Сокращённые формы: don’t, it’s, ’em

В живой речи вспомогательные глаголы и not сливаются с соседним словом, а на месте выпавших букв ставится апостроф. При чтении сокращение надо развернуть: don’t = do not, I’ll = I will.

Примеры

• I don’t mean to say that I know 1.1Я не хочу сказать, что знаю
• or the Country’s done for 1.1иначе стране конец
• I’ll retire to Bedlam. 1.8Уйду-ка я в Бедлам.
• Couldn’t I take ’em all at once, and have it over, Jacob? 1.24А нельзя ли мне принять их всех сразу и покончить с этим, Джейкоб?
• I think I’d rather not 1.24Я, пожалуй, предпочёл бы обойтись

В тексте 212

• I.1 Mind! I don’t mean to say that I know, of my own knowledge, what there is particularly dead about a door-nail.don’t = do not. I don’t mean to say — «я не хочу сказать», «я не утверждаю». mean здесь «иметь в виду, намереваться».
• I.1 But the wisdom of our ancestors is in the simile; and my unhallowed hands shall not disturb it, or the Country’s done for.
• I.1 Scrooge and he were partners for I don’t know how many years.
• I.2 he iced his office in the dog-days; and didn’t thaw it one degree at Christmas.didn’t = did not; в повествовании Диккенса такое разговорное сокращение редкость и звучит как живая речь рассказчика. thaw /θɔː/ — «оттаивать; растапливать»: здесь «дать оттаять». Мера изменения стоит без предлога: one degree — «на один градус», а с отрицанием «ни на градус».
• I.3 Foul weather didn’t know where to have him.
• I.4 But he couldn’t replenish it, for Scrooge kept the coal-box in his own room;
• I.5 “You don’t mean that, I am sure?”
• I.5 You’re poor enough.”
• I.5 You’re rich enough.”
• I.5 “Don’t be cross, uncle!” said the nephew.
• I.5 What’s Christmas time to you but a time for paying bills without money;
• I.5 a time for balancing your books and having every item in ’em through a round dozen of months presented dead against you?Разговорное them; апостроф стоит на месте выпавших букв.
• I.6 “But you don’t keep it.”
• I.7 “Let me hear another sound from you,” said Scrooge, “and you’ll keep your Christmas by losing your situation!
• I.7 You’re quite a powerful speaker, sir,” he added, turning to his nephew.
• I.7 “I wonder you don’t go into Parliament.”
• I.7 “Don’t be angry, uncle.
• I.7 But I have made the trial in homage to Christmas, and I’ll keep my Christmas humour to the last.
• I.8 “There’s another fellow,” muttered Scrooge; who overheard him:
• I.8 I’ll retire to Bedlam.”
• I.9 “I’m very glad to hear it.”
• I.9 I don’t make merry myself at Christmas and I can’t afford to make idle people merry.
• I.9 “Many can’t go there; and many would rather die.”
• I.9 Besides—excuse me—I don’t know that.”
• I.10 “It’s not my business,” Scrooge returned.
• I.10 “It’s enough for a man to understand his own business, and not to interfere with other people’s.
• I.11 “You’ll want all day to-morrow, I suppose?” said Scrooge.
• I.11 “It’s not convenient,” said Scrooge, “and it’s not fair.
• I.11 If I was to stop half-a-crown for it, you’d think yourself ill-used, I’ll be bound?”
• I.11 “And yet,” said Scrooge, “you don’t think me ill-used, when I pay a day’s wages for no work.”
• I.14 Half-a-dozen gas-lamps out of the street wouldn’t have lighted the entry too well, so you may suppose that it was pretty dark with Scrooge’s dip.
• I.17 “It’s humbug still!” said Scrooge. “I won’t believe it.”
• I.18 “Who were you then?” said Scrooge, raising his voice. “You’re particular, for a shade.”
• I.18 Scrooge asked the question, because he didn’t know whether a ghost so transparent might find himself in a condition to take a chair;
• I.18 “You don’t believe in me,” observed the Ghost.
• I.19 “I don’t,” said Scrooge.
• I.19 “I don’t know,” said Scrooge.
• I.19 There’s more of gravy than of grave about you, whatever you are!”
• I.23 “But don’t be hard upon me!
• I.23 Don’t be flowery, Jacob!
• I.24 “Thank’ee!”Разговорное слитное произношение thank ye, то есть thank you: ye — старая форма you. Подлежащее I опущено, как и в обычном thank you.
• I.24 “I—I think I’d rather not,” said Scrooge.
• I.24 “Couldn’t I take ’em all at once, and have it over, Jacob?” hinted Scrooge.Разговорная краткая форма them; апостроф стоит на месте пропущенных букв.
• II.1 “Why, it isn’t possible,” said Scrooge, “that I can have slept through a whole day and far into another night.
• II.1 It isn’t possible that anything has happened to the sun, and this is twelve at noon!”
• II.8 “Why, it’s Ali Baba!” Scrooge exclaimed in ecstasy.
• II.8 “It’s dear old honest Ali Baba!
• II.8 And what’s his name, who was put down in his drawers, asleep, at the Gate of Damascus; don’t you see him!
• II.8 I’m glad of it.
• II.9 “There’s the Parrot!” cried Scrooge.
• II.9 The man thought he was dreaming, but he wasn’t.
• II.9 “but it’s too late now.”
• II.9 I should like to have given him something: that’s all.”
• II.10 Father is so much kinder than he used to be, that home’s like Heaven!home’s = home is: это не притяжательный падеж, а сокращение. Heaven [ˈhevn] — «небеса, рай», пишется с большой буквы.
• II.10 And you’re to be a man!” said the child, opening her eyes,
• II.10 but first, we’re to be together all the Christmas long, and have the merriest time in all the world.”
• II.11 “You’re right.
• II.12 “Why, it’s old Fezziwig!
• II.12 Bless his heart; it’s Fezziwig alive again!”
• II.13 Scrooge’s former self, now grown a young man, came briskly in, accompanied by his fellow-’prentice.
• II.13 Let’s have the shutters up,” cried old Fezziwig, with a sharp clap of his hands, “before a man can say Jack Robinson!”
• II.13 You wouldn’t believe how those two fellows went at it!
• II.13 They charged into the street with the shutters—one, two, three—had ’em up in their places—four, five, six—barred ’em and pinned ’em—seven, eight, nine—and came back before you could have got to twelve, panting like race-horses.’em — разговорное them; апостроф на месте отброшенных букв. have them up — «поднять и поставить их»: тот же оборот, что в приказе Феззиуига Let’s have the shutters up.
• II.13 “Clear away, my lads, and let’s have lots of room here!
• II.13 There was nothing they wouldn’t have cleared away, or couldn’t have cleared away, with old Fezziwig looking on.
• II.15 If that’s not high praise, tell me higher, and I’ll use it.
• II.15 You couldn’t have predicted, at any given time, what would have become of them next.
• II.16 When everybody had retired but the two ’prentices, they did the same to them;Разговорное усечение от apprentices; апостроф стоит на месте отброшенного начала слова. Два ученика — молодой Скрудж и Дик Уилкинс: они живут у хозяина и уходят последними, потому что уходить им некуда.
• II.17 “It isn’t that,” said Scrooge, heated by the remark, and speaking unconsciously like his former, not his latter, self.
• II.17 “It isn’t that, Spirit.
• II.17 Say that his power lies in words and looks; in things so slight and insignificant that it is impossible to add and count ’em up: what then?
• II.17 That’s all.”
• II.20 I don’t wish to see it.
• II.21 I wouldn’t for the wealth of all the world have crushed that braided hair, and torn it down;
• II.21 and for the precious little shoe, I wouldn’t have plucked it off, God bless my soul! to save my life.
• II.21 As to measuring her waist in sport, as they did, bold young brood, I couldn’t have done it;
• II.23 Tut, don’t I know?” she added in the same breath, laughing as he laughed.
• III.1 Without venturing for Scrooge quite as hardily as this, I don’t mind calling on you to believe that he was ready for a good broad field of strange appearances,
• III.4 “I don’t think I have,” said Scrooge.
• III.9 “Wouldn’t you?”
• III.11 And Martha warn’t as late last Christmas Day by half-an-hour?”Просторечная форма вместо wasn’t (= was not). Так Диккенс передаёт речь лондонской бедноты; в правильной речи так не говорят.
• III.11 “Here’s Martha, mother!” said a girl, appearing as she spoke.
• III.11 “Here’s Martha, mother!” cried the two young Cratchits.
• III.11 There’s such a goose, Martha!”
• III.11 “We’d a deal of work to finish up last night,” replied the girl, “and had to clear away this morning, mother!”Здесь ’d — это had в прямом значении «иметь»: We had a deal of work. Сейчас had так сокращают только когда он вспомогательный (we’d finished), а ’d чаще значит would.
• III.11 There’s father coming,” cried the two young Cratchits, who were everywhere at once.
• III.11 “Why, where’s our Martha?” cried Bob Cratchit, looking round.
• III.12 Martha didn’t like to see him disappointed, if it were only in joke;
• III.17 “Mr. Scrooge!” said Bob; “I’ll give you Mr. Scrooge, the Founder of the Feast!”
• III.17 I’d give him a piece of my mind to feast upon, and I hope he’d have a good appetite for it.”
• III.17 “I’ll drink his health for your sake and the Day’s,” said Mrs. Cratchit, “not for his.
• III.17 He’ll be very merry and very happy, I have no doubt!”
• III.17 Tiny Tim drank it last of all, but he didn’t care twopence for it.
• III.18 at which Peter pulled up his collars so high that you couldn’t have seen his head if you had been there.
• III.23 Introduce him to me, and I’ll cultivate his acquaintance.
• III.24 “He’s a comical old fellow,” said Scrooge’s nephew, “that’s the truth: and not so pleasant as he might be.
• III.24 “I’m sure he is very rich, Fred,” hinted Scrooge’s niece.
• III.24 He don’t do any good with it.По правилам нужно he doesn’t. В разговорной речи времён Диккенса he don’t говорили и образованные люди; теперь это считается ошибкой. Племянник повторит эту форму ещё дважды.
• III.24 He don’t make himself comfortable with it.
• III.24 He hasn’t the satisfaction of thinking—ha, ha, ha!—that he is ever going to benefit US with it.”
• III.24 “I am sorry for him; I couldn’t be angry with him if I tried.
• III.24 Here, he takes it into his head to dislike us, and he won’t come and dine with us.
• III.24 What’s the consequence?
• III.24 He don’t lose much of a dinner.”
• III.25 “Well! I’m very glad to hear it,” said Scrooge’s nephew, “because I haven’t great faith in these young housekeepers.
• III.26 but he can’t help thinking better of it—I defy him—if he finds me going there, in good temper, year after year, and saying Uncle Scrooge, how are you?
• III.26 If it only puts him in the vein to leave his poor clerk fifty pounds, that’s something;
• III.28 But they didn’t devote the whole evening to music.
• III.28 He wouldn’t catch anybody else.
• III.28 She often cried out that it wasn’t fair; and it really was not.
• III.30 “It’s your Uncle Scro-o-o-o-oge!”
• III.31 “He wouldn’t take it from me, but may he have it, nevertheless.
• IV.3 “No,” said a great fat man with a monstrous chin, “I don’t know much about it, either way.
• IV.3 I only know he’s dead.”he’s = he is. По-английски о случившейся смерти говорят прилагательным: he is dead, буквально «он мёртв», то есть «он умер». После know пропущен союз that.
• IV.3 “I thought he’d never die.”
• IV.3 “I haven’t heard,” said the man with the large chin, yawning again.
• IV.3 He hasn’t left it to me.
• IV.3 That’s all I know.”
• IV.3 “It’s likely to be a very cheap funeral,” said the same speaker;
• IV.3 “for upon my life I don’t know of anybody to go to it.
• IV.3 “I don’t mind going if a lunch is provided,” observed the gentleman with the excrescence on his nose.
• IV.3 But I’ll offer to go, if anybody else will.
• IV.3 When I come to think of it, I’m not at all sure that I wasn’t his most particular friend;
• IV.4 “Cold, isn’t it?”
• IV.4 You’re not a skater, I suppose?”
• IV.6 Look here, old Joe, here’s a chance!here’s = here is, «вот». chance здесь не «шанс», а «случай, случайное совпадение»: «вот так случай!».
• IV.6 If we haven’t all three met here without meaning it!”
• IV.7 “You couldn’t have met in a better place,” said old Joe, removing his pipe from his mouth.
• IV.7 You were made free of it long ago, you know; and the other two an’t strangers.Просторечное сокращение, здесь вместо are not; ниже оно же стоит вместо is not. Сегодня эту форму пишут ain’t. Так Диккенс показывает речь необразованных лондонцев.
• IV.7 There an’t such a rusty bit of metal in the place as its own hinges, I believe;
• IV.7 and I’m sure there’s no such old bones here, as mine.
• IV.7 We’re all suitable to our calling, we’re well matched.
• IV.7 “That’s true, indeed!” said the laundress.
• IV.7 “Why then, don’t stand staring as if you was afraid, woman; who’s the wiser?
• IV.7 We’re not going to pick holes in each other’s coats, I suppose?”
• IV.8 “That’s enough.
• IV.8 Who’s the worse for the loss of a few things like these?
• IV.8 “If he wanted to keep ’em after he was dead, a wicked old screw,” pursued the woman, “why wasn’t he natural in his lifetime?Разговорное them: «их», то есть вещи.
• IV.8 If he had been, he’d have had somebody to look after him when he was struck with Death,
• IV.8 “It’s the truest word that ever was spoke,” said Mrs. Dilber.
• IV.8 “It’s a judgment on him.”
• IV.8 I’m not afraid to be the first, nor afraid for them to see it.
• IV.8 It’s no sin.
• IV.9 “That’s your account,” said Joe, “and I wouldn’t give another sixpence, if I was to be boiled for not doing it.
• IV.9 Who’s next?”
• IV.9 It’s a weakness of mine, and that’s the way I ruin myself,” said old Joe.
• IV.9 “That’s your account.
• IV.9 If you asked me for another penny, and made it an open question, I’d repent of being so liberal and knock off half-a-crown.”
• IV.9 “You don’t mean to say you took ’em down, rings and all, with him lying there?” said Joe.
• IV.9 “You were born to make your fortune,” said Joe, “and you’ll certainly do it.”
• IV.9 “I certainly shan’t hold my hand, when I can get anything in it by reaching it out, for the sake of such a man as He was, I promise you, Joe,” returned the woman coolly.shall not: в британской речи того времени будущее с I и we строили с shall. Сейчас shan’t звучит старомодно, обычно говорят won’t.
• IV.9 “Don’t drop that oil upon the blankets, now.”
• IV.10 “He isn’t likely to take cold without ’em, I dare say.”
• IV.10 “I hope he didn’t die of anything catching?
• IV.10 “Don’t you be afraid of that,” returned the woman.
• IV.10 “I an’t so fond of his company that I’d loiter about him for such things, if he did.Просторечное сокращение от am not, а также от is not и are not; позже его стали писать ain’t. В литературной речи не употребляется.
• IV.10 but you won’t find a hole in it, nor a threadbare place.
• IV.10 It’s the best he had, and a fine one too.
• IV.10 They’d have wasted it, if it hadn’t been for me.”
• IV.10 If calico an’t good enough for such a purpose, it isn’t good enough for anything.В одной фразе рядом просторечное an’t и правильное isn’t в одном и том же значении is not. good enough for — «достаточно хорош для».
• IV.10 It’s quite as becoming to the body.
• IV.10 He can’t look uglier than he did in that one.”
• IV.14 “I don’t know.
• IV.15 “They’re better now again,” said Cratchit’s wife.
• IV.17 He couldn’t help it.
• IV.18 If I can be of service to you in any way,’ he said, giving me his card, ‘that’s where I live.
• IV.18 Now, it wasn’t,” cried Bob, “for the sake of anything he might be able to do for us, so much as for his kind way, that this was quite delightful.
• IV.18 “I’m sure he’s a good soul!” said Mrs. Cratchit.
• IV.18 “It’s just as likely as not,” said Bob, “one of these days; though there’s plenty of time for that, my dear.
• V.1 “I don’t know what to do!” cried Scrooge, laughing and crying in the same breath;
• V.2 “There’s the saucepan that the gruel was in!” cried Scrooge, starting off again, and going round the fireplace.
• V.2 “There’s the door, by which the Ghost of Jacob Marley entered!
• V.2 There’s the corner where the Ghost of Christmas Present, sat!
• V.2 There’s the window where I saw the wandering Spirits!
• V.2 It’s all right, it’s all true, it all happened.
• V.2 “I don’t know what day of the month it is!” said Scrooge.
• V.2 “I don’t know how long I’ve been among the Spirits.
• V.2 I don’t know anything.
• V.2 I’m quite a baby.
• V.2 I don’t care.
• V.2 I’d rather be a baby.
• V.2 “What’s to-day!” cried Scrooge, calling downward to a boy in Sunday clothes,
• V.3 “What’s to-day, my fine fellow?” said Scrooge.
• V.3 “It’s Christmas Day!” said Scrooge to himself.
• V.3 “I haven’t missed it.
• V.3 Do you know whether they’ve sold the prize Turkey that was hanging up there?—Not the little prize Turkey: the big one?”
• V.3 “It’s a pleasure to talk to him.
• V.3 “It’s hanging there now,” replied the boy.
• V.3 Go and buy it, and tell ’em to bring it here, that I may give them the direction where to take it.
• V.3 Come back with the man, and I’ll give you a shilling.
• V.3 Come back with him in less than five minutes and I’ll give you half-a-crown!”
• V.4 “I’ll send it to Bob Cratchit’s!” whispered Scrooge, rubbing his hands, and splitting with a laugh.
• V.4 “He sha’n’t know who sends it.Старое написание shan’t, сокращения от shall not: два апострофа стоят на месте двух пропусков (ll и o). shall с третьим лицом выражает волю говорящего: «он не узнает, уж я позабочусь».
• V.4 It’s twice the size of Tiny Tim.
• V.4 It’s a wonderful knocker!—Here’s the Turkey!
• V.4 He would have snapped ’em short off in a minute, like sticks of sealing-wax.
• V.4 “Why, it’s impossible to carry that to Camden Town,” said Scrooge.
• V.5 and shaving requires attention, even when you don’t dance while you are at it.
• V.6 “I don’t know what to say to such munifi—”
• V.6 “Don’t say anything, please,” retorted Scrooge.
• V.6 “Thank’ee,” said Scrooge.
• V.7 “He’s in the dining-room, sir, along with mistress.
• V.7 I’ll show you up-stairs, if you please.”
• V.7 “Thank’ee.
• V.7 “I’ll go in here, my dear.”
• V.7 or he wouldn’t have done it, on any account.
• V.7 “Why bless my soul!” cried Fred, “who’s that?”
• V.7 “It’s I.
• V.7 It is a mercy he didn’t shake his arm off.
• V.8 “It’s only once a year, sir,” pleaded Bob, appearing from the Tank.
• V.8 “Now, I’ll tell you what, my friend,” said Scrooge, “I am not going to stand this sort of thing any longer.
• V.9 I’ll raise your salary, and endeavour to assist your struggling family,