | luxury, extravagance, excessEnglish luxury | 1 | 20 |
| magis (superl. māximē)comparative adverbmagis | more, rather; multō magis, much more | 3 | 7 |
| magistrālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.magistrālī | of a master or teacher, magisterial (a late word)from magister; English magisterial | 1 | 6 |
| magnus, -a, -um (comp. mājor, mājus; superl. māximus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl.mājōrī | great, large; important; (comp. m. pl. as noun) mājōrēs the ancestorsEnglish magnitude, major, maximum | 1 | 6 |
| male (comp. pejus, superl. pessimē)adverbmale | badly, ill, wrongly; (male facere + dat.) to do harm to; (male audīre) to be ill spoken offrom malus; English malefactor | 1 | 34 |
| malus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.malum, malī, pessimō | bad, evil, wicked; harmful; (neut. as noun) an evil, a misfortune; (masc. pl.) the wickedEnglish malice | 5 | 13 |
| māneadverbmāne | in the morning, earlycf. French demain | 1 | 27 |
| maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsumverb, 2nd conj.maneant, manent | to stay, remain; to last, continue; to awaitEnglish remain, permanent | 2 | 11 |
| mānsuētēadverbmānsuētē | gently, mildly, kindlyfrom mānsuētus "tame, gentle" | 1 | 18 |
| mānsuētūdō, mānsuētūdinis f.noun, 3rd decl.mānsuētūdine, mānsuētūdinem | tameness; gentleness, mildness, clemencyfrom mānsuētus "tamed", literally "used to the hand" | 2 | 9 |
| mānsuētus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.mānsuētum | tame; gentle, mild, kindmanus + suētus, "used to the hand" | 1 | 18 |
| masculus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.masculum | male; manly, vigorousEnglish masculine | 1 | 18 |
| massa, massae f.noun, 1st decl.massā | a lump, mass; a lump of doughEnglish mass | 1 | 20 |
| mātūrus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.mātūra | ripe, mature; timely, early; well-consideredEnglish mature | 1 | 35 |
| māximēadverbmāximē | most, especially, above allEnglish maximum | 3 | 15 |
| medius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.media, mediās | middle, in the middle; intermediate, neither good nor bad; (n. pl. as noun, Stoic) media, things indifferentEnglish medium, mediate | 2 | 6 |
| meminī, meminisseverb, perfect in form (defective)mementō, meminerīs | to remember, bear in mind (with gen. or acc.); imperative mementō, rememberEnglish memento | 2 | 2 |
| memoria, memoriae f.noun, 1st decl.memoriā | memory; remembrance; recordEnglish memory | 1 | 26 |
| mēns, mentis f.noun, 3rd decl.mente, mentem, mentibus, mentis, mēns | mind, intellect; attitude, disposition; intentionEnglish mental | 7 | 1 |
| mēnsa, mēnsae f.noun, 1st decl.mēnsam | a table; a dining table, a mealSpanish mesa | 1 | 18 |
| merus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.merā | pure, unmixed; sheer, mere, nothing butEnglish mere | 1 | 3 |
| metō, metere, messuī, messumverb, 3rd conj.metī | to reap, mow, harvest; to cut downnot metuō "fear" | 1 | 6 |
| metus, metūs m.noun, 4th decl.metū | fear, dread, apprehensioncompare metuō, fear | 1 | 9 |
| meus, -a, -um (voc. m. mī)possessive adjectivemea, meōsque, mī | my, mine | 5 | 1 |
| mīmicus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.mīmicum | of mimes, farcical; imitative, mimic; feignedGreek mīmikos; English mimic | 1 | 6 |
| mītis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.mītis | mild, gentle, kind; ripe, softEnglish mitigate | 1 | 13 |
| mittō, mittere, mīsī, missumverb, 3rd conj.missōque | to send; to let go, release; to give up, put awayEnglish mission | 1 | 18 |
| modoadverbmodo | only, merely; (+ subj.) provided that, if only; just now, lately; modo … modo, now … now; modo … mox, one moment … the nextan ablative of modus in origin; not the noun modō "in a way" (modus.n) | 2 | 1 |
| modus, modī m.noun, 2nd decl.modum, modō | measure; manner, way; limit; quō modo in the way thatEnglish mode | 11 | 1 |
| moestitia (maestitia), moestitiae f.noun, 1st decl.moestitiā | sadness, sorrow, griefGataker writes oe for ae: classical maestitia, from maestus "sad" | 1 | 18 |
| molestus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.molestī | troublesome, annoying, irksome, tiresomecompare molestia; English molest | 1 | 9 |
| mōlior, mōlīrī, mōlītus sumdeponent verb, 4th conj.mōlītur | to labour at, work hard at; to set in motion, undertake, attempt; to plan, contrivefrom mōlēs "mass, burden" | 1 | 18 |
| mōmentāneus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.mōmentāneam | momentary, lasting a momentEnglish momentary | 1 | 18 |
| moneō, monēre, monuī, monitumverb, 2nd conj.monēbat, monērentur | to remind, call to mind; to warn, advise; to teach, instructEnglish admonish, monitor | 2 | 6 |
| mōnstrō, mōnstrāre, mōnstrāvī, mōnstrātumverb, 1st conj.mōnstrāverīs | to show, point out; to make known, teachEnglish demonstrate | 1 | 18 |
| morior, morī, mortuus sum (fut. part. moritūrus)deponent verb, 3rd conj. (-ior)moritūrus | to dieEnglish mortal | 1 | 34 |
| mors, mortis f.noun, 3rd decl.mortem | deathEnglish mortal | 1 | 3 |
| mortālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.mortālī | mortal, subject to death; humanEnglish mortal | 1 | 19 |
| mōs, mōris m.noun, 3rd decl.mōre | custom, usage, way, manner; (pl.) character, conduct; ad mōrem, after the manner ofEnglish moral, mores | 1 | 3 |
| mōtus, mōtūs m.noun, 4th decl.mōtibus, mōtus | movement, motion; impulse, emotionEnglish motion | 2 | 2 |
| multus, -a, -um (comp. plūs, plūris; superl. plūrimus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl.multa, multō, plūrimōrum | much, many; (n. superl. as adverb) plūrimum, most; ut plūrimum, for the most partEnglish multitude | 6 | 18 |
| mundus, mundī m.noun, 2nd decl.mundum | the world, the universe; the heavensEnglish mundane | 1 | 1 |
| mūnus, mūneris n.noun, 3rd decl.mūnus | duty, office, task; gift, present; public showEnglish munificent | 1 | 34 |
| mūs, mūris m.noun, 3rd decl.mūrem | a mousethe same word as English mouse | 1 | 22 |
| Mūsa, Mūsae f.proper noun, 1st decl.mūsārum, mūsīs | a Muse, one of the nine goddesses of poetry, music and learning, daughters of Zeus and Memory; Apollo is their leaderEnglish music, museum | 2 | 18 |
| mūtātiō, mūtātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.mūtātiōnēs | change, alteration; exchangeEnglish mutation | 1 | 35 |
| mutilus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.mutila | maimed, mutilated; cut short, incompleteEnglish mutilate | 1 | 1 |
| mūtō, mūtāre, mūtāvī, mūtātumverb, 1st conj.mūtandō, mūtet, mūtāverit | to change, alter; to exchangeEnglish mutate | 3 | 17 |
| namconjunctionnam | for | 2 | 6 |
| nāscor, nāscī, nātus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.nāscuntur, nāta, nātī | to be born; to arise, be produced; (nātus + inf.) born to, made by nature toEnglish native, nation | 5 | 6 |
| nātūra, nātūrae f.noun, 1st decl.nātūra, nātūrae, nātūram, nātūrā | nature; the nature or character of a thing; (universal) Nature, the order of the worldEnglish nature | 16 | 5 |
| nātūrālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.nātūrāle | natural, by nature; of natureEnglish natural | 1 | 34 |
| nēconjunctionnē | (+ subj.) that not, lest, in order that not; (after verbs of fearing) that | 5 | 18 |
| nec, nequeconjunctionnec, neque | and not, nor; nec … nec, neither … nor; neque enim, for … not | 29 | 1 |
| necessārius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.necessāria | necessary, indispensable; bound by close ties; (as noun, m.) a relative, kinsman, close connectionEnglish necessary | 1 | 19 |
| necesse (indecl.)adjective, indeclinable (neuter)necesse | necessary, unavoidable; necesse est, it is necessaryEnglish necessary | 1 | 18 |
| necessitās, necessitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.necessitātēs | necessity, compulsion, inevitabilityEnglish necessity | 1 | 18 |
| necneconjunctionnecne | or not (in double questions, direct and indirect)nec + the question particle -ne | 1 | 38 |
| neglegō (negligō), neglegere, neglēxī, neglēctumverb, 3rd conj.negligunt | to neglect, disregard, overlook; not to care aboutEnglish neglect | 1 | 6 |
| nēmō, nēminis m./f.pronoun (noun of the 3rd decl.)nēmō | no one, nobody | 1 | 6 |
| nempeconjunctionnempe | certainly, to be sure, of course; namelyfrom nam + -pe | 2 | 19 |
| nequeō, nequīre, nequīvī, nequitumirregular verbnequeam, nequeunt, nequit | to be unable, cannotne + queō "be able"; conjugated like eō | 3 | 9 |
| nēquis, nēqua, nēquid (also nē quis)indefinite pronounnēquid | that no one, that nothing, lest anyone, lest anything (nē with the indefinite quis); after words of fearing, that anyone, that anythinglike sīquis, Gataker writes nē quis as one word | 1 | 13 |
| nervus, nervī m.noun, 2nd decl.nervōsque | sinew, tendon; nerve; string (of a bow or lyre)English nerve | 1 | 18 |
| nesciō, nescīre, nescīvī, nescītumverb, 4th conj.nesciat, nescientēs | not to know, be ignorant of; (+ inf.) not to know how to, be unable to | 2 | 6 |
| neutiquam (ne utiquam)adverbneutiquam | by no means, not at all, in no way | 3 | 6 |
| nihil (nīl)noun, indeclinablenihil, nīl | nothing; (as adverb) not at all, in no way; gen. nihilī (of nihilum) in valuing: nihilī pendere, to value at nothingEnglish nihilism | 11 | 1 |
| nihilōminus (nihilō minus)adverbnihilōminus | none the less, nevertheless, notwithstandingliterally "less by nothing" | 1 | 20 |
| nisiconjunctionnisi | unless, if not; except | 4 | 13 |
| noceō, nocēre, nocuī, nocitumverb, 2nd conj.nocērī | to harm, hurt, do injury to (+ dat.); (impersonal passive) nocētur, harm is doneEnglish innocent, innocuous | 1 | 18 |
| nōlō, nōlle, nōluīirregular verbnōlentēs, nōlit, nōlī | to be unwilling, not to want, refusefrom ne + volō | 3 | 15 |
| nōnadverbnōn | not | 31 | 3 |
| nōndumadverbnōndum | not yetnōn + dum | 1 | 35 |
| nōnnūllus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.nōnnūlla, nōnnūllī | some, a few; (pl. as noun) some people, some thingsnōn + nūllus, "not none" | 3 | 6 |
| nōnōadverbnōnō | ninthly, in the ninth place; for the ninth timeabl. of nōnus "ninth" | 1 | 18 |
| norma, normae f.noun, 1st decl.normam | a carpenter's square; a rule, pattern, standardEnglish norm, normal | 1 | 9 |
| nōs, nostrum or nostrī; dat. and abl. nōbīs; acc. nōspersonal pronounnōbīs, nōs | we, us; nōbīscum with us | 7 | 16 |
| nōscō, nōscere, nōvī, nōtumverb, 3rd conj.nōstī | to get to know, learn; perfect nōvī I know; perf. subj. nōverim, short nōrimEnglish notion | 1 | 18 |
| noster, nostra, nostrumadjective, 1st/2nd decl.nostrās, nostrī | our, ours | 4 | 1 |
| novemnumeral, indeclinablenovem | nineEnglish November, the ninth month of the old Roman year | 1 | 18 |
| novus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.nova, novī | new, fresh; superl. novissimus, last, finalEnglish novel | 2 | 1 |
| nūditās, nūditātis f.noun, 3rd decl.nūditātem | nakedness, barenessfrom nūdus "naked"; English nudity | 1 | 27 |
| nūllus, -a, -um (gen. nūllīus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl. (pronominal)nūlla, nūllum, nūllus, nūllā | no, not any, none; (as noun) no oneEnglish null | 5 | 7 |
| numinterrogative particlenum | (in direct questions) surely … not?, expecting the answer "no"; (in indirect questions) whether | 1 | 2 |
| numerus, numerī m.noun, 2nd decl.numerō | number; a group, rank; (pl.) all the parts that make a thing complete; rhythmEnglish number | 1 | 19 |
| nuncadverbnunc | now, at present; as it is | 1 | 13 |
| nunquid (numquid)interrogative particlenunquid | (in direct questions) surely … not?, expecting the answer "no"; (num + quid) anything?, have I … anything?; (in indirect questions) whethernum + quid | 1 | 4 |
| obeō, obīre, obiī, obitumirregular verbobeās | to go to, go round; to undertake, take on, carry out; (mortem obīre) to dieEnglish obituary | 1 | 3 |
| oblectō, oblectāre, oblectāvī, oblectātumverb, 1st conj.oblectā, oblectārentur | to delight, please, gladden; to amuse; to pass (time) pleasantly | 2 | 6 |
| oblīquus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.oblīquā | slanting, sideways; indirect, roundabout; covert, veiledEnglish oblique | 1 | 6 |
| obliterō (oblitterō), obliterāre, obliterāvī, obliterātumverb, 1st conj.obliterāre | to blot out, erase; to wipe from memory, cause to be forgottenob + littera "letter"; English obliterate | 1 | 16 |
| obsequor, obsequī, obsecūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.obsequātur | to comply with, obey, yield to (+ dat.)English obsequious | 1 | 20 |
| observō, observāre, observāvī, observātumverb, 1st conj.observēmus | to watch, observe; to heed, keep (a rule)English observe | 1 | 27 |
| obsistō, obsistere, obstitī, obstitumverb, 3rd conj.obsistunt | to stand in the way, oppose, resist (+ dat.) | 1 | 9 |
| obstinātiō, obstinātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.obstinātiōne | firmness, persistence; stubbornness, obstinacyEnglish obstinacy | 1 | 3 |
| obtemperō, obtemperāre, obtemperāvī, obtemperātumverb, 1st conj.obtemperant | to comply with, submit to, obey (+ dat.) | 1 | 20 |
| obtineō, obtinēre, obtinuī, obtentumverb, 2nd conj.obtinēre | to hold, possess, keep; to obtain, maintain; (without object) to prevail, hold sway; rationem obtinēre, to have the character of, count as; īnstar obtinēre, to have the value ofEnglish obtain | 1 | 18 |
| obtingō, obtingere, obtigīverb, 3rd conj.obtigerat | to fall to one's lot, befall, happen to (+ dat.) | 1 | 24 |
| occāsiō, occāsiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.occāsiō | opportunity, favourable moment, occasionEnglish occasion | 1 | 18 |
| occupō, occupāre, occupāvī, occupātumverb, 1st conj.occupat | to seize, take possession of; to fill, take up; (pass.) to be busy, engaged (in + abl.)English occupy | 1 | 20 |
| octāvōadverboctāvō | eighthly, in the eighth place; for the eighth timeabl. of octāvus "eighth" | 1 | 18 |
| oculus, oculī m.noun, 2nd decl.oculīs, oculō | the eyeEnglish ocular | 3 | 15 |
| ōdī, ōdisse, ōsūrusverb, perfect in form onlyōdit | to hateEnglish odious | 2 | 8 |
| offendō, offendere, offendī, offēnsumverb, 3rd conj.offenditur | to strike against; to come upon, find; to offend, displease; (passive) to be offended, take offenceEnglish offend | 1 | 18 |
| oleō, olēre, oluīverb, 2nd conj.olet | to give off a smell, smell (of + acc.); to smack ofEnglish redolent, olfactory | 1 | 15 |
| ōmen, ōminis n.noun, 3rd decl.ōminis | an omen, sign, foreboding; a word or event taken to foretell good or illEnglish omen, ominous | 1 | 34 |
| ōminor, ōminārī, ōminātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.ōmināta | to forebode, foretell, prophesy; (perf. part. in a passive sense) male ōminātus, ill-omenedfrom ōmen | 1 | 34 |
| omnīnōadverbomnīnō | altogether, entirely; in general, on the whole; (with negatives) at all | 2 | 8 |
| omnis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.omnem, omnia, omnibus, omnis, omnium, omnēs, omnēsque | all, every, the whole; (n. pl. omnia) all things, everythingEnglish omnipotent, omnibus | 15 | 1 |
| opīniō, opīniōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.opīniō, opīniōne, opīniōnēs | opinion, belief, judgement; reputationEnglish opinion | 3 | 18 |
| opīnor, opīnārī, opīnātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.opīnēmur | to think, suppose, imagine, believeEnglish opinion | 1 | 16 |
| oportet, oportēre, oportuitimpersonal verb, 2nd conj.oportet, oportuerit, oportuit | it is necessary, it is proper, one ought (+ inf., acc. and inf., or subj.) | 7 | 3 |
| ops, opis f. (pl. opēs, opum)noun, 3rd decl.ope | power, help, aid; (pl.) wealth, riches, resourcesEnglish opulent | 1 | 5 |
| opus, operis n.noun, 3rd decl.opus | work, task, deed; (opus est, opus habere) need, necessityEnglish opus, opera | 3 | 15 |
| ōrātiō, ōrātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.ōrātiōne | speech, language, way of speaking; a speech, oration; prosefrom ōrō, speak; English oration | 1 | 6 |
| ōrdō, ōrdinis m.noun, 3rd decl.ōrdinem | row, line, rank; order, arrangementEnglish order | 1 | 27 |
| orior, orīrī, ortus sumdeponent verb, 4th conj.oritur | to rise, arise; to spring from, come into being, be bornEnglish origin, orient | 1 | 10 |
| ostendō, ostendere, ostendī, ostentum (ostēnsum)verb, 3rd conj.ostendere, ostenderīs | to show, point out, display; to make known, revealEnglish ostensible | 2 | 13 |
| ostentō, ostentāre, ostentāvī, ostentātumverb, 1st conj.ostentāre | to show, display; to show off, make a display ofEnglish ostentation | 1 | 13 |
| pancratium (pancration), pancratiī n.noun, 2nd decl. (Greek)pancratium, pancratiō | the pancratium, a contest combining boxing and wrestlingGreek pankration, "all-power" | 2 | 2 |
| pandō, pandere, pandī, passum (pānsum)verb, 3rd conj.passa | to spread out, stretch out, open; (ūva passa) a grape spread out to dry, a raisinEnglish expand | 1 | 35 |
| pār, parisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)paribus, parī | equal, like; a match for; fitting, proper; pār est, it is right, it is fittingEnglish par, parity | 2 | 2 |
| parēns, parentis m. f.noun, 3rd decl.parentēs | a parent, father or mother; (pl.) parentsEnglish parent | 1 | 32 |
| pariteradverbpariter | equally, in like manner; together, at the same time | 1 | 8 |
| parō, parāre, parāvī, parātumverb, 1st conj.parāta, parātam | to prepare, make ready; to provide, procure; (+ inf.) to get ready toEnglish prepare | 2 | 3 |
| pars, partis f.noun, 3rd decl.pars, parte | part, portion, share; side; roleEnglish part | 2 | 1 |
| particula, particulae f.noun, 1st decl.particulās | a small part, particle, bitEnglish particle | 1 | 2 |
| parum (comp. minus, superl. minimē)adverbminus | too little, not enough; comp. minus less; quō minus so that … notEnglish minus | 3 | 16 |
| patientia, patientiae f.noun, 1st decl.patientiam | patience, endurance, forbearancefrom patior "suffer"; English patience | 1 | 13 |
| patior, patī, passus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj. (-iō)patitur, patiāmur | to suffer, endure; to allow, permit (+ acc. and inf.)English patient, passion | 2 | 17 |
| paulātimadverbpaulātim | little by little, gradually, by degreesfrom paulum, a little | 1 | 6 |
| pavor, pavōris m.noun, 3rd decl.pavōrem | trembling, fear, panic, dreadfrom paveō "be afraid" | 1 | 22 |
| peccātum, peccātī n.noun, 2nd decl.peccātīs | a fault, error, wrongdoing, sinEnglish impeccable, peccadillo | 2 | 18 |
| peccō, peccāre, peccāvī, peccātumverb, 1st conj.peccent, peccās, peccāverit, peccēs | to do wrong, err, sin; to make a mistakeEnglish impeccable, peccadillo | 5 | 18 |
| pecūliāris, -eadjective, 3rd decl.pecūliārī | one's own, private; special, peculiar (+ gen. or dat., to)English peculiar | 1 | 3 |
| pellis, pellis f.noun, 3rd decl.pelle | skin, hide, pelt | 1 | 28 |
| penes (+ acc.)preposition + acc.penes | in the possession of, in the power of, with; penes tē, in your keeping | 1 | 18 |
| perpreposition + acc.per | through, throughout; by means of; (per se) in itself, by itself | 5 | 1 |
| peragō, peragere, perēgī, perāctumverb, 3rd conj.peragunt | to carry through, accomplish, complete; to pass (life) | 1 | 27 |
| percellō, percellere, perculī, perculsumverb, 3rd conj.perculsus | to strike down, overthrow; to shake, dismay, unnerve | 1 | 9 |
| percontor, percontārī, percontātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.percontātus | to question, inquire, ask closely (someone about something) | 1 | 2 |
| Perdiccās, Perdiccae m.proper noun, 1st decl. (Greek)perdiccae | Perdiccas II, king of Macedon (c. 450–413 BC) in Socrates' lifetime; other writers tell the story of 11.25 of his son Archelaus | 1 | 25 |
| peregrīnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.peregrīnīs | foreign, from abroad; (as noun) a foreigner; (in peregrino) in a foreign landEnglish peregrine, pilgrim | 1 | 24 |
| pereō, perīre, periī, peritumirregular verbpeream | to pass away, vanish; to perish, die; to be lost, be ruinedper + eō "go"; conjugated like eō | 1 | 25 |
| perferō, perferre, pertulī, perlātumirregular verbperferant | to carry through, convey; to bear to the end, endure, put up withper, through + ferō, bear | 1 | 6 |
| perficiō, perficere, perfēcī, perfectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)perfectum | to finish, complete, accomplish; to bring about; to bring to perfectionper "through" + faciō "do"; English perfect | 1 | 1 |
| pergō, pergere, perrēxī, perrēctumverb, 3rd conj.pergam, perrēxeris | to go on, proceed, continue (+ inf.); to press on | 2 | 13 |
| perītia, perītiae f.noun, 1st decl.perītiā | experience, practical knowledge, skillfrom perītus 'experienced' | 1 | 18 |
| permaneō, permanēre, permānsī, permānsumverb, 2nd conj.permanēre | to remain, stay to the end; to last, endure, persistEnglish permanent | 1 | 3 |
| perpetior, perpetī, perpessus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj. (-iō)perpetiantur | to bear to the end, endure, suffer patientlyper "through" + patior "suffer" | 1 | 18 |
| perpetrō, perpetrāre, perpetrāvī, perpetrātumverb, 1st conj.perpetrāre | to carry out, accomplish, perform; to commit (a crime)English perpetrate | 1 | 18 |
| perpetuōadverbperpetuō | constantly, continually, always; for everEnglish perpetual | 1 | 27 |
| persecūtiō, persecūtiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.persecūtiō | a following up, pursuit; (law) a prosecutionfrom persequor "pursue"; English persecution | 1 | 11 |
| persentīscō, persentīscereverb, 3rd conj.persentīscat | to perceive clearly, become fully aware of; to feel deeplyper- "thoroughly" + sentīscō, from sentiō "feel" | 1 | 15 |
| persistō, persistere, perstitīverb, 3rd conj.persistās | to continue steadily, persist, persevereEnglish persist | 1 | 9 |
| persōnātus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.persōnāta | masked, wearing a mask; feigned, put onfrom persōna 'an actor's mask' | 1 | 18 |
| perturbō, perturbāre, perturbāvī, perturbātumverb, 1st conj.perturbat | to throw into confusion, disturb, upsetEnglish perturb | 1 | 11 |
| pervagor, pervagārī, pervagātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.pervagātur | to wander through, roam over; to spread through | 1 | 1 |
| pēs, pedis m.noun, 3rd decl.pedemque | footEnglish pedal | 1 | 28 |
| philosophor, philosophārī, philosophātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.philosophandum | to philosophize, study or practise philosophyEnglish philosopher | 1 | 7 |
| Phōciōn, Phōciōnis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.phōciōn | Phocion (c. 402–318 BC), Athenian general and statesman, famous for his honesty and plain living; condemned to death by the Athenians, he told his son to bear them no grudge | 1 | 13 |
| pietās, pietātis f.noun, 3rd decl.pietātem | dutiful respect towards the gods, parents or country; piety, devotionEnglish piety | 1 | 20 |
| placidēadverbplacidē | calmly, gently, quietlyEnglish placid | 1 | 18 |
| placidus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.placidumque | calm, gentle, peaceful, quietEnglish placid | 1 | 18 |
| plānēadverbplānē | plainly, clearly; wholly, quite, entirelyfrom plānus "flat, plain" | 2 | 15 |
| planta, plantae f.noun, 1st decl.plantārum | a shoot, cutting; a plant; the sole of the footEnglish plant | 1 | 8 |
| plēnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.plēnum | full, full of (+ gen. or abl.)English plenty | 1 | 1 |
| poēsis, poēsis f.noun, 3rd decl. (Greek)poēsios | poetry, a poem; the art of poetryGreek poiēsis, making; Gataker writes the Greek-style genitive poēsios | 1 | 6 |
| poēta, poētae m.noun, 1st decl.poētīs | a poet; a maker, author (of plays or verse)Greek poiētēs, maker; English poet | 1 | 6 |
| pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positumverb, 3rd conj.positusque | to put, place, set; to lay down; to put (something) in someone's powerEnglish position, deposit | 1 | 13 |
| porrigō, porrigere, porrēxī, porrēctumverb, 3rd conj.porrigit | to stretch out, extend; to hold out, offer, givepor- "forth" + regō "direct" | 1 | 1 |
| porrōadverbporrō | further, furthermore; forward, onward; in turn | 1 | 8 |
| possum, posse, potuīirregular verbposse, possīs, potest | to be able, can; to have powerEnglish possible | 7 | 3 |
| post (+ acc.)preposition + acc.post | behind; afterEnglish postpone | 1 | 8 |
| posterus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.posterī | coming after, following, next; (m. pl. as noun) posterī, descendants, posterityEnglish posterity | 1 | 1 |
| postulō, postulāre, postulāvī, postulātumverb, 1st conj.postulāre | to ask for, demand, require, call for (often + ut)English postulate | 1 | 18 |
| potentia, potentiae f.noun, 1st decl.potentiam | power, might, force; ability; influenceEnglish potency, potential | 1 | 18 |
| potius (comp.; superl. potissimum)adverbpotissimum | rather, more; potius quam, rather than | 1 | 19 |
| praebeō, praebēre, praebuī, praebitumverb, 2nd conj.praebendī | to hold out, offer; to provide, give; (sē praebēre + predicate) to show oneself, prove oneself | 1 | 37 |
| praecēdō, praecēdere, praecessī, praecessumverb, 3rd conj.praecessit | to go before, go ahead; to come before, precede (in time); to surpassEnglish precede | 1 | 1 |
| praecipiō, praecipere, praecēpī, praeceptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)praeceptum, praecipitur, praecipiās, praecipiēbant, praecipiēbat | to take beforehand; to instruct, teach; to order, direct; (of a doctor) to prescribeEnglish precept | 5 | 26 |
| praedīcō, praedīcere, praedīxī, praedictumverb, 3rd conj.praedīcere | to say beforehand, foretell; to warnEnglish predict | 1 | 15 |
| praeditus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.praeditae | endowed, provided, furnished (with + abl.) | 1 | 1 |
| praeferō, praeferre, praetulī, praelātumirregular verbpraeferre | to carry in front; to prefer (something, acc., to something, dat.); to displayEnglish prefer | 1 | 1 |
| praeficiō, praeficere, praefēcī, praefectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)praefectus | to put in charge, set over (a person, acc., over something, dat.)prae "in front" + faciō; English prefect | 1 | 18 |
| praesertimadverbpraesertim | especially, above all; (with sī or cum) particularly if, particularly since | 1 | 18 |
| praeses, praesidis m. and f.noun, 3rd decl.praeside | guardian, protector; president, governor, rulerfrom praesideō "sit in front, guard"; English preside | 1 | 18 |
| praestāns, gen. praestantisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)praestantiōra, praestantiōrum | outstanding, excellent; (comp.) superior, betterpresent participle of praestō, "stand out" | 3 | 10 |
| praestōadverbpraestō | at hand, ready, present; (praestō esse) to be at hand, be ready (+ dat.)not the verb praestō, praestāre | 1 | 18 |
| praestō, praestāre, praestitī, praestitumverb, 1st conj.praestābit | to provide, give, show; (+ object and predicate) to render, keep (someone) so; to excel, be better | 1 | 21 |
| praeterpreposition + acc.praeter | past, beyond; except; contrary toEnglish preternatural | 1 | 16 |
| praetereō, praeterīre, praeteriī, praeteritumirregular verbpraeterita | to go past, pass by; to pass over; (praeteritum, n. of the perf. part.) the pastEnglish preterite | 1 | 1 |
| prāvus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.prāvōrum | crooked, misshapen; perverse, wrong, bad, depravedEnglish depraved | 1 | 39 |
| prīmōadverbprīmō | at first, in the beginning; firstablative of prīmus; compare prīmum | 2 | 6 |
| prīmus, -a, -umordinal numeral, 1st/2nd decl.prīmā | first; foremost, chief; (n. as noun) the first thingEnglish primary, prime | 1 | 8 |
| prīvō, prīvāre, prīvāvī, prīvātumverb, 1st conj.prīvātur | to deprive, rob (someone, acc., of something, abl.); to free fromEnglish deprive, private | 1 | 18 |
| priusadverb (comparative)prius | before, earlier, sooner; first, beforehandneuter of prior "former"; compare priusquam | 3 | 8 |
| prō (+ abl.)preposition + abl.prō | in front of; for, on behalf of; instead of; in return for; according to, in proportion to | 3 | 3 |
| prōcēdō, prōcēdere, prōcessī, prōcessumverb, 3rd conj.prōcēdere | to go forward, advance; to go on, turn out, get on, succeedEnglish proceed | 1 | 8 |
| prōclīvis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.prōclīvem | sloping down; inclined, prone, ready (to do); easyEnglish proclivity | 1 | 18 |
| prōdeō, prōdīre, prōdiī, prōditumirregular verbprōdierit | to go forth, come forth; to appear; to spring up, grow | 1 | 17 |
| prōferō, prōferre, prōtulī, prōlātumirregular verbprōferimus, prōfert | to bring forward, bring out; to produce; to utter, sayEnglish proffer | 2 | 1 |
| profiteor, profitērī, professus sumdeponent verb, 2nd conj.profitēris | to declare openly, avow; to profess (an art or calling), claim as one's own; to offer, promiseEnglish profess, professor | 1 | 5 |
| prōfluō, prōfluere, prōflūxī, prōflūxumverb, 3rd conj.prōfluat | to flow forth, flow out; to proceed, springEnglish profluent | 1 | 3 |
| prōgredior, prōgredī, prōgressus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj. (-ior)prōgredientī | to go forward, advance, proceedEnglish progress | 1 | 9 |
| proindeadverbproinde | therefore, accordingly; just as | 1 | 11 |
| promptitūdō, promptitūdinis f.noun, 3rd decl.promptitūdō | readiness, promptness (a late word)English promptitude | 1 | 3 |
| prōmptus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.prōmptus | visible, evident; ready, willing, quick (ad + acc., for)English prompt | 1 | 13 |
| propeadverbpropius, proximē | near; nearly, almost | 3 | 8 |
| prōpōnō, prōpōnere, prōposuī, prōpositumverb, 3rd conj.prōpōnī | to put forward, set before; to propose, intendEnglish propose | 1 | 21 |
| proprietās, proprietātis f.noun, 3rd decl.proprietātēs | a property, peculiar quality, characteristic; ownershipfrom proprius, one's own; English property, propriety | 1 | 1 |
| proprius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.propria, proprium, propriā | one's own, personal, private; peculiar, characteristicEnglish proper, property | 3 | 1 |
| prōripiō, prōripere, prōripuī, prōreptumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)prōripuerat | to drag forth, snatch away; (sē prōripere) to rush out, dash offprō + rapiō "snatch" | 1 | 28 |
| prōrsusadverbprōrsus | forwards; utterly, entirely, absolutely; in short | 4 | 1 |
| prōsequor, prōsequī, prōsecūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.prōsequēris | to follow, escort; to pursue; (aliquem amōre, affectū prōsequī) to treat someone with love, show affection toEnglish prosecute | 1 | 11 |
| prōtinusadverbprōtinus | forward, onward; continuously; at once, immediately; by that very factprō + tenus "as far as" | 2 | 15 |
| prōutconjunctionprōut | just as, according as, in proportion as | 1 | 18 |
| proximus, -a, -um (superl.; comp. propior)adjective, 1st/2nd decl. (superlative)proximō, proximōs | nearest, next; (as a noun) one's neighbour, the one next to oneEnglish proximity | 2 | 1 |
| prūdentia, prūdentiae f.noun, 1st decl.prūdentiae | foresight; good sense, practical wisdom, prudenceEnglish prudence | 1 | 18 |
| pudor, pudōris m.noun, 3rd decl.pudōre | shame, a sense of shame, modesty; disgraceEnglish impudent | 1 | 28 |
| puerulus, puerulī m.noun, 2nd decl.puerulum, puerulōrum | a little boy, small child; a young slavediminutive of puer | 2 | 23 |
| pugnō, pugnāre, pugnāvī, pugnātumverb, 1st conj.pugnātis | to fight; to dispute, contend; to strugglefrom pugna "battle"; English pugnacious | 1 | 39 |
| pūritās, pūritātis f.noun, 3rd decl.pūritātem | cleanness, purityfrom pūrus; English purity | 1 | 27 |
| pūtidus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.pūtidus | rotten, stinking; offensive, disgusting; affected, tiresomecompare putris, rotten; English putrid | 1 | 15 |
| Pȳthagorēus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.pȳthagorēī | of Pythagoras, Pythagorean; (m. pl. as noun) the Pythagoreans, his followers, who lived by a strict common ruleEnglish Pythagorean | 1 | 27 |
| quadrāgintānumeral, indeclinablequadrāgintā | fortyEnglish quadragesimal, Quadragesima (Lent) | 1 | 1 |
| quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītumverb, 3rd conj.quaerere, quaeritis | to look for, seek; to ask, inquire; to get, acquireEnglish query, inquire, question | 2 | 33 |
| quālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.quāle, quālemque, quālis, quālēs | of what kind?, what sort of?; (relative) such asEnglish quality | 8 | 1 |
| quamadverbquam | how (much); than; (with a superlative) as … as possible | 10 | 5 |
| quamquam (quanquam)conjunctionquanquam | although, though; (with an adjective or participle) though; (opening a sentence) and yet | 1 | 8 |
| quandōconjunctionquandō | when; since; (in questions) when? | 2 | 18 |
| quantus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.quantāque, quantō | how great?, how much?; (relative) as great as, as much as; (n. as noun, + gen.) how much; in quantum, to the extent that, in so far as | 2 | 18 |
| quārē (quā rē)adverbquārē | (interrogative) why?, for what reason?; (relative) wherefore, therefore | 1 | 39 |
| quārtōadverbquārtō | fourthly, in the fourth place; for the fourth timeabl. of quārtus "fourth" | 1 | 18 |
| quārtus, -a, -umordinal numeral, 1st/2nd decl.quārtum | fourthEnglish quart, quarter | 1 | 19 |
| quasiadverbquasi | as if, as though; as it were, so to speak; almost | 2 | 8 |
| quatuor (quattuor)numeral, indeclinablequatuor | fourGataker's spelling of quattuor; English quatrain | 1 | 19 |
| quemadmodum (quem ad modum)adverbquemadmodum | in what way, how; (relative) as, just as; quemadmodum … ita, just as … soliterally "to which manner" | 2 | 18 |
| quī, quae, quodrelative pronouncui, quae, quam, quem, quibus, quod, quodque, quārum, quī, quīque, quō, quōrum | who, which, that; quō modo in the way that; quō minus so that … not, from (after verbs of hindering) | 72 | 1 |
| quiaconjunctionquia | because | 1 | 39 |
| quīcunque, quaecunque, quodcunquerelative and indefinite pronounquācunque, quōcunque | whoever, whatever; any … whatever, everyGataker's spelling of quīcumque | 2 | 1 |
| quīdam, quaedam, quiddam (adj. quoddam)indefinite pronoun and adjectivequaedam, quibusdam, quiddam, quādam | a certain, a certain one; a kind of, so to speak | 7 | 6 |
| quidemadverbquidem | indeed, certainly; at least; (quidem … vero, autem) on the one hand … on the other | 3 | 8 |
| quiēscō, quiēscere, quiēvī, quiētumverb, 3rd conj.quiēscat, quiēscit | to rest, be at rest; to keep quiet; to sleepEnglish quiescent, quiet | 2 | 11 |
| quiētus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.quiētus | at rest, quiet, calm, peaceful; undisturbedEnglish quiet | 1 | 18 |
| quīlibet, quaelibet, quidlibet (adj. quodlibet)indefinite pronounquidlibet | anyone you please, anything at all, whateverfrom quī + libet "it pleases" | 1 | 18 |
| quīnconjunctionquīn | that not, but that; at the start of a sentence, indeed, moreover; quīn et and what is more; (in a question, with the indicative) why not?; (with the subjunctive) an urging, come, … | 3 | 18 |
| quīntōadverbquīntō | fifthly, in the fifth place; for the fifth timeabl. of quīntus "fifth" | 1 | 18 |
| quis, quidinterrogative and indefinite pronounquae, quaeque, quam, quibus, quid, quās, quī, quō | (interrogative) who? what?; (as adjective, qui, quae, quod) which? what?; (indefinite, after si, ne, nec, num) anyone, anything | 15 | 5 |
| quisnam, quaenam, quidnam (adj. quīnam, quaenam, quodnam)interrogative pronounquōrumnam | who then?, what, pray?, which ever? | 1 | 39 |
| quispiam, quaepiam, quidpiam or quippiam (adj. quodpiam)indefinite pronounquōpiam | someone, something; anyone, anything; (as adjective) some, any | 1 | 9 |
| quisquam, quidquam (quicquam)indefinite pronounquicquam, quisquam | anyone, anything (mostly in negative, conditional or comparative sentences) | 6 | 1 |
| quisque, quaeque, quidque (adj. quodque)indefinite pronouncuique, cujusque, quaeque, quemque | each, every, each one; (with a superlative) every … -est one | 6 | 10 |
| quisquis, quidquid (quicquid)indefinite relative pronounquicquid, quōquō | whoever, whatever; everyone who | 4 | 19 |
| quīvīs, quaevīs, quidvīs (adj. quodvīs)indefinite pronounquōvīs | anyone you please, anything at all; (as adjective) any … whatever | 1 | 8 |
| quōadverb (interrogative and relative)quō | where to?, whither?; (relative) to which place, wherenot quō "so that" (quo.conj) | 1 | 6 |
| quōconjunctionquō | so that, in order that (mostly with a comparative); quō minus (quōminus), so that not, from (after verbs of hindering) | 3 | 3 |
| quodconjunctionquod, quodque | because; that, the fact that; in that | 12 | 1 |
| quōdammodo (quōdam modō)adverbquōdammodo | in a certain way, in a manner, in some measure | 2 | 1 |
| quōmodoadverbquōmodo | how?, in what way?; as | 2 | 15 |
| quōrsum (quōrsus)adverbquōrsum | to what place?, whither?; to what end?, what for?from quō vorsum "turned where?" | 1 | 6 |
| quotiēs (quotiēns)conjunction (relative adverb)quotiēs | as often as, whenever; (in questions) how often? | 1 | 20 |
| rāmus, rāmī m.noun, 2nd decl.rāmum, rāmus, rāmō | a branch, boughEnglish ramify | 3 | 8 |
| ratiō, ratiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.ratiō, ratiōne, ratiōnem, ratiōnis | reason; reckoning, account; method, way; rule, principle; character, status (rationem obtinēre, to count as); ratiōne + gen., by reason of, because ofEnglish ratio, rational | 8 | 1 |
| ratiōnālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.ratiōnālis, ratiōnālium | of reason, rational, reasoningEnglish rational | 4 | 1 |
| recordor, recordārī, recordātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.recordātus | to call to mind, remember, recollect; to think overre- "back" + cor "heart" | 1 | 16 |
| rēctēadverbrēctē | rightly, correctly; properly, well | 2 | 9 |
| rēctus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.rēctae, rēctam | straight, upright; right, correct, properperfect participle of regō in origin; English rectitude, erect | 2 | 1 |
| recuperō, recuperāre, recuperāvī, recuperātumverb, 1st conj.recuperāre | to get back, regain, recoverEnglish recuperate, recover | 1 | 8 |
| recurrō, recurrere, recurrī, recursumverb, 3rd conj.recurrere | to run back, hasten back, return; to have recourse (to)English recur | 1 | 2 |
| referō, referre, rettulī, relātumirregular verbreferre | to bring back, carry back; to report; (ad + acc.) to refer, relate, direct toEnglish refer, relate | 1 | 25 |
| relātiō, relātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.relātiōnem | a bringing back; a report, account; (in philosophy) relation, the way one thing stands to anotherfrom referō, relātum; English relation | 1 | 18 |
| reliquus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.reliquae, reliquā, reliquīs | remaining, left over, the rest of; (neut. pl. as noun) the restEnglish relic | 3 | 2 |
| relūceō, relūcēre, relūxīverb, 2nd conj.relūcēre | to shine back, shine out, gleamre- "back" + lūceō "shine" | 1 | 15 |
| renovātiō, renovātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.renovātiōnem | a renewing, renewal; (Stoic) the periodic rebirth of the worldfrom renovō; English renovation | 1 | 1 |
| repetō, repetere, repetīvī, repetītumverb, 3rd conj.repete | to go back to, return to; to seek again; to demand back; to repeat; to recallEnglish repeat | 1 | 18 |
| repōnō, repōnere, reposuī, repositumverb, 3rd conj.reposita | to put back, replace; to store up, lay by; to place (hope etc.) inEnglish repository | 1 | 18 |
| reputō, reputāre, reputāvī, reputātumverb, 1st conj.reputandō | to count over, reckon; to think over, reflect on, considerEnglish repute | 1 | 18 |
| requīrō, requīrere, requīsīvī, requīsītumverb, 3rd conj.requīrit | to look for, seek again; to ask, inquire; to need, requireEnglish require, request | 1 | 33 |
| rēs, reī f.noun, 5th decl.rem, reī, rē, rēbus, rērum, rēs | thing, matter, affair; business; rem habēre cum to deal withEnglish real | 14 | 1 |
| resarciō, resarcīre, resarsī, resartumverb, 4th conj.resarcītur | to patch up, mend, repair; to make goodre- + sarciō "patch" | 1 | 8 |
| rescindō, rescindere, rescidī, rescissumverb, 3rd conj.rescissus | to cut off, cut away; to tear open; to annul, repealEnglish rescind | 1 | 8 |
| respondeō, respondēre, respondī, respōnsumverb, 2nd conj.respondet | to answer, reply; to correspond to; (impers. pass. respōnsum est) the answer was givenEnglish respond | 1 | 1 |
| restitūtiō, restitūtiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.restitūtiō | a restoring, restoration, reinstatementfrom restituō; English restitution | 1 | 8 |
| retrahō, retrahere, retrāxī, retractumverb, 3rd conj.retrahentibus | to draw back, pull back; to hold back, restrainEnglish retract | 1 | 28 |
| rēvērā (rē vērā)adverbrēvērā | in fact, in reality, trulyablative of rēs vēra, "in true fact" | 1 | 6 |
| reus, reī m.noun, 2nd decl.reus | a defendant, the accused; (+ gen. of the charge) charged with, guilty of; one answerable forfrom rēs "a case at law" | 1 | 9 |
| rīdeō, rīdēre, rīsī, rīsumverb, 2nd conj.rīsit | to laugh; to laugh at, mockEnglish ridicule, risible | 1 | 31 |
| rōbur, rōboris n.noun, 3rd decl.rōbur | oak, hard wood; hardness, strength, vigourEnglish robust | 1 | 18 |
| rūrsus (rūrsum)adverbrūrsus | back, backwards; again; on the other hand, in turn | 1 | 6 |
| saltātiō, saltātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.saltātiōnem, saltātiōnis | dancing, a dancefrom saltō, dance | 2 | 2 |
| saltō, saltāre, saltāvī, saltātumverb, 1st conj.saltandō | to dance; to act out in dancefrom saliō, leap | 1 | 1 |
| sānēadverbsānē | certainly, truly, surely; indeed | 1 | 10 |
| sānus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.sānōrum | healthy, sound; sane, sensible; (of speech) sound, unaffectedEnglish sane, sanity | 2 | 39 |
| satagō, satagere (also sat agō)verb, 3rd conj.satagēbat | to have one's hands full, be busy, bustle; to busy oneself (+ inf.)sat "enough" + agō | 1 | 6 |
| satis (sat)adverb (also indeclinable noun)satis | enough, sufficiently; fairly, quite; (comp. satius) better, preferable: satius est, it is betterEnglish satisfy | 2 | 18 |
| scēna (scaena), scēnae f.noun, 1st decl.scēnā | the stage; a scene; a public showEnglish scene | 2 | 6 |
| schola, scholae f.noun, 1st decl.scholā | a lecture, learned debate; a school, a philosopher's schoolGreek scholē "leisure"; English school | 1 | 18 |
| scītēadverbscītē | cleverly, skilfully; neatly, wittilyfrom scītus "knowing, clever" | 1 | 18 |
| scopus, scopī m.noun, 2nd decl.scopum, scopus | a mark, target; aim, goal (Greek skopos)English scope | 3 | 21 |
| scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptumverb, 3rd conj.scrībendō, scrīptīs | to write; to draw; (perf. part. n. as noun, scrīptum) a writingEnglish scribe, script | 2 | 26 |
| sector, sectārī, sectātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.sectātur | to follow eagerly, attend; to pursue, strive aftermade from sequor; not the noun sector | 1 | 16 |
| secundōadverbsecundō | secondly, in the second placeabl. of secundus "second" | 1 | 18 |
| secundumpreposition + acc.secundum | according to, in accordance with; along; after, next to | 1 | 20 |
| sedconjunctionsed | but; sed nec but … not either, nor yet | 22 | 1 |
| sedīle, sedīlis n.noun, 3rd decl.sedīlia | a seat, bench, chairfrom sedeō "sit" | 1 | 24 |
| semperadverbsemper | always, everEnglish sempiternal | 6 | 1 |
| sēorsim (= sēorsum)adverbsēorsim | apart, separately, by itself | 1 | 2 |
| sēparō, sēparāre, sēparāvī, sēparātumverb, 1st conj.sēparat | to separate, part, divideEnglish separate | 1 | 8 |
| septimōadverbseptimō | seventhly, in the seventh place; for the seventh timeabl. of septimus "seventh" | 1 | 18 |
| sequor, sequī, secūtus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.sequētur | to follow, go after; to pursue; to obey, comply withEnglish sequence | 1 | 10 |
| servō, servāre, servāvī, servātumverb, 1st conj.servant, servābitur | to save, keep, preserve; to watch over; to keep (a rule)English preserve, conserve | 2 | 10 |
| sextōadverbsextō | sixthly, in the sixth place; for the sixth timeabl. of sextus "sixth" | 1 | 18 |
| sīconjunctionsī | if; whether | 18 | 2 |
| sīcadverbsīc | so, thus, in this way | 9 | 1 |
| sīcut (sīcutī)adverbsīcut | just as, as; sīcut … ita as … so | 4 | 1 |
| sigillātim (= singillātim)adverbsigillātim | one by one, singly, individuallyfrom singulī "one each" | 1 | 2 |
| signum, signī n.noun, 2nd decl.signum | a mark, sign, token; a signal (for battle, for breaking camp); a military standard; a seal; a statueEnglish sign, signal | 1 | 20 |
| similis, simileadjective, 3rd decl.similēs | like, similar (to + dat. or gen.)English similar | 1 | 21 |
| simplex, simplicisadjective, 3rd decl.simplex, simplicem | simple, single; plain, natural; frank, guileless, unaffectedEnglish simple | 2 | 15 |
| simplicitās, simplicitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.simplicitātis | simplicity; frankness, sincerity, opennessEnglish simplicity | 1 | 15 |
| simpliciteradverbsimpliciter | simply, plainly; frankly, without fussfrom simplex "simple" | 1 | 15 |
| simuladverbsimul, simulque | at the same time, together; simul ac, as soon asEnglish simultaneous | 2 | 1 |
| simulātēadverbsimulātē | with pretence, feignedly, insincerely | 1 | 13 |
| simulatque (simul atque, simulac)conjunctionsimulac | as soon as | 1 | 15 |
| sīnconjunctionsīn | but if, if on the other hand (after a clause with sī) | 2 | 16 |
| singulī, -ae, -aadjective, 1st/2nd decl. (plural)singulīs, singulōs | one each, one at a time; individual, eachEnglish single | 3 | 2 |
| sinō, sinere, sīvī, situmverb, 3rd conj.sita, sitae, sitam, situm, sitīs | to let, allow, permit; (perf. part. situs) placed, situated; in aliquō situm esse, to lie in someone's powerEnglish site, situation | 5 | 12 |
| sīquidemconjunctionsīquidem | if indeed, if only; since, inasmuch as | 3 | 16 |
| sīquis, sīqua, sīquid (also sī quis)indefinite pronounsīquid | if anyone, if anything | 1 | 1 |
| societās, societātis f.noun, 3rd decl.societāte, societātis | fellowship, partnership, association; societyEnglish society | 5 | 8 |
| Sōcratēs, Sōcratis m.proper noun, 3rd decl.sōcratis, sōcratēs | Socrates (469–399 BC), the Athenian philosopher, the Stoics' model of the wise man | 4 | 23 |
| soleō, solēre, solitus sumsemi-deponent verb, 2nd conj.solent | to be accustomed, be used to, usually (do) | 1 | 8 |
| sōlertia (sollertia), sōlertiae f.noun, 1st decl.sōlertiae | skill, cleverness, ingenuity, expertness | 1 | 10 |
| sōlus, -a, -um (gen. sōlīus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl.sōla, sōlā, sōlō | alone, only, sole; lonelyEnglish sole, solitary | 3 | 2 |
| sonus, sonī m.noun, 2nd decl.sonōs | a sound, noise; a toneEnglish sound, sonic | 1 | 2 |
| speciālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.speciālī | particular, special, individualfrom speciēs; English special | 1 | 18 |
| spectāculum, spectāculī n.noun, 2nd decl.spectāculīs | a sight, spectacle; a public show, gamesEnglish spectacle | 1 | 24 |
| spectō, spectāre, spectāvī, spectātumverb, 1st conj.spectent, spectet | to look at, watch; to look towards, have in view; (ad + acc.) to bear on, concernEnglish spectator | 2 | 6 |
| sphaera, sphaerae f.noun, 1st decl.sphaera | a ball, globe, spherefrom Greek sphaira; English sphere | 1 | 12 |
| spīca, spīcae f.noun, 1st decl.spīcās | an ear of grain; a spike, pointEnglish spike | 2 | 6 |
| statimadverbstatim | at once, immediatelyEnglish stat (in medicine) | 5 | 3 |
| statiō, statiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.statiōne, statiōnem, statiōnis | a standing still; a post, station (of a sentry); a place, positionEnglish station | 4 | 9 |
| statuō, statuere, statuī, statūtumverb, 3rd conj.statuere, statuī | to set up, place; to decide, determine; to judge, form a viewEnglish statute | 2 | 15 |
| stirps, stirpis f. (m.)noun, 3rd decl.stirpe | the stock or trunk of a tree; a plant, shrub; root; stock, lineageEnglish extirpate | 2 | 8 |
| stolidus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.stolidum | dull, stupid, slow-witted; senselessEnglish stolid | 1 | 18 |
| suādeō, suādēre, suāsī, suāsumverb, 2nd conj.suādēre | to advise, urge, recommend (+ dat. of the person; ut + subj. or inf.); to persuadeEnglish persuade, dissuade | 1 | 3 |
| submittō, submittere, submīsī, submissumverb, 3rd conj.submittunt | to let down, lower; to put under; (sē submittere) to lower oneself, give way, submitEnglish submit | 1 | 14 |
| succēdō, succēdere, successī, successumverb, 3rd conj.successit | to go under, come up to; to follow after, succeed (+ dat.); to turn out wellEnglish succeed | 1 | 6 |
| succēnseō, succēnsēre, succēnsuī, succēnsumverb, 2nd conj.succēnsēmus, succēnsēre | to be angry with, resent (+ dat.) | 2 | 9 |
| succingō, succingere, succīnxī, succīnctumverb, 3rd conj.succīnctus | to gird from below, tuck up; to wrap round; to equip, armsub + cingō "gird" | 1 | 28 |
| succumbō, succumbere, succubuī, succubitumverb, 3rd conj.succubuit, succumbat, succumbere | to sink down under; to give way, yield, succumb (+ dat.)English succumb | 3 | 9 |
| succurrō, succurrere, succurrī, succursumverb, 3rd conj.succurrat | to run to help, aid (+ dat.); to occur to, come into one's mindEnglish succour | 1 | 4 |
| suffundō, suffundere, suffūdī, suffūsumverb, 3rd conj.suffūsīs | to pour under or into; to spread over; (pass., of the face) to be suffused, to blushEnglish suffuse | 1 | 28 |
| suī; dat. sibi; acc. and abl. sē (sēsē)reflexive pronounsibi, suī, sē, sēmet | himself, herself, itself, themselves; with invicem, one another | 30 | 1 |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrusirregular verbes, esse, est, estō, fore, fuerint, fueris, fuerit, fuerīmus, futūra, futūrum, futūrus, sint, sit, sumus, sunt, sīs | to be, exist; fut. part. futūrus about to be, future; futūrum est ut it will happen that | 123 | 1 |
| sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptumverb, 3rd conj.sūmptā | to take, take up; to assume; to borrow (ab aliquō)English assume, consume | 1 | 28 |
| surculus, surculī m.noun, 2nd decl.surculī | a young shoot, sprout, twig; a cutting, graft | 1 | 8 |
| sursumadverbsursum | upwards, up, on high; sursum deorsum, up and downfrom sub + vorsum "turned" | 1 | 20 |
| suspiciō, suspicere, suspexī, suspectumverb, 3rd conj. (-iō)suspicere | to look up at; to look up to, admire, esteem; to suspectnot suspīciō, suspīciōnis f. "suspicion" | 1 | 27 |
| sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentumverb, 2nd conj.sustinent, sustinet, sustinērent | to hold up, support; to bear, endure; to hold backEnglish sustain | 3 | 6 |
| suus, -a, -umpossessive adjective (reflexive)suam, suum, suā, suās, suīs, suō, suōs | his own, her own, its own, their own | 13 | 1 |
| tālis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.tālem, tālia, tālēs | such, of such a kind; tālis … ut, such … that | 3 | 15 |
| tamadverbtam | so, so much, to such a degree; tam … ut, so … that; tam … quam, as … as | 1 | 9 |
| tamenadverbtamen | nevertheless, yet, still | 4 | 18 |
| tandemadverbtandem | at last, finally; (in questions) then, pray, after all | 3 | 6 |
| tanquam (tamquam)conjunctiontanquam | as, just as; as if, as thoughGataker's spelling of tamquam | 3 | 18 |
| tantumadverbtantum | only, merely; so much; (non tantum … sed) not only … but | 2 | 18 |
| taurus, taurī m.noun, 2nd decl.taurus | a bullthe constellation Taurus | 1 | 18 |
| temerārius, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.temerāriī | accidental, random, haphazard; rash, thoughtlessfrom temere "at random" | 1 | 10 |
| tempestīvus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.tempestīvum | timely, seasonable, at the right time; ripe, maturefrom tempestās "season" | 1 | 13 |
| tempus, temporis n.noun, 3rd decl.tempore, tempus | time; a period, season, occasionEnglish temporal, tempo | 2 | 16 |
| tendō, tendere, tetendī, tentum (tēnsum)verb, 3rd conj.tendit | to stretch, stretch out; to aim, make for, direct one's course (ad + acc.); to striveEnglish tend, tension | 1 | 18 |
| teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentumverb, 2nd conj.teneās | to hold, keep, hold fast; to grasp, understandEnglish tenacious, tenet | 1 | 9 |
| terminō, termināre, termināvī, terminātumverb, 1st conj.terminābitur | to set bounds to, limit; to end, close; (pass.) to be bounded, end inEnglish terminate | 1 | 16 |
| terminus, terminī m.noun, 2nd decl.terminus | boundary, limit, endEnglish term, terminate | 1 | 1 |
| terreus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.terreum | made of earth, earthen, earthyfrom terra | 1 | 20 |
| terriculāmentum, terriculāmentī n.noun, 2nd decl.terriculāmenta | a thing to frighten with, a bugbear, scarecrowfrom terreō "frighten" | 1 | 23 |
| tertiōadverbtertiō | thirdly, in the third place; for the third timeabl. of tertius "third" | 1 | 18 |
| tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātumverb, 3rd conj.tollam, tolle | to lift, raise; to take away, remove; to do away with, carry off, killthe perfect sustulī and participle sublātus come from a different stem | 2 | 18 |
| tortuōsus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.tortuōsa | full of turns, winding; involved; crooked, deviousfrom torqueō "twist"; English tortuous | 1 | 15 |
| tōtus, -a, -um (gen. tōtīus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl. (pronominal)tōta, tōtam, tōtum, tōtā | whole, entire, allEnglish total | 8 | 1 |
| tragoedia, tragoediae f.noun, 1st decl.tragoediae | a tragedy; (fig.) a great fuss, tragic airs, a sceneEnglish tragedy | 2 | 6 |
| trānscendō, trānscendere, trānscendī, trānscēnsumverb, 3rd conj.trānscendere | to climb over, step across; to pass beyond; to surpass, rise aboveEnglish transcend | 1 | 14 |
| trānsferō, trānsferre, trānstulī, trānslātumirregular verbtrānsferās | to carry across, transfer; to change, turn (to); (sē trānsferre) to go over, turn oneself (to)English transfer, translate | 1 | 2 |
| trānsigō, trānsigere, trānsēgī, trānsāctumverb, 3rd conj.trānsigī | to drive through; to carry through, finish; (of time, life) to pass, spendEnglish transact | 1 | 6 |
| trepidātiō, trepidātiōnis f.noun, 3rd decl.trepidātiōnem | alarm, agitation, confused hurry; tremblingEnglish trepidation | 1 | 22 |
| trīstitia, trīstitiae f.noun, 1st decl.trīstitia | sadness, sorrow, gloom; sternnessfrom trīstis, sad | 1 | 18 |
| tū, tuī; dat. tibi; acc. and abl. tēpersonal pronountibi, tuī, tē, tēcum, tēipsō, tū | you (singular); tēcum with you | 33 | 2 |
| tueor, tuērī, tuitus sumdeponent verb, 2nd conj.tuendam | to look at, watch; to watch over, protect, defend; to keep up, maintain, upholdEnglish tutor, tuition | 1 | 20 |
| tumadverbtum | then; (cum … tum) both … and above all | 4 | 12 |
| tumultus, tumultūs m.noun, 4th decl.tumultum | uproar, commotion, confusion, fussEnglish tumult | 1 | 3 |
| tuncadverbtunc | then, at that time; in that case, accordingly | 1 | 20 |
| tuus, -a, -umpossessive adjectivetuae, tuam, tuum | your, yours (of one person) | 4 | 11 |
| tyrannicus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.tyrannicum | of a tyrant, tyrannical, despoticEnglish tyrannical | 1 | 18 |
| vacuus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.vacuum | empty, void; free (from), without (+ abl. or ā + abl.); at leisureEnglish vacuum, vacuous | 1 | 1 |
| ubiconjunctionubi | when; where | 3 | 17 |
| ubicunque (ubicumque)adverbubicunque | wherever; anywhere, everywhereGataker writes -cunque for -cumque | 3 | 1 |
| velconjunctionvel | or; vel … vel, either … or; (as adverb) even | 18 | 3 |
| vēlāmentum, vēlāmentī n.noun, 2nd decl.vēlāmentum | a covering, veil, curtainfrom vēlum "cloth, curtain"; English veil | 1 | 27 |
| velutī (velut)adverbvelut | just as, even as; as for instance, such asvel + utī | 1 | 6 |
| venia, veniae f.noun, 1st decl.venia | indulgence, favour; pardon, forgiveness; leave, permissionEnglish venial | 1 | 16 |
| vērāx, vērācisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)vērācem | truthful, speaking the truthEnglish veracious | 1 | 1 |
| verbum, verbī n.noun, 2nd decl.verba | word; (ut verbo dicam) to put it in a wordEnglish verbal | 1 | 32 |
| verēcundus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.verēcundam | modest, bashful, shy; respectful, reservedfrom vereor, fear, respect | 1 | 1 |
| vergō, vergere, versīverb, 3rd conj.vergat | to bend, incline, slope; to turn, tend towardsEnglish verge, converge | 1 | 20 |
| vēritās, vēritātis f.noun, 3rd decl.vēritāte, vēritātem | truth, reality; truthfulnessEnglish verity | 2 | 12 |
| vērōadverbvērō | in truth, indeed; but, however (second in its clause) | 6 | 8 |
| versor, versārī, versātus sumdeponent verb, 1st conj.versāris | to dwell, be engaged in; (cum + abl.) to live with, keep company withEnglish versatile | 1 | 7 |
| vēruntamen (vērumtamen)conjunctionvēruntamen | but yet, nevertheless, howevervērum + tamen | 2 | 8 |
| vestis, vestis f.noun, 3rd decl.veste | clothing, garment, dressEnglish vest, vestment | 1 | 28 |
| vetus, veterisadjective, 3rd decl. (one ending)vetus | old, aged; of long standing; former, ancient; (vetus cōmoedia) the Old Comedy of AthensEnglish veteran, inveterate | 1 | 6 |
| vīcīnus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.vīcīnīs | near, neighbouring; (+ dat.) close to, bordering on; (as noun) a neighbourEnglish vicinity | 1 | 18 |
| videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsumverb, 2nd conj.videant, videntur, videtque, vīderint, vīderit, vīdērunt, vīsūrī | to see, look at; to understand; (pass.) to seem, appearEnglish video, vision | 9 | 1 |
| vīlis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.vīliōrī | cheap, of little value, worthlessEnglish vile | 1 | 19 |
| vincō, vincere, vīcī, victumverb, 3rd conj.victum | to conquer, defeat, overcome; to prevailEnglish victory, invincible | 1 | 2 |
| violentus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.violentum | violent, forcible, impetuousfrom vīs "force"; English violent | 1 | 20 |
| violō, violāre, violāvī, violātumverb, 1st conj.violat | to treat with violence, injure; to violate, break (a law or agreement); to profaneEnglish violate | 1 | 18 |
| vir, virī m.noun, 2nd decl.vir, virum | man; husband; a true manEnglish virile | 2 | 15 |
| virīlis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.virīle | of a man, male; manly, courageousfrom vir "man"; English virile | 1 | 18 |
| virtūs, virtūtis f.noun, 3rd decl.virtūte, virtūtem, virtūtis, virtūtēs | excellence, virtue; courageEnglish virtue | 4 | 2 |
| vīs, vīs f. (acc. vim, abl. vī; pl. vīrēs)noun, 3rd decl. (irregular)vim | force, power, strength; violence; pl. strengthEnglish violent | 1 | 20 |
| vīta, vītae f.noun, 1st decl.vīta, vītae, vītam, vītā | life; way of life; livelihoodEnglish vital | 9 | 1 |
| vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctumverb, 3rd conj.vīvendī, vīvis | to live, be alive; to spend one's lifeEnglish vivid, revive | 3 | 5 |
| ūllus, -a, -um (gen. ūllīus)adjective, 1st/2nd decl. (pronominal)ūllum, ūllō | any, any one (mostly in negative or conditional sentences) | 3 | 12 |
| umbra, umbrae f.noun, 1st decl.umbrā | shade, shadow; a ghost, shade of the dead; a mere appearanceEnglish umbrella | 1 | 24 |
| ūnāadverbūnā | together, at the same time, in companyfrom ūnus | 1 | 8 |
| undeadverbunde | from where, whence; from which | 1 | 17 |
| ūniformis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.ūniformis | having one form, uniform, all of a kindūnus + forma; English uniform | 1 | 12 |
| ūniformitās, ūniformitātis f.noun, 3rd decl.ūniformitātis | uniformity, sameness of kinda late word, from ūniformis; English uniformity | 1 | 1 |
| ūniversus, -a, -umadjective, 1st/2nd decl.ūniversa, ūniversī, ūniversō | all together, whole, entire; (neut. as noun) the whole, the universeEnglish universe | 7 | 1 |
| unquam (umquam)adverbunquam | ever, at any time | 1 | 4 |
| ūnus, -a, -um (gen. ūnīus)numeralūnus | one; only, alone; a singleEnglish unity, unique | 2 | 21 |
| ūnusquisque, ūnaquaeque, ūnumquidque (adj. ūnumquodque)indefinite pronounūnamquamque, ūnumquodque | each one, every single one | 2 | 16 |
| volō, velle, voluīirregular verbvelit, velle, velīs, volueris, vult, vultis | to want, wish, be willing; to meanEnglish volition | 6 | 1 |
| voluntās, voluntātis f.noun, 3rd decl.voluntātis | will, wish, desire; goodwill; purpose, intentionEnglish voluntary | 1 | 36 |
| voluptās, voluptātis f.noun, 3rd decl.voluptātibus | pleasure, delight, enjoymentEnglish voluptuous | 1 | 19 |
| vōx, vōcis f.noun, 3rd decl.vōce, vōcem | voice; a cry, shout; word, utterance, sayingEnglish vocal | 2 | 2 |
| usqueadeō (usque adeō)adverbusqueadeō | to such a degree, so far, so muchusque "all the way" + adeō "so far" | 1 | 20 |
| ut, utīconjunctionut, utque | (+ subj.) that, so that, in order that; (+ ind.) as, when; ut quī, as one who | 27 | 1 |
| uterque, utraque, utrumquepronounuterque, utraque, utrumque | each (of two), both | 5 | 9 |
| ūtilis, -eadjective, 3rd decl.ūtilia | useful, profitable, advantageous; (n. as noun) what is useful, advantageEnglish utility | 1 | 6 |
| ūtiliteradverbūtiliter | usefully, profitably, to good purposefrom ūtilis | 1 | 6 |
| utīqueadverbutīque | in any case, at any rate, certainly; at least; especially | 1 | 18 |
| ūtor, ūtī, ūsus sumdeponent verb, 3rd conj.ūsa | to use, make use of (+ abl.); to wear (clothes); to enjoy; to treat, deal withEnglish use, utility | 1 | 6 |
| utrumconjunctionutrum | whether (in direct and indirect questions, often answered by an "or") | 1 | 38 |
| ūva, ūvae f.noun, 1st decl.ūva | a grape, a bunch of grapes; ūva passa, a raisin | 1 | 35 |
| vulgāris, -eadjective, 3rd decl.vulgārī | of the common people; common, ordinary, everyday; commonplaceEnglish vulgar | 1 | 38 |
| vulgus, vulgī n. (rarely m.)noun, 2nd decl.vulgō | the common people, the masses, the crowdEnglish vulgar | 1 | 21 |
| vulnus, vulneris n.noun, 3rd decl.vulnus | wound; blow, injuryEnglish vulnerable | 1 | 18 |
| Xanthippē, Xanthippēs f.proper noun, 1st decl. (Greek)xanthippē | Xanthippe, the wife of Socrates, remembered in later stories as a shrew | 1 | 28 |